For new PCB users, see problems in Protel

1. How to add a part of a schematic diagram to another schematic diagram?
A: block copy is used. First, make the part of the schematic to be copied into a block, store it with other file names, and then call the target schematic to use the block READ command.
Ii. Why are some networks not connected due to the inconsistency between the final plate layout and the schematic diagram?
A: This situation is very likely to happen. It is true that the schematic diagram is obviously connected. The final plate-making diagram is also compared with the network table generated by the schematic diagram, no connected network is found. This problem occurs in the schematic diagram. The schematic diagram seems to be connected. Because of the inconsistency and specification of the draw line, they are not connected to the table. The following is a non-standard link:
C. The breakpoint connection of the component is exceeded;
The two parts of the C connection are duplicated;
C when connecting the schematic diagram, try to do the following:
1. Connect to the component endpoint;
2. The components are connected through the first line as far as possible, and the method of directly connecting their endpoints is rarely implemented, so the thin line connection is applied in the middle.
3. There are several types of schedit straight lines. What are their purposes?
A: schedit has four connections:
1 thin signal line
2 thick signal rough signal line
3 bus
4 dashed dashes
C in general: thin signal (fine signal line) is the most commonly used, thick signal (rough signal line) is mostly used for large wires or need to increase the display, bus (bus) is mostly used for local wires, for example, data bus, address bus, and control bus are not directly connected. Dashed is mostly used to enclose a part of the schematic to form a function module, you can use dashed to separate them.
4. How can I speed up operations on the same link?
A: Use the Repeat command ). The change command is used to repeat the just-completed palce operation. The palce (wiring) parameter is, the number of repeat times 6 device name jump variable, the same length in the X direction, and the same length in the Y direction.
5. How to modify the network in the network file?
6. How does one print the title?
A: run the option command on the schplot Main Menu. The sub-command selection includes the title block option. This option is the title LAN switch. If you select on, the title is printed. If you select off, the title is not printed.
7. Do I have to customize borders for each layer of the printed board?
A: No. Draw a border on the keep out lager (the control layer in the wiring prohibited area.
8. Why cannot the power supply layer be displayed as a flying line or an automatic wiring?
A: When you deploy the dual panel, pay attention to the settings of the power supply and ground line network (generally VCC And Gnd. If you want to display the flying lines of the power cords and Ground Wires during cabling and can automatically route them, make the following settings before transferring them to the network table: the netlis menu, power planes at the vertex, disconnect net from plane power supply and ground line network at the last vertex are left empty. After this setting, the ground line and power line will be the same as other signal lines, otherwise the power line and the ground line will be treated as a layer and connected, and they will not be checked for future network checks.
9. How can I create a printed board on both sides of the printed board?
A: set the parameters.
10. What problems should I pay attention to when making printed boards?
A: When you draw a line, it is best not to draw a line in a segment. It is best to draw a line all the time.
2 It is best to place the component pad on the intersection of the grid.
3. the unused parts are filled with land and made into a grid.
4. After the layout is printed, use two methods to check whether the network is correct or not. DRC and generate a network table are compared with the desire table.
5 printed board components are evenly arranged, and the cables are evenly arranged and partitioned by functional modules.
6. The ground line goes more horizontally, and the power line goes more vertically.
7. The ground line direction is perpendicular to the Integration Circuit direction to reduce the chance of short circuit.
11. What are the general steps for designing printed circuit boards?
Answer: 1. First, design the circuit schematic.
2. Generate a network table after the schematic diagram is correct.
3. Transfer the network table to the software.
4 Layout, mostly manual layout.
5 pre-wiring.
6. If the traffic distribution rate is high, you can proceed to the next step. Otherwise, you can return to Step 4 to relay the layout.
7. Manually wiring some key networks (such as power cords and Ground Wires ).
8. Use automatic cabling for general signal lines.
9. Manually distribute the remaining unused cables.
10. Perform a network check by using the DRC function, and then generate a network table from the Printed Board. The network table generated by the schematic diagram is compared. If it is equal, the figure is basically complete.
12. Why cannot I transfer all components in the network?
A: The components in the network are defined in the library of the printed layout. For example, the three pins of a transistor are defined as B, C, and E in the schematic. In the plate-making design library, it is defined as 1, 2, and 3. Because they cannot compare them, they naturally cannot be called in. The solution should be to change the components in the printed board design library to be consistent with those defined in the schematic diagram.
