How to distinguish between viral colds and bacterial colds?

How to distinguish between viral colds and bacterial colds?

The cold is also called the upper respiratory tract infection, referred to as "the feeling". It is a common and frequently-occurring disease in winter and spring season. From the pathogens that cause colds, most of them are viruses, such as the nose virus, adenovirus, influenza virus, secondary influenza virus, syncytial virus, etc., bacteria caused by pneumococcal, streptococcus, Staphylococcus aureus, influenza bacilli and so on. Although the clinical symptoms of the upper respiratory tract infection are similar, but the treatment of the drug is not the same, the former symptomatic treatment can be, the latter should be appropriate to add antibiotics, so the correct identification of rational use is extremely important. So, how to identify viral colds and bacterial colds?

One, from the epidemiological aspects of identification: viral influenza has an epidemic, there are obvious characteristics of the group, or a number of people in the disease, and the bacterial cold from the sporadic, patients with rare or no concurrent respiratory infection patients.

Second, from the symptoms of body disease identification: Viral cold onset, systemic poisoning symptoms can be light and heavy, upper respiratory symptoms such as nasal congestion, runny nose, sneezing obvious, less sore throat, no purulent secretions, but with diarrhea or eye conjunctival congestion; bacterial "on-sense" onset can be slow, systemic toxicity symptoms are relatively light, the upper respiratory symptoms are not obvious, But the swelling of the tonsils or pharynx, the pain is more prominent, pus, pus and phlegm is an important evidence of bacterial infection.

Third, from the effect of the treatment of aspirin to identify: to have fever symptoms of upper respiratory tract infection to aspirin treatment, viral infection can obtain a temporary and obvious effect of fever, systemic symptoms have improved, and bacterial infected people take the same dose of aspirin, the effect of low fever, systemic symptoms no significant improvement.

What is the difference between azithromycin and cephalosporins?

The antimicrobial spectrum of the two drugs (i.e., the type and range of antimicrobial) is comparable and can be used for the same bacterial infectious disease. So from this point of view, the two drugs are not very different. Their differences are mainly the following:
1. Cephalosporin toxicity is light, the damage to the liver and kidney is mild, it is a fungicide, the role of bacteria strongly, which is its advantage. But a short half-term, at least 2 times a day, and someone else has an allergic reaction can not use the shortcomings.
2. Azithromycin has a certain effect on the liver and is safe if the dosage is properly mastered. It is a kind of antibacterial agent, which is lighter than the fungicide. This is where it is inferior to the cephalosporins. Its advantages are reflected in the half-life long, one day only one medication, a course as long as 3 days, simple usage, in most people will not be allergic .
So, the above two pills, my advice is, if the first spore is not allergic to the best first-choice cephalosporins or penicillin medicine, if allergy to the second choice azithromycin.

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How to distinguish between viral colds and bacterial colds?