How should pregnant women eat?

Special Recommendation: In the middle of pregnancy, nutrition supplementation during pregnancy is not good for mother and baby

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PART1 three-stage supplementary nutrition principle

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Early pregnancy

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Most pregnant women in the early pregnancy, nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite and other pregnancy reactions, eat nothing fragrant, in this situation, how can nutritional intake be guaranteed?

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In the early pregnancy of expectant mothers are mostly affected by the pregnancy reaction, poor appetite, this stage, expectant mothers do not deliberately let themselves eat more, and with every day chicken and duck fish worry, rather than choose their favorite food, in order to enhance appetite. For greasy, appetite-suppressing foods, you don't have to eat.

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Nutrition Principle 1: Early pregnancy meal with light, easy digestion absorption is advisable.

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Nutrition Principle 2: Pregnant women should choose the food they like as much as possible.

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Nutrition Principle 3: In order to ensure the intake of protein, pregnant women can be properly supplemented with milk, eggs, beans, hard fruit food.

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Nutrition principle 4: Pay attention to folic acid in the early pregnancy, because folic acid is related to fetal nervous system development. If the lack of folic acid during pregnancy, it is easy to cause fetal neural tube defects, such as no brain or spina bifida, and the occurrence of harelip, cleft palate also increased. Many natural foods are rich in folic acid, a variety of green vegetables (such as spinach, lettuce, asparagus, cabbage, broccoli, etc.), and animal liver and kidney, beans, fruits (bananas, strawberries, oranges, etc.), dairy, etc. are rich in folic acid.

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Nutrition Principle 5: The supply of vitamins should be sufficient. If the expectant mother's pregnancy reaction seriously affected the normal eating, can be recommended by the doctor to properly supplement the vitamin tablets.

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A meal of ingenious arrangement

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Eat according to your own appetite, do not have to deliberately eating more or less food. Eat less and eat more, it is the main policy of pregnant women's diet during this period. This period, such as the taste of eating changes do not have to taboo, eat some sour food may increase appetite.

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Mid-pregnancy

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Into the middle of pregnancy, expectant mother's appetite gradually improved, at this time, many expectant mothers in the family's persuasion and full cooperation, began a large-scale nutrition supplement program. Not only to the previous period of nutritional loss to supplement back, but also in the late trimester appetite becomes worse before the nutrient storage enough.

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Mid-Pregnancy is a period of rapid fetal development, in the middle of pregnancy, the expectant mother weight increased rapidly. At this point, expectant mothers should add enough heat and nutrients to meet their own and fetal rapid growth needs. Pregnant women, of course, cannot afford to eat too much. Overeating not only causes the expectant mother to be overweight, but it may also lead to the onset of gestational diabetes.

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Nutrition Principle 1: Both meat and vegetables, weight and variety of food varieties.

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Nutrition Principle 2: Avoid picky eaters, partial eclipse, prevent the lack of minerals and trace elements.

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Nutrition Principle 3: Avoid eating too much fried, greasy food and sweets (including fruit), to prevent the appearance of self-weight gain too fast.

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Nutrition principle 4: Adequate attention to the supplementation of iron-rich foods, such as animal liver, blood and beef, to prevent iron deficiency anemia. Vitamin C supplementation can also increase the absorption of iron.

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Nutrition Principle 5: Pregnant women's demand for calcium increased, eat more calcium-containing foods, such as milk, soy products, shrimp and kelp and so on.

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A meal of ingenious arrangement

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This period of time the pregnancy spit has disappeared, expectant mother appetite better, fetal growth and development faster, therefore, expectant mothers pregnant women to fully absorb nutrition to ensure the needs of mother and baby, but do not consume too much carbohydrate food, to fully guarantee the intake of calcium, phosphorus, iron, protein, vitamins, and appropriate increase in coarse grains and calcium-containing food.

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Late pregnancy

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In the final sprint stage, the nutrient storage is especially important for the mother. A safe, healthy and reasonable diet is a necessary precondition for the birth of a fetus. However, some pregnant women with too much weight gain start to control their diet under the doctor's request, in order to prevent the fetus to grow too big, they have to put their own quot; shrink.

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The last 3 months is the fastest stage of fetal growth, pregnant women's diet to ensure the quality, variety complete. Due to the specific situation of each pregnant woman, the obstetrician usually according to the nutritional characteristics of the late pregnancy, combined with the specific situation of pregnant women to make appropriate adjustments to the diet of pregnant women.