13. What layer of text should I place?
A: It can be placed on the Silk Screen Layer and printed on the circuit board. If it is placed on the Component layer, the circuit board is made of corrosive copper!
14. How to convert the Protel circuit diagram Into an image?
A: use win's own image capture function, which is available on the keyboard.
15. What should I do if the custom tool buttons and shortcut keys cannot be saved?
A: If you are using protel98, set client98. ~ in the Windows folder .~ The attribute of the CS file is changed from read-only to archive.
16. How do I modify the attributes of Components in batches in the Protel 99 schematic and printing diagram?
A: In the component Properties dialog box, press the clobal> button to bring up the overall editing dialog box and set it in it.
17. What should I do if the first child always appears when the component with child parts is placed?
A: Set the part field on the attributee page in the component Properties dialog box.
18. Can I write the sequence number of the element symbol in the Sch diagram as a subscript?
A: No.
19. In the schematic diagram of PROTEL 99 and the printing plate diagram, how to deal with the linkage components (such as the potentiometer with a switch and the tuning capacitor)
A: Draw a dotted line using drawing tool bar Drawing tools in sch. This problem does not exist in PCB.
20. Whether automatic cabling automatically generates pass Holes
A: Yes.
When drawing a Sch diagram, such as Protel 98,99, the vast majority of components (such as resistors, capacitors, and transistors) cannot be selected as the encapsulation number, that is, the footprint selection column is none available, according to my understanding, resistors, capacitors, and transistors should have common encapsulation numbers available. A: The encapsulation numbers of the vast majority of components (such as resistors, capacitors, and transistors) must be manually input, that is, there is no default encapsulation (for example, 555 is encapsulated as dip8 by default ). Axial0.3 and axial0.4 ..., the capacitor is rb.2 /. 4. rb.4 /. 8, the diode is rad0.1, rad0.2... (The larger the number behind them, the larger the distance between the two feet), the transistor is to-3, to-5, to-18 .... If you do not know the specific encapsulation of components, you can enter the PCB editor. In the Browse drop-down menu on the right of the window, select libraries (library). After protel98 is installed, the default library is advpcb. lib (click Add/Remove if none exist ). The text box below components shows the encapsulation of different components. Click it to view its encapsulation shape.
22. How does protel99 change the width of all line segments on the same layer?
A: Double-click any part. You can change it in the global option in the pop-up attribute window.
23. Is the mil of PROTEL 99 an English system? How many centimeters is it?
A: You can change it to a metric value of 1/1000 inch and 0.00254.
24. encapsulation can be found in the library file, but the specifications of each package's corresponding components are unknown, I only wrote axial0.3 -- axial1.0 but I don't know what the resistance is for each encapsulation. What should I do?
Answer: footprint is encapsulation. It is closely related to the component size and pins. It must be set in advance when making PCB.: axial_0.3 is generally used for 1/8 resistance (it is related to the Protel version. Different versions may be different. You can view the relevant PCB: Library File): Small capacitor: rad_0.1, rad_0.2: large capacitor: RB _. 2 /. 4: integrated circuit: dip_n (n is the number of pins): do not repeat the rest.
25. What is the difference between Protel versions?
A: There is no essential difference between the protel98/99/99 se operation methods, but the management methods of interfaces and engineering files are changed, introduction to the pt98/99/99 se book, just take a flip. In fact, pt98/99/99 se is very studious. If it is just a schematic diagram and printed board, you will be familiar with it several times.
26. Is the success rate of Automatic wiring 100%?
A: unless it is a very simple board, Automatic wiring is generally the first time wiring, which requires manual optimization and must be done, however, there are still many improvements to the current software in this regard. I usually deploy the layout first, then automatically deploy the layout, then adjust the layout, and then automatically deploy the layout. Finally, the "decisive battle" --- manual wiring.
27. I drew a schematic in SCH, turned it off after saving the disk, and then opened the schematic. There was nothing in it. What is the problem? It seems that it cannot be saved.
A: Is the Protel demo version used by you? I have seen that a demo version of protel98 cannot store disks, and you may have the same problem. We recommend that you install a crack version.
28. How do I specify the encapsulation form of Components in Protel for win?
Answer: 1. Specify
In the schematic, change the footprint of the component to the name of the PCB library package. Then generate the network table, add the required encapsulation library in the PCB, and load the components at the same time when you call the network table.
2. Specify
Directly place the required component encapsulation in the PCB, set the designator to be consistent with the schematic, and then re-import the network table.