How to maintain an Exchange messaging system

First, Exchange backup and recovery

1. Back up Exchange mailboxes using the Ntbackup tool

The Ntbackup tool is a Windows system self-contained, using the Ntbackup Backup tool to perform Exchange backups

1> Backup content:

Exchange database:: For Exchange servers, the most important data is mailbox and public folder databases, you can back up a single database at once, or you can back up all databases at once.

Mailbox Database

Public Folder Database

Transaction log: A backup of the transaction log ensures that the server can be restored to a certain point in time, and that the transaction logs that have already been processed can be removed from disk.

System state: Backing up the system State data guarantees that the server will rejoin the Exchange organization with its original name. (a backup of the system state includes the following: Active directory,boot files,com+ class,registration database,registry,sysvol)

2> Perform a backup

Back up the database

(You cannot back up two databases at the same time.) When backing up a database, you must ensure that the mailbox store and the public folder store are mounted. ）

Back up the System state

(In practical applications, it is recommended to establish a detailed backup plan to automate the automated backup of the messaging system instead of just a manual backup.) ）

2. Recover deleted mailboxes and items

1> Project Recovery characteristics

By default, Exchange retains messages deleted from deleted items for 14 days, and the user can recover the specified message through these reserved messages

2> Mailbox Recovery features

When you disable or delete a mailbox by using the Exchange Management Console, the mailbox is no longer associated with the Active Directory user and is marked for deletion. However, disconnected mailboxes remain in the Exchange database

By default, disconnected mailboxes are retained for 30 days. During a retention period, you can restore a mailbox by connecting the mailbox to a new or existing Active Directory user account

3. Restore Exchange storage groups and databases

You can recover a separate database or restore an entire storage group (a storage group may contain multiple groups of databases)

1>. Restore a mailbox database using an existing backup (when restoring, you cannot recover if the mailbox database is online.) ）

2> If the database fails to mount, you can then reload the following command

X:\Program files\microsoft\exchange Server\mailbox\first Storage group> \.. \bin\eseutil/p "Mailbox database.edb"

Common practices for this command:

Eseutil is a database repair tool provided by Microsoft, primarily to perform special processing when the database is not loaded properly. and ensure that the database can be normal state. Before using the tool to repair a database, you can use the ESEUTIL/MH method to view the status of the mail database, and if it is dirty, prove that the database is not clean and needs to be repaired. If it is clean, it is clear that the state is cleaned and can be loaded. This is one of the necessary tasks before loading the database.

4. Restore user mail through a recovery storage group

A Recovery Storage Group is a special administrative storage group that you use to mount a mailbox database, extract data from a mounted database, and then copy to a folder in an existing mailbox or merge with an existing mailbox to restore a user's mailbox by selecting it from a storage group.

Specific actions:

Exchange Management Console Toolbox,

Database Recovery Management

Set up a Recovery storage group

Restoring and Loading databases

Merging mailbox data