Forward: Fang zhouzi: does a person's personality depend on genes?

The first Chinese martial arts cartoon is being played. Some people think that the film is "low-level content, full of violence, affection, dirty mouth, intimidation, and threat". The children watch it for a long time, "it will have a very serious adverse effect", so I requested to stop playing the film. However, a children's literature writer, known as the "fairy tale King", dismissed the question and told reporters: "What do I think about a child is basically determined by genetics. I am not very clear about the impact of the environment on my children the day after tomorrow, but what are my parents and what should I do for a child ."
If not, the comment of the "fairy tale King" is self-contradictory. Since he does not know how much the environment affects, Why can he assert that a child's character is basically determined by genetics? Similar genetic factors have little environmental impact. However, we must remember that genetic and environmental factors cannot be completely separated, but they are mixed and interact with each other. In this sense, it is impossible to distinguish the factors that affect personality from the genetic and environmental factors. Simply put, genetics, environment, and often overlooked random factors all have an important impact on human nature. Darwin once profoundly pointed out that those who stubbornly stick to the genetic theory and think that everything is doomed are actually shirking social responsibility: "If the tragedy of the poor is not caused by the laws of nature but by our system, then our sins will be great." The fairy tale works of the "fairy tale king" has also been criticized, believing that they are not suitable for children to read and will adversely affect the growth of children. This may explain why he knows that he doesn't know how much the environment affects the day after tomorrow, but he wants to assert that the child's character is basically determined by genetics. Whether violent cartoons and fairy tales have adverse effects on children can certainly be discussed. However, it is not necessary to deny that children's growth will be affected by adverse circumstances. Editors and writers need more social responsibility when selling their work to children. 2007.2.28 (Economic Observer 2007.3.5.) (xys20070305) ◇ (www.xys.org) (xys.dxiong.com) (xys.3322.org) (xys.xlogit.com) ◇
The view of the fairy tale King is a so-called genetic theory. A person's character is basically determined by nature, or is influenced by the environment the day after tomorrow. It used to be a question of endless debate. Genetic deterministic theory has always been regarded as reactionary and conservative, while environmental deterministic theory is regarded as progressive and enlightened. Although the debate is fierce, rigorous and objective scientific research has been lacking in the past, either out of social prejudice or out of good desires. Only in the past two decades have we had a relatively reliable scientific research, and we can reach a conclusion on the impact of genes and environment on human personality.
In terms of genetics, to study the relationship between genes and the environment, we can design a simple experiment: to control the growth of individuals with the same genome (that is, clone) in different environments, compare the result. The same egg twins have the same genome and are good experimental materials. However, we cannot take people for such a control experiment, but we can only conduct investigation and statistics.
There are two methods. One is to compare the similarities and differences between the same and the two. The same egg twins are split and developed by the same fertilized egg. Their genome is the same and the genetic similarity reaches 100%. Two (or more) eggs are developed separately by two (or more) Different fertilized eggs produced by sperm fertilization, although they are in the same uterus at the same time, their genetic similarity is the same as that of the two children of the same pair of parents at different times, with an average of 50%. If the similarity between a behavior feature and the same child is not higher than that of the same child, we can think that this feature has a weak genetic level. If, on the contrary, a single child has a higher degree of similarity in a behavior feature than a single child, it is likely to be affected by heredity.
Another method is to compare the same-egg twins that were raised in different families and that were raised in the same family shortly after birth. This approach is based on the idea that twins raised in different families have different growth environments, so their similarity can be considered to be caused by the same genes. This is not completely reliable because the twins have been in the same environment (mother's womb) for at least nine months before being raised separately, and have been raised in different families, it does not mean that the growth environment is completely different, and there may be very similar environmental factors.
No matter which method is used, it is not necessary to compare cases, but to conduct surveys and statistics on a large number of twins. In the world, there have been a number of such surveys, one of the largest of which is the responsibility of researchers at the University of mineshu. They have studied more than 8000 identical and abnormal twins, these include more than 130 pairs of identical twins who grew up in different families. The reason why they can find so many single-handed twins that have been raised separately is due to a miserable period in American history: the great economic recession in the third and fourth centuries forced many poor families to separately raise their newborn twins. It may be difficult to have such research opportunities in the future.
