SAP Inventory Analysis Report

For inventory analysis, SAP provides a lot of MC. * reports, but it is basically not used by enterprises. Why? Most of them are based on the information structure, which is very inaccurate! It is also difficult to use. The following are some terms in the inventory analysis: 1. inventory turnover rate
The inventory of a manufacturing enterprise accounts for a large proportion of the current assets. The inventory monetization capability will directly affect the efficiency of the enterprise's assets. Inventory monetization capability is generally reflected by inventory turnover. Inventory turnover rate is a comprehensive indicator to measure and evaluate the management status of each link, such as the enterprise's purchase inventory, investor production, and sales recovery. The inventory turnover rate (inventory turnover times) and inventory turnover days are specific, related formulas:
1. inventory turnover rate = sales cost/average inventory, where average inventory = (number of inventories at the beginning of the year + number of inventories at the end of the year)/2
2. inventory turnover days = 360/inventory turnover rate = (average inventory * 360)/sales cost
In general, the high inventory turnover rate indicates that the inventory turnover is fast, the lower the inventory occupation level, the stronger the asset liquidity, and the faster the inventory is converted to cash or receivables, the enterprise's asset monetization capability is relatively high, and the inventory is aging.
However, a high inventory turnover rate may result in inventory shortage or shortage, or increase inventory management, delivery frequency, and transportation costs.
However, some enterprises use JIT Management to minimize or zero inventory, without causing shutdown. JIT Management is summarized: Produce and provide the required Material.But is it true?
(1 ). by single production, with MTO/BTO/ATO/ETO (make to order/build to order/assembly to order/engineer to order ), that is to say, the customer's order is the premise of production and procurement, through the order to stimulate production and procurement, assuming that this is true, of course, enterprises can not produce excess finished goods inventory, do not purchase excess raw materials.
(2 ). KanbanAnd pull production, production site no material automatic pull, from where to pull? Warehouse? Okay, I think of a joke, saying, in ancient times, the private school asked the wealthy manager how his son got rice. The boy answered: He got rice from the MI store, and his father heard it, said angrily: silly son, do you know rice grows out of the field? Grain is not divided, and the four bodies are not diligent. (I have heard of the concept of Kanban when I attended hand training in Shanghai, but I have not touched it in the system)
(3). the VMI and hub obviously do not automatically produce raw materials in your warehouse. What you need and how much you need? How can we achieve inventory? There are some ways:
I. The main material suppliers are directly next door, like the legend that JIT is doing great Toyota cars. parts suppliers are asked to build factories next to the car production factory to reach out for the materials.
II. VMI, let the Material Supplier put the materials in your warehouse first, and then calculate after use, and in the subsequent settlement, if the material price is reduced, the settlement will be based on the current market price. If the material price increases, Sorry, the hourly price is based on the current consumption. Otherwise, your home has zero inventory, but it sacrifices the interests of the supplier.
III. hub, centralized inventory, many groups set up specialized procurement companies, unified procurement, especially for raw materials that require unified customs clearance, such as the establishment of a hub in a bonded area, production preparation is ready in the hub, uniformly distributed to production plants.
Is your product crying and making orders? No; can you force your suppliers to build factories around you? No; can you let your supplier deliver the goods first and use it for settlement? No way; is your production site well managed? Too bad, so, JIT is impossible for u! (That's right. I don't like the concept of zero inventory myself. In a sense, close to zero inventory reduces costs, but the entire supply chain will become very fragile .)
Ii. Analysis of inventory aging and sluggish Materials
Generally, when the inventory turnover rate is high, the aging rate is low, and the aging of the inventory will lead to sluggish or even waste. For example, for foods and medicines with a shelf life, the inventory aging rate exceeds the shelf life and is directly a waste, A company is expected to experience a slump of 0.2 billion, which is definitely a fatal blow to companies with low profit margins. Different enterprises have different material definitions with different lazy cycles. How can ERP define and calculate lazy data? For example, if a Class A material is deprecated after more than 180 days and class C is deprecated after 90 days, the calculation logic in ERP can be referred to as follows:
Simple:
A. Obtain the final time of materials before warehouse receiving.
B. Enter the dull query time or the current time.
C. The two products subtract from each other for more than 90 days, that is, they show the time and quantity of the products.
Now, assuming that the materials are not in stock in the early stage of dz1, 1000 items are purchased at 2008/01/01, 1 item is consumed at 2008/04/04, 1 item is consumed at 2008/06/06, and 1 item is consumed at 2008/11/11. In 2008/12/01, the system, due to the consumption in 2008/11/11, the analysis on 2008/12/01 considers that dz1 is not dull. In fact, this material has already been transparent. In one year, it will only consume 3 items and 997 items.
Enhanced:
A. Obtain the last warehouse receiving time and current quantity of materials first.
B. Check the final warehouse picking time and quantity of materials.
C. The two products subtract from each other for more than 90 days, that is, they show the time and quantity of the products.
Now, assuming that the materials are not in stock in the early stage of dz1, 1000 items are purchased at 2008/01/01, 1 item is consumed at 2008/04/04, 1 item is consumed at 2008/06/06, and 1 item is consumed at 2008/11/11. In 2008/12/01, the system, we can calculate 997 deadlocks and latencies, but in practice, inventories are continuously supplemented and consumed. Assuming that 10 of the outstanding purchase orders are recharged at 2008/10/10 (and will not be purchased later ), based on this logic, assuming that there is no batch management, dz1 will be considered not to be dull at all, in fact, it is very dull and thorough.
