Successful network management should have the quality of "wide" and "special"

With the rapid development of computer and IT technology, computer network has become a very hot topic, almost with every employee of the enterprise is closely related; From the enterprise local area network (including wired and wireless) planning, building, running and upgrading maintenance to the corporate Web site (including the web, FTP and email and other services) of the release of the operation; From network security management to database management, storage management and network and personnel Management system, from network equipment to server, workstation (PC) operation Management, from the production of cable to the operating system (server and PC) installation and so on, Maybe it's all related to the work of our network administrator.

Therefore, the network administrator (webmaster) Work tasks: Overall management network is the premise and guarantee of efficient operation of the network, the object of management not only refers to the smooth network link, the normal operation of the server and other hardware factors, including network applications, data flow and other software factors; Network managers must always pay attention to the network operation of the Enterprise, Concerned about the application of the network, so that the network can meet the needs of enterprises at any time, keep up and guide the development of enterprises. Here we will discuss with you the successful network administrator must "hardware" quality.

As a network administrator, there are many times when you need to do this yourself. Not only do you build network and network services yourself, but you must also set up switches and routers. Although wiring projects are usually implemented by network companies, but often because of new equipment or network topology changes in the results, but need to do some network cable jumper, suppress some modules, and even do some simple integrated wiring. In addition, upgrades of computer hardware and network equipment (such as increased hard disk, memory, CPU, etc.) also often require the administrator to do it himself. The installation of operating systems, application software and hardware drivers, etc. is a required course for network administrators. Therefore, the network administrator must have a pair of nimble hands, has the very strong hands-on ability.

Network administrators must have a very keen ability to observe, especially when debugging a program or when a hardware or software failure occurs. Error messages, computer tweets, blinking status of LEDs, and display colors can be a side hint of the cause of the failure. The more detailed the observation of the fault phenomenon. The more comprehensive, the greater the chance of troubleshooting. In addition, through timely observation, but also in time to eliminate potential network hidden dangers.

Network administrator almost daily access to network equipment and servers and other hardware, so successful network manager in addition to a certain degree of self-study ability, update their own knowledge structure, but also need to master the hardware knowledge of the network. The following is a list of common hardware aspects of the knowledge content.

1, Server and workstation

Server is the backbone of the network and the core of information, the server is a high-performance computer, its composition such as CPU (central processing unit), memory, hard disk, various bus, etc., can provide a variety of shared services (network, Web applications, databases, files, printing, etc.) and other aspects of high-performance applications, Its high performance mainly manifests in the high speed computation ability, the long time reliable operation, the formidable external data throughput ability and so on.

At present, foreign servers have IBM, HP, Sun and Dell brands, domestic servers have waves, Lenovo, Shuguang and other brands.

Workstation, English name for workstation, is a personal computer and distributed network Computing as the foundation, mainly for the professional application field. Depending on the software and hardware platform, workstations are generally divided into Unix system workstations based on RISC (compact instruction System) architecture and Windows and Intel PC workstations.

The UNIX workstation is a high-performance professional workstation with a powerful processor (formerly used RISC chips) and optimized memory, I/O (input/output), graphics subsystem, using proprietary processors (Alpha, MIPS, power, etc.), memory and graphics hardware systems, Proprietary UNIX operating systems that are not compatible with applications for specific hardware platforms.

PC workstations are based on high-performance X86 processors, using stable Windows NT and Windows2000, Windows XP, and other operating systems, with a graphics system that conforms to professional graphics standards (OpenGL), plus high-performance storage, I/O (input/output), Network and other subsystems to meet the requirements of professional software operation; The workstation with NT, WIN2000 and XP is a standard and open system platform to minimize the cost of ownership.

At present, many vendors have introduced workstations suitable for different user groups, such as IBM, Dell (Dell), HP (HP) and so on.

The installation, configuration, operation and maintenance of server and workstation system are also one of the important qualities that successful network administrators must possess.

2. Router

Routers are the key equipment of network connection, as the hub of interconnection between different networks, the router system constitutes the main node of Internet based on TCP/IP, and it can be said that the router constructs the skeleton of Internet, Its processing speed and reliability directly affect the quality of network interconnection.

There are two ways to configure a router: One is through the router's configuration port, using a computer or terminal to configure, and the second is to use the network through Telnet command to configure. However, the premise of adopting the second method is that the user has correctly configured the IP address of each interface of the router, so the first method is more versatile.

