- Spring is an open source framework that has been created to address the complexities of enterprise application development, but is now more than just a business application.
- Spring is a lightweight control inversion (IoC) and facet-oriented (AOP) container framework
Spring is lightweight, both in terms of size and overhead.
--The goal of loose coupling is achieved by the technique of inversion of control (IoC)
-Provides rich support for aspect-oriented programming, allowing for the development of cohesive applications by separating the business logic of the application from the system-level services
--Contains and manages the configuration and life cycle of the Application object (Bean), in this sense a container.
--This is a framework in which simple components are configured and combined into complex applications.
The Spring framework is a layered architecture consisting of 7 well-defined modules. The Spring module is built on top of the core container, and the core container defines how the beans are created, configured, and managed, as shown in 1
Each module (or component) that makes up the Spring framework can exist separately or be implemented in conjunction with one or more other modules. The functions of each module are as follows:
- Core Container : The core container provides the basic functionality of the Spring framework. The main component of the core container is
BeanFactory that it is the implementation of the factory pattern. BeanFactoryUse the inversion of Control (IOC) pattern to separate the application's configuration and dependency specifications from the actual application code.
- Spring Context : The spring context is a configuration file that provides contextual information to the spring framework. The Spring context includes enterprise services such as JNDI, EJB, e-mail, internationalization, checksum scheduling.
- Spring AOP: With the configuration management feature, the Spring AOP module directly integrates aspect-oriented programming capabilities into the spring framework. Therefore, it is easy to enable any object managed by the Spring framework to support AOP. The spring AOP module provides transaction management services for objects in spring-based applications. By using Spring AOP, you can integrate declarative transaction management into your application without relying on EJB components.
- Spring DAO: The JDBC DAO abstraction layer provides a meaningful exception hierarchy that can be used to manage exception handling and error messages thrown by different database vendors. The exception hierarchy simplifies error handling and greatly reduces the number of exception codes that need to be written (such as opening and closing connections). Spring DAO's JDBC-oriented exception conforms to the common DAO exception hierarchy.
- Spring ORM: The Spring Framework inserts several ORM frameworks, providing ORM object-relational tools, including JDO, Hibernate, and IBatis SQL Map. All of these conform to Spring's common transaction and DAO exception hierarchies.
- Spring Web Module : The Web context module is built on top of the application context module and provides the context for Web-based applications. Therefore, the Spring framework supports integration with Jakarta Struts. The Web module also simplifies the process of working with multipart requests and binding request parameters to domain objects.
- Spring MVC Framework : The MVC framework is a full-featured MVC implementation of building WEB applications. With the policy interface, the MVC framework becomes highly configurable, and MVC accommodates a large number of view technologies, including JSP, Velocity, Tiles, IText, and POI.
The functionality of the Spring framework can be used in any Java EE server, and most features are also available in an out-of-management environment. The core point of Spring is to support reusable business and data access objects that are not tied to a particular Java EE service. There is no doubt that such objects can be reused across different Java EE environments (Web or EJB), standalone applications, and test environments.
What is Spring?