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Nutrition Principle 1: Food guarantee quality, variety complete.

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Nutrition Principle 2: Appropriate increase in heat energy, protein and essential fatty acid intake (more fish can be beneficial to the supply of DHA), appropriate restrictions on carbohydrate and fat intake (that is, reduce the amount of rice, noodles and other staple food), eat less fruit, so as not to grow too large fetal, affecting the smooth delivery.

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Nutrition Principle 3: increase calcium and iron intake. Regular intake of milk, fish and soy products, shrimp, animal liver and blood iron content is very high, should be eaten regularly.

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Nutrition principle 4: Pay attention to the control of salt and water intake, so as to avoid swelling, or even cause the pregnancy;

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Nutrition Principle 5: For some foods with high energy, such as sugar, honey and other sweets should eat less to prevent loss of appetite, affecting the intake of other nutrients.

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Nutrition Principle 6: The choice of small size, high nutritional value of food, such as animal food, reduce the nutritional value of low-volume food, such as potatoes, sweet potatoes and so on.

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A meal of ingenious arrangement

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Expectant mothers adjust their recipes according to their weight gain and store the necessary energy for childbirth. Food seasoning should be as light as possible, eat less salt and soy sauce, it is difficult to swallow, you can use jam, vinegar to taste. You can eat fewer and more meals at ordinary times.

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PART2 Expectant mother Nutrition Overkill

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Many expectant mothers, once found themselves pregnant, began to worry about their lack of the lack of that, worried that the baby's nutrition is not complete. In their view, as long as it is useful for the fetus, should try to eat, so as not to let their belly in the baby lose in the starting line of physical development. In fact, some nutritional supplements too much is not good. The expectant mother eats too much, complements excessively, in the end the unfortunate is the baby in the belly. Moreover, some pregnant women just keep getting fat, but the baby in the belly doesn't enjoy much "blessing".

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So, what are some of the undesirable consequences of a nutrient overdose?

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Vitamin overdose

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Pregnant women taking more than 10,000 units per day (i.u.) Of vitamin A, there are 1/4 of opportunities to cause fetal malformations, such as congenital heart disease and deformity of the eyes, jaw, ears, and 1/4 more opportunities to cause mental retardation. If vitamin D supplementation is excessive (more than 15 mg per day), it is easy to cause calcification of soft tissue in pregnant women.

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Excess zinc supplementation

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If the expectant mother of zinc supplementation more than 45 mg per day, easy to cause premature delivery.

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The iron supplement should be cautious

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Pregnant women are advised to add iron when they are pregnant for more than 3 months. In general, pregnant women to replenish 30 mg of iron per day (unless there is severe anemia), the use of iron should be on an empty stomach and do not take calcium and magnesium, because calcium, magnesium can inhibit the absorption of iron.

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Fruit overdose

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Many expectant mothers eat fruit desperately for a healthy, beautiful baby, and even eat fruit as a vegetable. They all believe that eating fruit is the more.

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In fact, fruit does not replace vegetables. The cellulose content in the fruit is not high, but the cellulose in the vegetables is very high. Some fruits are high in sugar content (such as watermelon, grapes, etc.), excessive intake, may cause gestational diabetes.

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Older people don't realize that eating more fruit may lead to expectant mothers suffering from gestational diabetes.

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Excessive diet, overweight

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Pregnancy is not sickness. Some expectant mothers regard themselves as a long-term patient, in the 280 days of pregnancy, eat too much, too good, and too little exercise, resulting in a large amount of overweight.

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Expectant mother overweight brings the consequences is not to be slighted, not only in pregnancy will cause maternal complications increased, not conducive to fetal growth, in childbirth, there will be difficulties.

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Expectant mother reminds

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Supplement nutrition according to individual constitution

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Most expectant mothers are healthy. A woman who is healthy and nutritionally balanced before she is pregnant, she needs to properly supplement the food and nutrition required by her pregnancy under the guidance of a doctor, to ensure the intake of high-quality protein, vitamins, minerals and trace elements. Into the middle and later stages of pregnancy, the food containing high fat and sugar not only need to eat too much, but also to moderate control.

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And for the body thin, weight less than normal pregnant women, should try to eat as much as possible during pregnancy, increase food intake, so that the body has enough energy and calories, affordable to nurture a healthy baby's mission. Expectant mothers with multiple births should eat as much as possible to meet the nutritional needs of each child.