The researchers conducted in-depth interviews with the twins to understand their living environment and their views on social, religious, and philosophical issues, use a series of psychological tests to determine their professional interests, thinking abilities, and personality tendencies. The results show that the similarity between the twins is significantly greater than that between the twins. The result of the university study was that the correlation between the twins who grew up together was an average of 0.46 (0 indicates that there is no similarity between the two, and 1 indicates that the two are identical ), the number of twins growing up separately is 0.45. This shows the degree of personality correlation between the twins and whether they grow up in the same or different environments. An average of 0.26 personality correlation between the two child twins grew up separately, about half of the same child, which is consistent with the genetic similarity of the two. The correlation obtained from the same and different twins can be used to calculate the correlation between genetic differences and personality differences. On average, about 50% of personality differences are caused by genetic differences, or about half of the impact of genetic factors on personality. Genetic scientists call this number genetic rate. If the differences are completely caused by genetic differences, the genetic rate is 1. If the differences are unrelated to the genetic differences, the genetic rate is 0. The genetic rate of personality obtained from other similar studies is generally between 0.2 and 0.5.
It can be seen that the genetic and environmental factors are both wrong, and the influence of genetic and environmental factors on personality is about equally important. The greater the genetic difference between two people, the more different the environment, the greater the Personality difference. Two people have similar personalities mainly due to similar genetic factors, with little environmental impact. However, we must remember that genetic and environmental factors cannot be completely separated, but they are mixed and interact with each other. In this sense, it is impossible to distinguish the factors that affect personality from the genetic and environmental factors. Simply put, genetics, environment, and often overlooked random factors all have an important impact on human nature.
Darwin once profoundly pointed out that those who stubbornly stick to the genetic theory and think that everything is doomed are actually shirking social responsibility: "If the tragedy of the poor is not caused by the laws of nature but by our system, then our sins will be great." The fairy tale works of the "fairy tale king" has also been criticized, believing that they are not suitable for children to read and will adversely affect the growth of children. This may explain why he knows that he doesn't know how much the environment affects the day after tomorrow, but he wants to assert that the child's character is basically determined by genetics. Whether violent cartoons and fairy tales have adverse effects on children can certainly be discussed. However, it is not necessary to deny that children's growth will be affected by adverse circumstances. Editors and writers need more social responsibility when selling their work to children.
Twins raised by different families have different growth environments, so their similarity can be considered to be caused by the same genes. This is not completely reliable because the twins have been in the same environment (mother's womb) for at least nine months before being raised separately, and have been raised in different families, it does not mean that the growth environment is completely different, and there may be very similar environmental factors. No matter which method is used, it is not necessary to compare cases, but to conduct surveys and statistics on a large number of twins. In the world, there have been a number of such surveys, one of the largest of which is the responsibility of researchers at the University of mineshu. They have studied more than 8000 identical and abnormal twins, these include more than 130 pairs of identical twins who grew up in different families. The reason why they can find so many single-handed twins that have been raised separately is due to a miserable period in American history: the great economic recession in the third and fourth centuries forced many poor families to separately raise their newborn twins. It may be difficult to have such research opportunities in the future. The researchers conducted in-depth interviews with the twins to understand their living environment and their views on social, religious, and philosophical issues, use a series of psychological tests to determine their professional interests, thinking abilities, and personality tendencies. The results show that the similarity between the twins is significantly greater than that between the twins. The result of the university study was that the correlation between the twins who grew up together was an average of 0.46 (0 indicates that there is no similarity between the two, and 1 indicates that the two are identical ), the number of twins growing up separately is 0.45. This shows the degree of personality correlation between the twins and whether they grow up in the same or different environments. An average of 0.26 personality correlation between the two child twins grew up separately, about half of the same child, which is consistent with the genetic similarity of the two. The correlation obtained from the same and different twins can be used to calculate the correlation between genetic differences and personality differences. On average, about 50% of personality differences are caused by genetic differences, or about half of the impact of genetic factors on personality. Genetic scientists call this number genetic rate. If the differences are completely caused by genetic differences, the genetic rate is 1. If the differences are unrelated to the genetic differences, the genetic rate is 0. The genetic rate of personality obtained from other similar studies is generally between 0.2 and 0.5. It can be seen that the genetic and environmental factors are both wrong, and the influence of genetic and environmental factors on personality is about equally important. The greater the genetic difference between two people, the more different the environment, the greater the Personality difference. Two people have similar personalities mainly because
