Software installation and uninstall under Linux (i) __linux

Linux software installation files generally have three kinds, 1:rpm package, Deb package, bin Package 2: Compiled like Windows package 3: There is also a source code, that is, the suffix is. tar.gz, tar. Z, tar.bz2 or. tgz. So Linux software can be roughly divided into two categories: one is the package management software installation, and directly from the source code installation compared to software package management easy to install and uninstall; Easy to update installed packages, easy to protect configuration files, easy to track installed files. The other is to compile the source code, and then install the. Compile source code can generate the most suitable for your machine software, but the installation is more troublesome, beginners bad grasp (hehe, I have tried unsuccessfully). Package management software is simpler and easier to manage.

Installation and unloading of RPM package
1. RPM is a software format that Red Hat Linux offers to install and manage software under Linux, and is now used by many Linux distributions.
The RPM full name is Red Hat Package Manager (Red Hat Package manager). RPM is essentially a package that contains Linux software that can be installed and run immediately on a particular machine architecture. The RPM diagram is as follows:

Most Linux RPM software packages have a certain pattern of naming, which follows the name-version-revision-type
eg:mysoftware-1.2-1.i386.rpm.
RPM Command Main parameters:
-I installation software.
-t test installation, not a true installation.
-P Displays the progress of the installation.
-F ignores any errors.
-U upgrade installation.
The-V test suite is installed correctly.

Installation of 2.rpm Packages
RPM-IVH xxx.rpm
where xxx is the filename of your installed software
This should be the case if you are upgrading the installation (a low version of the software that was originally installed):
RPM-UVH xxx.rpm

3. Inquire about the installed RPM package
Rpm-qa |grep XXX
Note: Only can detect the installation of the RPM software, their own compiler installation can not find out, of course, his uninstall is also more troublesome, in the graphical interface can also be found.

4.RPM Package Uninstall
# RPM-E Software Name
Note: The software name, not the package name, is used in the above code. For example, to uninstall software-1.2.-1.i386.rpm This package, you should perform: #rpm-e software


4. Forcibly uninstall the RPM package
Sometimes it is not possible to remove an RPM, especially when there are other programs on the system that depend on it. If the Execute command displays the following error message:
# # RPM-E Xsnow
Error:removing These packages would break dependencies:
/usr/x11r6/bin/xsnow is needed by x-amusements-1.0-1
In this case, you can reinstall the Xsnow with the--force option:
# # RPM-IVH--force xsnow-1.41-1.i386.rpm
Xsnow
Note: It is recommended that you use the tool software Kleandisk to safely and completely clean out the RPM packages that are no longer in use.

5. Install the. src.rpm type of File
At present there are two modes of RPM, one is already encoded (I386.RPM) and one is not encoded (src.rpm).
RPM--rebuild Filename.src.rpm
In this case, the system will create a file filenamr.rpm, in the/usr/src/redflag/rpms/subdirectory, is generally i386, the specific situation and the Linux release version. Then execute the following code: RPM-IVH/USR/SRC/REGFLAG/RPMS/I386/FILENAME.RPM

Note: It is not easy to install software under Linux, and sometimes you will find that it prompts you to lack other dependent software when you use RPM to install the software. Only if you install the software it relies on can it be installed successfully.
If you are not prompted to install the other software you can go here to look for: rpmfind.com

Second, the Deb package installation and Uninstall
1.deb is a package manager provided by Debian Linux, which is very similar to RPM. But because RPM appears early and is widely used, it is common in various versions of Linux, and Debian's package manager dpkg only appears in Debina Linux. The advantage is that it does not have to be bothered by strict dependency checking, except that the package management tool is only seen in Debian Linux distributions.

2. Installation
# dpkg-i Mysoftware-1.2.-1.deb

3. Uninstall
# DPKG-E MySoftware

Iii. installation and unloading of bin files
1. The extension is a. bin file is binary, it is also the source program compiled after the machine language. Some commercial software software can be published as a. bin suffix of the installation package.
For example, streaming media Player RealOne. Installing the RealOne for Linux version (file name: R1p1_linux22_libc6_i386_a1.bin) is very simple if you have installed a RealOne version of Windows.

Installation of 2.bin files
#chmod +x R1p1_linux22_libc6_i386_a1.bin
./R1p1_linux22_libc6_i386_a1.bin

Next choose the installation mode, there are general installation and advanced installation of two kinds. If you do not want to change the installation directory, you can choose a normal installation, the entire installation process is almost the same as under the Windwos.

3.bin Uninstall of files
Take RealOne for Linux as an example, if the normal installation method, in the user's home directory will have real and Realplayer9 two folders, delete them.



Ii. installation and uninstall of compiled Windows-like packages
1. Installation and Uninstall methods are basically the same as under Windows, there is no difference here.
2.Linux Green Software
Linux also has some green software, but not much. The Linux system provides a mechanism for automatically responding to the requirements of the software's running process and setting it up for an environment that can run immediately. This mechanism can be either an interface or a middleware. Programmers can write programs directly copy distribution, do not install, just click on the program icon, access to the operating system provided by the interface, set up to work. To remove the software, delete it directly, without linking to the file. This is the simplest way to install and uninstall software.