Prometheus monitoring System & Time Series Database

What is Tsdb (Time Series Database):

We can simply understand that. A software that is optimized to process time-series data, and the array in the data is indexed by time.

Features of the time series database:

• Most of the time is write operations
• Write operations are added in almost sequential order, and most of the time the data arrives after the date is sorted.
• Write operations seldom write long-ago data, and rarely update data. Most cases are written to the database after the data has been collected for a few seconds or minutes.
• A delete operation is typically a chunk deletion, selecting a history time to start and specifying subsequent chunks. It is rare to delete data for a time or a separate random time.
• The data generally far exceeds the memory size, so the cache is basically useless. The system is generally IO-intensive
• Read operations are very typical ascending or descending sequential reads,
• High concurrency read operations are common.

It is therefore well suited for storing and processing monitoring data.

What is Prometheus

Prometheus is an open source system monitoring and alerting tool released by SoundCloud. Since its inception in 2012, many companies and organizations have adopted Prometheus, which has a very active developer and user community. It is now an independent open source project and is independent of any company. To emphasize this and to clarify the governance structure of the project, Prometheus joined the Cloud Native Computing Foundation in 2016 as the second project to be chaired by the Foundation after Kubernetes.

Prometheus is a powerful monitoring platform that provides a complete set of solutions for monitoring data collection, storage, processing, visualization and alerting.

Official website: Https://prometheus.io

Features

Main features of Prometheus:

• Multidimensional data Model (timing column data consists of a metric name and a set of Key/value)
• Flexible query Language on multiple dimensions (PROMQL)
• No reliance on distributed storage, single master node work.
• Acquisition of time series data via the pull mode based on HTTP
• Sequential column data push (pushing) via an intermediary gateway
• The target server can be implemented through a discovery service or a static configuration
• Multiple Visualization and dashboard support

Components

The Prometheus ecosystem consists of several components, many of which are optional:

• The main Prometheus server which scrapes and stores time series data
• Client libraries for instrumenting application code
• A push gateway for supporting short-lived jobs
• Special-purpose exporters for services like HAProxy, STATSD, Graphite, etc.
• An Alertmanager to handle alerts
• Various Support Tools

Most Prometheus components is written in Go, making them easy to build and deploy as static binaries.

Architecture

Prometheus monitoring System & Time Series Database