HBV (_baruch) Samuel Blumberg

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Baruch Samuel Blumberg
Born	July 28, 1925 Brooklyn, New York, U.S.
Died	April 5, (aged 85) Mountain View, California, U.S.
Nationality	American
Fields	Biochemistry, physiology
Institutions	Fox Chase Cancer Center University of Pennsylvania NASA astrobiology Institute
Alma Mater	Union College Balliol College, Oxford College of physicians and surgeons
Known for	Hepatitis B virus
Notable awards	Nobel Prize in Medicine (1976)
Spouse	Jean Liebesman (M. 1954)
Children	Jane, Anne, George and Noah.
Notes [1]

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Baruch Samuel Blumberg (July 28, 1925–april 5,)-known as Barry Blumberg -was an American physician, geneticist, and Co-recipie NT of the 1976 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (with Daniel Carleton Gajdusek) for he work on the hepatitis B virus While a investigator at the NIH. ^{[2] He was president of the American Philosophical Society from 2005 until He death.}

Blumberg received the Nobel Prize for "Discoveries concerning new mechanisms for the origin and dissemination of Infectiou s diseases. " Blumberg identified the hepatitis B virus and later developed its diagnostic test and vaccine. ^[2][3]

Contents

• 1 biography
  • 1.1 early Life and education
  • 1.2 Scientific career
  • 1.3 death
• 2 see also
• 3 references
• 4 Span class= "Toctext" >further reading
• 5 external links

biographyEarly Life and education

Blumberg was born in Brooklyn, New York, the son of Ida (Simonoff) and Meyer Blumberg, a lawyer.^{[4][5] He First Attended the orthodox Yeshivah of Flatbush for elementary school, where he learned to read and write in Hebrew and to stud Y the Bible and Jewish texts in their original language. (that school also had among it students a contemporary of Blumberg, Eric Kandel, who's another recipient of the Nobel Pr Ize in medicine.) Blumberg then attended to Rockaway High School on the early 1940s, a School that also produced fellow laureates Burton Ri Chter and Richard Feynman. [6] Blumberg served as a U.S. Navy deck officer during World War ii.[2" He then attended Union College in Schenectady, New York and graduated from there with Honors in 1946. [7]}

Originally entering the graduate program in mathematics at Columbia University, Blumberg switched to medicine and enrolled At Columbia's College of physicians and surgeons, from which he received him m.d. In 1951. He remained at Columbia Presbyterian Medical Center for the next four years, first as an intern and then as a resident. He then began graduate work in biochemistry at Balliol College, Oxford and earned him Ph.D there in 1957 as well as Eventu Ally being the first American to be master there. ^[8]

Scientific Career1999 press conference at which Blumberg is introduced as the first director of the NASA astrobiology Institute

Throughout the 1950s, Blumberg traveled the world taking human blood samples and studying the inherited variations in H Uman beings, focusing on what some people contracted diseases in similar environments that others did not. In 1964, while studying yellow jaundice, he discovered a surface antigen for hepatitis B in the blood of an Australian ABO Rigine. ^{[9] Blumberg and his team were able to develop a screening test for the virus to PR Event it spread in blood donations and developed a vaccine. Blumberg later freely distributed his vaccine patent in order to promote their fielding by drug companies. Deployment of the vaccine reduced the infection rate of hepatitis B in children in China from 15% to 1% in Years.[10]}

Blumberg became a member of the Fox Chase cancer Center in Philadelphia in 1964, and held the rank of University profes Sor of Medicine and anthropology at the University of Pennsylvania starting in 1977. Concurrently, he was the Master of Balliol College from 1989 to 1994. He was elected a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1994.^{[11" from 1999 to 2002, he is also director of the NASA astrobiology Institute at the Ames Center in Moffett F Ield, California. [12][13][14]}

In November 2004, Blumberg was named chairman of the scientific advisory Board of the Therapeutics Corporation,^{[15] A position he held until his death. As chairman he convened three conferences on nanomedical and telemedical technology, [+] as well asguiding the Biotec Hnology Company into the development of a broad-spectrum anti-viral medicine.}

Beginning in 2005, Blumberg also served as the president of the American Philosophical Society. He had been first elected to membership in the Society in 1986. ^[+]

In October Blumberg participated in the USA Science and Engineering Festival ' s Lunch with a laureate program whereby Middle and school students of the Greater Washington D.C., Northern Virginia and Maryland area get to engage Formal conversation with a Nobel prize–winning scientist over a brown-bag lunch. ^{[+] Blumberg came to General George A. McCall Elementary on Sept.}

In a interview with the New York times in 2002 he stated that "[saving lives] are what drew me to medicine. There is, in Jewish thought, this idea so if you save a single life and you Save the whole world. ^[+]

In discussing the factors that influenced he life, Blumberg always gave credits to the mental discipline of the Jewish Tal Mud, and as often as possible he attended weekly Talmud discussion classes until his death. ^[+]

Death

Blumberg died on April 5, [1] shortly after giving the keynote speech at the^{International Lunar the Park Ex Ploratory Workshop held at NASA Ames Center. At the time of his death Blumberg is a distinguished scientist at the NASA Lunar Science Institute, located at t He NASA Ames Center in Moffett Field, California.} [[+]]

Jonathan Chernoff, the scientific director at the Fox Chase cancer Center where Blumberg spent most of its working life Said, "I think it ' s fair to say that Barry prevented more cancer deaths than any person who's ever lived." ^{[24] in reference to Blumberg ' s discovery of the hepatitis B vaccine, former NASA Administrator Daniel Goldin said, "Our planet are an improved place as a result of Barry's few short days in residence." [25]}

His funeral is held on April in society Hill Synagogue, where he was a longtime member. ^{[citation needed] The eulogy was delivered by his son-in-law Mark Thompson, the director-general of the bbc.< C3>[26][27]}

HBV (_baruch) Samuel Blumberg