Getting started-exclusive technical terms

Tires

The temperature of a racing car increases during the race, for example, the temperature of an F1 tire increases to close to the melting point of the tire. The higher the temperature, the higher the friction, and the faster the wear. There is no pattern for the dry ground tires of F1. In order to limit the speed and reduce the friction, the FIA changed to three circles and four circles on the front wheel and the rear wheel respectively in 98 years, and changed the front wheel to four circles in 99 years. (The textbook says that friction has nothing to do with the contact area, but this is not the case for rubber whose temperature is as high as the melting temperature .)

Understeer and oversteer

Understeer, tune the rear wheel anti-roll bar and spring, and tune the rear wheel ARB and spring.

Oversteer. The method for reducing oversteer chances is the opposite of the above method. In case of oversteer, the remedy is to immediately turn the steering wheel in the opposite direction. For example, if an oversteer occurs during a right turn, that is, the rear wheel slides to the left. In this case, the steering wheel is turned to the left and the front of the car is also moved to the left. In this way, the car may be prevented from moving on. When the possibility is high, it depends on the driver's response and the performance of the car. If the exercise has more conditioned reflection, the driver will respond faster. This can also be reflected in more real racing games (such as mgprs2, gp2, toa2, Viper racing, and nfs1. Brake Bias refers to the ratio of front wheel to rear wheel brake efficiency. Generally, it is adjusted to achieve the efficiency balance between the front and back brakes (not the value 50: 50), or to make the rear wheel brake a little more, but too much is easy to cause oversteer when the brakes are turned.

Inside the NFS 3 and 4 generations, the brakes can help turn, that is, the front and back brakes are relatively small. In reality, it will never be adjusted in this way, because it will certainly lead to a brake turn and tail out of control, the game is not out of control only becauseProgramSecretly help.

ABS

Anti-lock brake system. The so-called anti-lock refers to the power of the electric sub-system to control the brakes, reducing the force when the wheel is about to be locked, so that the wheel is in the critical state between the lock and the lock, the wheel does not slide and has the highest brake efficiency. If the wheel does not slide, it can avoid side sliding and swinging, and it is not easy to get out of control. According to my personal understanding: when the wheel does not slide, the friction with the ground is static friction, static friction is greater than the sliding friction, so the ABS system can make the brake performance higher. Most of the cars produced now have this system.

Digress:

I heard that the GSM mobile phone will affect the normal operation of the electronic system. That is to say, when someone calls the GSM phone in the car, the brakes may fail! (This news has been around for a long time. The report says there are already several examples of the accident. Several companies are trying to eliminate GSM interference .)

Most racing cars do not have an ABS system, but allow drivers to grasp the strength of the brakes themselves. During the competition, when the car brakes, the wheel smoke is caused by the heavy force of the driver on the brakes and the wheel lock. The traction control power subsystem controls traction, which is opposite to ABS. This prevents drivers from hitting the accelerator when the vehicle speed is low, causing the drive wheel to slide, improving the acceleration efficiency, and reducing the wear of the drive wheel. Similarly, most cars do not have this system. Toe: the angle between the wheel direction and the car body is called toe. toe is divided into toe-in and toe-out. In the figure, the front wheel toe-out and the rear wheel toe-in. This method is usually used for a level equation.

When the car turns, the body "Weight Transfer" to the outside. The pressure on the outer wheel is much greater than that on the inside, so the outer wheel is more effective than the inside. when the brakes are turned, the weight is transferred to the front end, the pressure on the front wheel is greater than that on the rear wheel. The rear wheel drive tends to oversteer, while the front wheel drive tends to understeer.

According to the above theory, the function of the front wheel toe-out of the F1 racing car is to increase understeer during the loading and deceleration to reduce the chance of oversteer. The rear wheel toe-in plays a similar role in the acceleration of the exit and bending.

Because of the deviation between the wheel surface direction and the actual movement direction of the car, the wear of the tires will inevitably increase, so the toe angle is actually less than 1 degree, which cannot be seen by the naked eye, the angle in the figure is exaggerated just to make it clear. The Camber wheel surface is not perpendicular to the ground. The angle between the wheel surface and the vertical surface is called Camber. Most cars adopt Camber. Camber's role is to make the wheel and the ground in contact with the surface inside and outside the ring temperature equivalent. In the exercise and timing competitions, when a racing car enters the pit, the staff must measure the temperature of three circles inside and outside each tire. If the outer ring temperature is higher than the inner ring, the camber angle will be increased ......

The middle ring temperature is related to the tire pressure (tyre pressure. The TP is large, the ground resistance is small, and the acceleration is fast, but the friction is also small, and the turning performance is reduced.

Car training is a complex and arduous task. Because there are internal contradictions in each part of the training, for example, the larger the downforce, the better the turning performance, but the worse the acceleration performance. The larger the toe angle, the more stable the turning, but the faster the wear and tear. However, complicated connections also exist between different adjustments.

When is the balance between the two sides of the conflict achieved? You only need to try it. A good technician can achieve a good balance in a short period of time, which has a great effect on the team's performance. Good drivers have a deep understanding of the performance of the racing car. They can provide specific and accurate feedback to technicians to help technicians adjust their education. Therefore, the good cooperation between drivers and the team also has an important impact on the performance of the team and the team.