Batch Type:
In the following example, we assume that materials are not in stock in the early stage of dz1, 1000 items are purchased at 2008/01/01, 1 item is consumed at batch 1, 04/04/, 1 item is consumed at 2008/06/06, and 1 item is consumed at 2008/11/11, 10 of an outstanding purchase order was re-received at 2008/10/10, in batches 2. By default, the first-in-first-out model is used, and the ten items of 997,200 are not sluggish for the time being.

The difference between enhanced and batch types is:
Materials are continuously sent and received. You cannot know which materials are consumed for warehouse receiving and receiving without batch management. Therefore, you cannot accurately determine the amount of sluggish materials. For simple instances, material a has purchased 250 million times in the past three years, with 100 materials each time. From the past three years to the present, it has delivered 25 million materials each time, even if the physical objects are stored in the warehouse after purchase, the issue is probably sent to the warehouse after delivery. If there is no Batch Management in the ERP system, unless you simulate a batch, the total consumption is deducted from the first warehouse receiving fee to the last warehouse receiving fee. In this example, the total consumption is 6250, 63rd purchases (63*100> 25*250) will meet the consumption requirements, and the last 187 will be sluggish Based on the storage time, this kind of reports that capture all historical services basically cannot run out of data, and its logic is sluggish, where the inventory is still able to be computed. If a batch is used, you only need to first find the batch> 0 and then calculate the aging time based on the batch storage time to determine whether the batch is sluggish. Of course, batch implementation also has many side effects.
Iii. Inventory receiving and receiving during the period
How can I obtain the inventory at the beginning and end of the period and the quantity and amount sent and received in the current period on schedule? (Is the requirement for querying historical inventory by day reasonable? )
Related tcode: mb51/mr51/mmbe | mb52
Mmbe/mb52: latest stock items/batch
Mb51: view material creden
Mr51: view the corresponding material accounting creden (search for all accounting creden) for a certain period of time based on the material number)
Note: mr51 checks the amount of money incurred in the material business transaction. You can enter the posting date range from 2008/12/01 to 2008/12/31 to check the amount and balance of the loan with material creden, during this period. Of course, the amount of materials is not only the accounting creden generated by material movement, but also the creden, generated when a certain item is input for direct accounting by Miro, mr21, mr22, or even manual finance. Therefore, theoretically, the balance should be the increase or decrease of inventory amount in the current period. However, if the manual financial account directly enters the materials, the increase or decrease of inventory amount in the current period will not be the sum of the amount in the current period, because manual accounting does not affect the logistics module and does not affect the material accounting.
For the number, only the number of creden starting with W is the valid number.
Summary:
The amount that affects the inventory includes sending, receiving, receiving, transferring, and other changes (starting with the certificate W), Miro invoice verification or amount adjustment, mr21/mr22 price change/inventory adjustment, and material ledger settlement certificates, but it does not include direct financial accounting + material number (the patched R/3 allows financial records of Material Consumption + material number to work order, in this case, the inventory amount of the materials produced by the ticket is affected, but its inventory amount is not affected ). ,
Only the mobile devices that affect the valid inventory quantity, such as receiving and receiving, are transferred for waste (starting with W ).
Related tables: mbew | mbewh/ebew | ebewh (general stock/sales order stock, other stock slightly)
Ckmlpp/ckmlcr (table for initiating a material ledger)
Mbewh: indicates the inventory History Table, which retains the inventory for each period (I .e., the end of the period). The end of the last month is the beginning of the next month. mbewh has two features: one is the cumulative inventory on schedule; second, if there is no moving of materials in a period, there is no record in the table. For example, assume that the inventory of material a in the first month is 10, the amount is 2008/01, and the price is 10 RMB (effective price, it can be a standard price or a mobile price). If there is no movement between 2008/02 and 2008/12 months, 2008/12 will be traced back to the recorded 2008/01 at the beginning of the period.
Ckmlpp/ckmlcr: the enterprise that implements the material account. The two tables retain information such as the opening/ending inventory and actual cycle price for each period. The material classification table is not described here.
How do I write a report at the end of a period and for the current period?
Note: The initial period of any period (end of the previous period) can be obtained from the mbewh table (assuming no special stock) without implementing the material account or using the material account form. If no records are recorded during the input period, the quantity and amount of inventory pushed forward to the recorded quantity and the ending stock (if there is no record during the input period, then pushed forward to the recorded quantity until the beginning of the period = the end of the period, if you need the transaction details during the period, read the amount of all creden with material numbers from bseg, for example, the initial inventory amount + The amount of the current material borrower-the current loan amount = the inventory amount at the end of the current period. As mentioned above, you must exclude manual accounting and add the material number directly, because this part is not in stock, it will not be in the mbewh table. Enterprises should try to avoid manual direct entry of material accounting services. Unfortunately, many enterprises that implement the material account should use the manual difference + material allocation method after the material account settlement is completed, rather than finding the cause of the exception beforehand to prevent the differential allocation exception. Http://scnblogs.techweb.com.cn/perrin/archives/3.html