Introduction to Linux computer introduction to Linux

Cpu:

The inside of the CPU can be divided into two main units: arithmetic Logic Unit and control unit.

The arithmetic logic unit is mainly used for program operation and logic judgment, and the control unit is mainly used to coordinate the work of various components and units.

The CPU can be divided into two basic types:

Streamline instruction sets and complex instruction set systems.

Streamlined instruction set:

Each instruction is more streamlined, the execution time is short, and the operation done is relatively simple. The performance of the instructions is better, but to achieve complex functions, multiple instructions are required to complete. The common micro-instruction set CPU has Sun's SPARC series, IBM's Power Architecture series and arm series.

We often use the phones, switches. Router, the CPU of the navigation device is basically the ARM series. SPARC is often used in large workstations, such as the main server of a banking financial system.

Complex instruction Set:

CPUs for X86 architectures such as AMD and Intel.

About X86: Because Intel initially developed this CPU model is more 8086,80286,80386, so later called X86 architecture. The 64-bit X86 is also called x86_64.

Operating system

Operating system Kernel (Kernel): The operating system kernel is used to manage a complex set of programs for CPU, memory, hard disk, network, various other input, etc.

System call: The kernel provides APIs that invoke kernel functionality.

Kernel Features:

• System call interface (that is, the above systems called)
• Program Management: Process Management CPU Scheduling
• Memory Management: Memory management virtual Memory memory Exchange
• File System Management: File system format (such as NTFS), input and output.
• Device drivers

About device drivers:

• For graphics cards, hard drives, network cards, and so on, the operating system requires drivers to be able to use the hardware.
• Generally speaking, the operating system provides the interface, the developer follows the interface to make their driver.
• Drivers are also provided by developers, regardless of the operating system developer.

Introduction to Linux computer introduction to Linux