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For pregnant women who have a history of diabetes or high blood sugar during pregnancy, they should strictly monitor and control blood sugar during pregnancy, and arrange the daily recipes in strict accordance with the doctor's instructions.

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PART3 dietary taboos and misconceptions

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Pregnant women's diet is taboo

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Often listen to old people said that pregnant women can not eat hawthorn, Litchi, Longan also want to eat less. Do pregnant women's diets really have so much to pay attention to? In the end what food can not eat, which should eat less? Below we will show you some of the major taboos in your pregnancy diet.

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Pregnant woman Taboo 1: Hawthorn fruit and its products, pregnant women do not eat appropriate. Modern medicine confirms: Hawthorn has a contraction effect on women's uterus, if pregnant women eat hawthorn food, it will stimulate uterine contraction, and even lead to abortion.

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Pregnant women Taboo 2: Pregnant women should avoid eating hot food, because the hot food to aggravate the body heat, preventing the body to gather blood and raise a fetus, litchi and longan belong to this kind of fruit.

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Pregnant woman Taboo 3: Pregnant women avoid eating excitant food: coffee, strong tea, spicy food, drinking, husband smoking and so on will have bad stimulation to the fetus, affecting the normal development, even caused fetal malformation.

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Maternity Taboo 4: Processed food and canned food. Processed semi-finished food although delicious, but these foods in the processing process, the need to add certain additives, such as synthetic pigments, flavors, sweeteners and preservatives, expectant mothers should try to eat less.

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Pregnant woman Taboo 5: Pregnant women avoid eating uncooked fish, meat, eggs and other food. Raw fish, meat and other foods often contain tapeworm, cysticercosis and other parasites, direct consumption of these foods can make people infected with disease. Raw egg protein is not easy to be hydrolyzed by proteolytic enzymes, not easily absorbed by the gut, and raw eggs are often contaminated with bacteria, direct consumption is easy to get gastroenteritis. Smoked, marinated, grilled food should also try not to eat.

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Pregnant women Taboo 6: Ginseng is a tonic, the mother of the abuse of ginseng, can lead to Qi Yin, very easy to get angry, vomiting, edema and hypertension and other symptoms, can cause red, miscarriage early production and other dangerous situations. In addition, velvet, deer Fetal, royal jelly and other supplements, expectant mothers are not suitable to take.

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Pregnant women Taboo 7: fennel, pepper, chili powder, pepper and other spices hot and irritating, expectant mother's bowel peristalsis slowed down, if you take this kind of food, easy to cause constipation.

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Supplement nutrition, don't go astray

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Because of the traditional concept and insufficient nutrition knowledge and many other reasons, pregnant women in the 280 days of intensive nutrition process, often inadvertently go into some misunderstanding, resulting in unnecessary trouble.

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Myth One: blindly buy nutritional health care products. Are expensive supplements better than regular food? Expectant mother in the choice of nutrition, the main consideration is whether their own body needs to be complementary, rather than blindly follow the seller's rhetoric, many nutrients absorption effect is not better than ordinary food (such as fresh milk calcium supplements may not be compared to direct calcium supplementation), some nutrition is not even suitable for pregnant women to eat. Expectant mothers should consult an experienced obstetrician before deciding to purchase nutritional supplements.

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Myth Two: Replace the normal diet with health products. In order to strengthen nutrition, some expectant mothers to supplement a lot of nutrition every day, such as protein powder, comprehensive vitamins, calcium, iron, pregnant women's milk powder, and so on, a lot of nutrition under the belly, some expectant mothers think their nutrition is enough, daily meals of the nutrition guarantee can not also have no relationship. In fact, this is not good for the body, because most of the nutrition is to strengthen a certain nutrient or improve a certain function of the product, simple use is not better than to ensure that the general diet of the nutritional balance is more effective.

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Myth Three: One person meal two person cent. Many women, after learning that they are pregnant, are trying to increase appetite, hoping to meet the nutritional needs of the fetus. Almost all expectant mothers believe that as long as they eat more, the baby will certainly be healthy. In fact, pregnant mother even if the amount of food doubled, it is not equal to the baby in the mother's belly can absorb all the mother more than before the whole nutrition of those foods, expectant mother eat more of that part, most likely to become their own body of fat. Whether the child's nutrition is enough, the key is the expectant mother of the scientific choice of food, rather than rely on blindly eat to achieve.