2007.2.28

(Economic Observer 2007.3.5 .)The first Chinese martial arts cartoon is being played. Some people think that the film is "low-level content, full of violence, affection, dirty mouth, intimidation, and threat". The children watch it for a long time, "it will have a very serious adverse effect", so I requested to stop playing the film. However, a children's literature writer, known as the "fairy tale King", dismissed the question and told reporters: "What do I think about a child is basically determined by genetics. I am not very clear about the impact of the environment on my children the day after tomorrow, but what are my parents and what should I do for a child ." If not, the comment of the "fairy tale King" is self-contradictory. Since he does not know how much the environment affects, Why can he assert that a child's character is basically determined by genetics? The view of the fairy tale King is a so-called genetic theory. A person's character is basically determined by nature, or is influenced by the environment the day after tomorrow. It used to be a question of endless debate. Genetic deterministic theory has always been regarded as reactionary and conservative, while environmental deterministic theory is regarded as progressive and enlightened. Although the debate is fierce, rigorous and objective scientific research has been lacking in the past, either out of social prejudice or out of good desires. Only in the past two decades have we had a relatively reliable scientific research, and we can reach a conclusion on the impact of genes and environment on human personality. In terms of genetics, to study the relationship between genes and the environment, we can design a simple experiment: to control the growth of individuals with the same genome (that is, clone) in different environments, compare the result. The same egg twins have the same genome and are good experimental materials. However, we cannot take people for such a control experiment, but we can only conduct investigation and statistics. There are two methods. One is to compare the similarities and differences between the same and the two. The same egg twins are split and developed by the same fertilized egg. Their genome is the same and the genetic similarity reaches 100%. Two (or more) eggs are developed separately by two (or more) Different fertilized eggs produced by sperm fertilization, although they are in the same uterus at the same time, their genetic similarity is the same as that of the two children of the same pair of parents at different times, with an average of 50%. If the similarity between a behavior feature and the same child is not higher than that of the same child, we can think that this feature has a weak genetic level. If, on the contrary, a single child has a higher degree of similarity in a behavior feature than a single child, it is likely to be affected by heredity. Another method is to compare the same-egg twins that were raised in different families and that were raised in the same family shortly after birth. This method is based on

(Xys20070305)
Twins raised by different families have different growth environments, so their similarity can be considered to be caused by the same genes. This is not completely reliable because the twins have been in the same environment (mother's womb) for at least nine months before being raised separately, and have been raised in different families, it does not mean that the growth environment is completely different, and there may be very similar environmental factors. No matter which method is used, it is not necessary to compare cases, but to conduct surveys and statistics on a large number of twins. In the world, there have been a number of such surveys, one of the largest of which is the responsibility of researchers at the University of mineshu. They have studied more than 8000 identical and abnormal twins, these include more than 130 pairs of identical twins who grew up in different families. The reason why they can find so many single-handed twins that have been raised separately is due to a miserable period in American history: the great economic recession in the third and fourth centuries forced many poor families to separately raise their newborn twins. It may be difficult to have such research opportunities in the future. The researchers conducted in-depth interviews with the twins to understand their living environment and their views on social, religious, and philosophical issues, use a series of psychological tests to determine their professional interests, thinking abilities, and personality tendencies. The results show that the similarity between the twins is significantly greater than that between the twins. The result of the university study was that the correlation between the twins who grew up together was an average of 0.46 (0 indicates that there is no similarity between the two, and 1 indicates that the two are identical ), the number of twins growing up separately is 0.45. This shows the degree of personality correlation between the twins and whether they grow up in the same or different environments. An average of 0.26 personality correlation between the two child twins grew up separately, about half of the same child, which is consistent with the genetic similarity of the two. The correlation obtained from the same and different twins can be used to calculate the correlation between genetic differences and personality differences. On average, about 50% of personality differences are caused by genetic differences, or about half of the impact of genetic factors on personality. Genetic scientists call this number genetic rate. If the differences are completely caused by genetic differences, the genetic rate is 1. If the differences are unrelated to the genetic differences, the genetic rate is 0. The genetic rate of personality obtained from other similar studies is generally between 0.2 and 0.5. It can be seen that the genetic and environmental factors are both wrong, and the influence of genetic and environmental factors on personality is about equally important. The greater the genetic difference between two people, the more different the environment, the greater the Personality difference. Two people have similar personalities mainly because
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