At present, the production of routers manufacturers, foreign mainly Cisco (Cisco) Companies, Nortel Networks, domestic manufacturers including Huawei and so on. As a network administrator, must be able to master the router installation and commissioning, this is a successful network administrator must have one of the qualities.

3, switches and hubs (hub)

The English name of the switch is called "switch", it is the upgrading of the hub of the product, from the appearance, it and the hub is basically not much different, are the cuboid with multiple ports. The switch is according to the communication both ends transmission information need, uses the manual or the equipment automatic completion method to send transmits the information to meet the request the corresponding route the technical general designation. The main functions of the switch include physical address, network topology, error checking, frame sequence and flow control. At present, some high-end switches also have some new functions, such as the VLAN (virtual local area network) support, link convergence support, and even some have the function of Routing and firewall.

The switch is a kind of network device which is based on MAC address recognition and can complete the encapsulation and forwarding data packet function. At present, the main switch manufacturers to foreign Cisco (Cisco), 3COM, Annette as the representative, the domestic mainly Huawei, D-link and so on.

Hub in English called "Hub", the main function of the hub is to connect the received signal to regenerate plastic amplification to enlarge the transmission distance of the network, at the same time, all the nodes in the focus on it as the center node. The hub belongs to the pure hardware network bottom equipment, basically does not have the "intelligent memory" ability and "the learning" ability like the switch. It also does not have the MAC address table that the switch has, so it is not targeted when it sends the data, but it is sent by radio.

Master the installation and configuration of switches, as well as the day-to-day treatment of switch failures, but also a successful network administrator must have one of the qualities.

4, Firewall and Intrusion detection system (IDS)

The English name of firewall is "FireWall", it is one of the most important network protection equipment at present. Professionally, a firewall is a collection of sets of components that are located between two (or more) networks and implement access control between networks. Firewalls can isolate an enterprise's internal local area network (LAN) from the Internet or with other external networks, and restrict the use of network visits to protect the internal network.

At present, the domestic firewall is almost occupied by foreign brands in half of the market, the advantages of foreign brands are mainly in technology and visibility than domestic products higher. and domestic firewall manufacturers to the domestic user understand more thoroughly, the price also has the superiority. Firewall products, foreign mainstream manufacturers for Cisco (Cisco), CheckPoint, NetScreen, and so on, the mainstream domestic manufacturers for the East soft, Tin Rong letter, Lenovo, founder and so on, they provide different levels of firewall products.

Intrusion detection System (ids,intrusion detection Systems). Professionally speaking, according to a certain security policy, the network, the operation of the system monitoring, as far as possible to discover a variety of attack attempts, attacks or attacks, to ensure the confidentiality of network system resources, integrity and availability.

In essence, the intrusion detection system is a typical "spy device". It does not span multiple physical network segments (usually only one listening port) without forwarding any traffic, but only passively and noiselessly collects the messages it cares about on the network.

As an important part of network security, firewall and IDs are the most commonly used security devices, so mastering the installation, configuration and application of firewall and IDs is one of the qualities that must be possessed by the successful administrator.

5, Other hardware equipment

In the integrated wiring equipment, in addition to the most important transmission media, such as twisted pair and fiber optic cable, there are many wiring equipment in use. Commonly used with RJ45 plugs, information outlets, wiring racks, fiber optic connectors, stripping pliers, wire clamp, wire clamp, network cable modules and measuring equipment, network operators must learn to use skilled operation.

In networked storage, a disk array is a system that makes several towers drives as a whole, and the entire disk array is managed by an array controller. A tape library is a tape-based backup system, like a tape drive that automatically loads, consisting of multiple drives, multiple slots, robotic arms, and automatic tape removal and reloading by robotic arms. It provides the same basic automatic backup and data recovery capabilities, but with more advanced technical features. Master the installation of network storage equipment, operation and use is also the administrator must learn.

In the framework of wireless LAN, the wireless router, wireless network Bridge AP, Wireless LAN, antennas and other WLAN products for installation, commissioning and application operations.

In short, as a successful network administrator must have a certain understanding of all kinds of networking equipment, in the specific treatment of each network product use to be careful, in a certain network environment to ensure the normal operation of the equipment, so after hard work, good practice, diligent summary, network administrator must have a "wide" and "professional" quality, Only in this way can a truly successful network administrator.