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Myth Four: The more nutritious things to eat the better. It is necessary to strengthen nutrition during pregnancy, but nutrient intake is not the better. Too much nutrient intake can aggravate the burden of the body, and the accumulation of excess fat, leading to obesity and coronary heart disease occurs. Overweight also limits the physical activity of expectant mothers, causing them to fall in disease resistance and cause difficulties in childbirth.

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Myth Five: Eat more vegetables, eat less. Many people think that food is more nutritious than rice, and expectant mothers should leave their stomachs to eat more vegetables. This view is extremely wrong, food is rice and other staple food, is the main source of energy, a pregnant, late pregnancy should eat 400~500 grams of flour and its products.

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Misunderstanding six: Calcium supplements will drink more bone soup. In order to supplement calcium, some mother will follow the old man's advice to drink bone soup. In fact, the effect of drinking bone soup calcium supplementation is not ideal. The calcium in the bone is not easy to dissolve in the soup, it is not easy to be absorbed by the body's gastrointestinal, and drink too much bone soup, but may be because of the greasy, causing discomfort to pregnant women.

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Dietary taboos that have medical basis

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1. Do not absorb vitamin A too much.

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Pregnant women consume too much vitamin A, can lead to premature birth and fetal development is not healthy, so only 400-1250 micrograms of vitamin A daily, which contains a very rich liver vitamin A, pregnant women should avoid excessive eating.

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2. Limit the consumption of caffeinated beverages.

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Ingestion of too much caffeine can affect the growth of the fetus's bones, there may be finger, toe deformity, but also increase abortion, premature birth, baby weight too light. It is better to avoid drinking caffeinated drinks, if not, you should not drink more than 2 cups of coffee or 3 cups of semi strong tea per day.

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3. Avoid drinking

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If drinking too much alcohol, it will make the fetus deformed, affecting the fetal IQ and physical development, basically to avoid drinking. 2 cups of beer, or 1 cups of wine is the limit.

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4. Avoid high-sugar, high-fat foods

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Eating too many high-sugar, high-fat foods such as soda, sugar, potato chips, so that pregnant women overweight, thereby increasing pregnancy-induced diabetes, pregnancy-induced hypertension, in addition to increasing the risk of diabetes and high blood pressure in the future, childbirth will also have difficulties.

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Seven Taboos of maternal nutrition

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(1) Avoid the eclipse picky eaters: Some pregnant women eclipse chicken and duck fish and high-grade nutritional health products, some only eat meat dishes, do not eat vegetarian, some do not eat internal organs such as liver, and some do not eat milk, chickens and eggs. resulting in a single nutrient.

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(2) Avoid uncontrolled eating: some pregnant women do not control the amount of food. Want to eat what to eat, want to eat how much eat, like to eat food desperately eat. A pregnant woman ate a bunch of oranges within one months. Some pregnant women gained 45 kilograms of weight during pregnancy. Cause some pregnant women fat, fetal huge. Some only pregnant women themselves fat, the fetus is very small.

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(3) Bogey food too refined, too fine: Pregnant women are the focus of the family to protect the object, generally eat fine white and fine white rice, noodles, do not eat millet gruel and coarse grains, cereals. Cause serious B1 deficiency and deficiency of severe micro-biotin.

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(4) Avoid excessive intake of plant fat, such as soy oil, vegetable oils and so on, resulting in a single plant fat is too high, bad for fetal brain development. Also affects maternal health. Should promote the intake of a certain amount of animal fats, such as lard, fat and so on.

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(5) Avoid the old traditional habits of influence: Some pregnant women often eat longan, said to eat longan born fetal glasses big and round. Pregnant women can not eat crab, said the pregnant women who eat crabs will spit at the mouth of the baby, can not eat fish, shrimp, birth of the fetus will be allergic diseases and so on.

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(6) Pregnant women avoid eating excitant food: coffee, strong tea, spicy food, drinking, husband smoking Queensland unlimited smoke, etc. will have adverse effects on the fetus, affecting normal development, and even fetal malformation.

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(7) Avoid free to fill: At present, all kinds of nutrition is full of market, in general People's view, eat more advanced, more expensive more nutritious. actually otherwise Hot people should not eat ginseng, Gui yuan, mutton and other heat food, after eating will cause bleeding, internal heating too heavy. Body virtual afraid of cold people should not take pearl powder, persimmon, crab and other edible may feel stomach discomfort, body dummy can not short-term large-amount, sesame, walnut too much will cause diarrhea, anorexia.

How should pregnant women eat?