Image and appearance of CentOS5.x system installation

I. Prepare to install CentOS5.x

1. CentOS Introduction

CentOS is a community of Open Source Software contributors and users. It re-compiles the RHEL source code and becomes one of the many communities that release new versions. In the process of continuous development, the CentOS community is constantly merged with other similar communities, centOSLinux has gradually become the most widely used RHEL compatible version. CentOSLinux has no better stability than RHEL. The only drawback is the lack of technical support because it is a free version released by the community.

CentOS Linux has a strict version correspondence with RHEL products. For example, if RHEL4 source code is used to re-compile and release CentOSLinux 4.0, gn RHEL5 corresponds to CentOSLinux 5.0. Due to the long life cycle of RHEL products (usually 3 ~ 5 years of official support), So Red Hat repacks the accumulated update program into an updated release every time after the RHEL product series are released, it is usually called RHELUpdate.

For example, the first Update version of RHEL5 is called RHEL 5 Update 1, and the user is also called RHEL5.1. Each RHELUpdate CentOS community released by Red Hat company will release the corresponding update release version. For example, CentOS will recompile and package CentOSLinux5.1 Based on the RHEL5 Update1 update program source code package. CentOSLinux and the rhel release with the corresponding version have binary compatibility at the software package level, that is, if an RPM package can be installed and run in the RHEL product, you can install and run the tool in centos Linux. CentOSLinux is widely used because of its compatibility with RHEL and the stability of enterprise-level applications, allowing users to use it freely.

2. Get CentOS release

(1) download the ISO image file from the image site

Official: https://www.centos.org/

3. Hard Disk partitioning Solution

Installing Linux on a computer is an important step in partitioning a hard disk. The following describes several partitioning schemes.

(1) solution 1
/: The recommended size is 5 Gb or above.
Swap: swap partition. the recommended size is 1 ~ of the physical memory ~ 2 times.

(2) solution 2
/Boot: used to store programs related to Linux Startup, such as boot loader. the recommended size is 100 MB.
/: Linux root directory. All directories are mounted under this directory. the recommended size is 5 Gb or above.
/Home: stores the data of common users, which is the home directory of common users. The recommended size is the remaining space.
Swap: Implements virtual memory. The recommended size is 1 ~ of physical memory ~ 2 times.

(3) solution 3
/Boot: used to store programs related to Linux Startup, such as boot loader. the recommended size is 100 MB.
/Usr: used to store applications in the Linux system. The related data is large. It is recommended that the data size be greater than 3 GB.
/Var: used to store frequently-changing data and log files in Linux. It is recommended that the value be larger than 1 GB.
/Home: stores the data of common users, which is the home directory of common users. The recommended size is the remaining space.
/: Linux root directory. All directories are mounted under this directory. the recommended size is 5 Gb or above.
/Tmp: place the temporary disk in an independent partition to avoid affecting the system stability when the file system is full. The recommended size is more than MB.
Swap: Implements virtual memory. The recommended size is 1 ~ of physical memory ~ 2 times.

Ii. Install CentOS on the CDCentOS is installed in two modes: graphical mode and text mode. When the system memory is less than 1 GB, the default installation method is text installation (sometimes we select the image installation mode, but the reason for entering the text installation mode is that the memory is not 1 GB, so some Windows systems, such as KDE, XWINDOW is not installed)2.1 installation in graphic mode

1. Installation Guide

First, set the BIOS boot sequence of the computer to enable the optical drive. Save the settings and place the installation disc into the optical drive and restart the computer.

(1) After the computer is started, the interface shown in is displayed.

You can directly press <Enter> to Enter the installation method of the graphic interface;
You can also enter 'linuxtext' directly after boot to install the text interface;
You can click the [F1]... [F5] button at the top of the keyboard to view the functions.

Tips: if you do not press any buttons within 10 seconds, the installer uses the graphical interface to start the installation process. Currently, all the installation programs are great! Therefore, we recommend that you use the graphic interface to install it.

(2) If you want to know what other functions are available, press the function key. The Function Description of [F2] is as follows:

Linux noprobe:
Do not perform hardware detection. If you have special hardware, you may be able to use this item to stop hardware detection;

Linux mediacheck:
Stores media inspection images.

Linux rescue:
Go to the rescue mode and press F5.

Linux askmethod:
In interactive mode, the installer will ask you. If your hard drive contains an Installationserver when you install media or your environment, you can select this option to enter the correct network host for installation;

Linux updates:
Go to the update mode screen.

Memtest86:
This is interesting! This project will continue reading and writing memory. If you suspect that your memory stability is insufficient, you can use this project to test your memory! After the test is complete, you need to restart the instance.

(3) If you press [F5], the description of the rescue mode will be displayed, as shown in:

If your Linux system cannot be started due to incorrect settings, you can use 'linuxrescue' to enter the rescue mode. This rescue mode is very helpful! If you set an error, the system may fail to start up. In this case, take out this DVD for the rescue mode. You can save your Linux instance without installing it again.

2. Check hardware information

Next, the system checks the user's computer hardware information, such as hard disk, sound card, display, keyboard, and mouse, as shown in

3. Check the disc media

As shown in, if it is a complete installation disk, you can directly click the "Skip" button to Skip, Otherwise click the "OK" button to check the integrity of the installation disk

Tips: If you are sure that the downloaded DVD or CD is correct, you can select 'skip (ignore) '. However, you can also press 'OK' to perform analysis on the DVD, because after analysis on the DVD, subsequent installation will not encounter any strange problems. However, if you press 'OK', the program will start to analyze the information of all files in the CD, and it will take a lot of time!

4. Installation welcome page

After detecting the computer hardware information, enter the installation welcome page, as shown in.

5. Select the language during installation

Click "Next" to go to the interface as shown in. Select the language used during installation, and select "ChineseSimplified (Simplified Chinese )".

6. Select the keyboard layout type

After selecting the language in the installation process, click "Next" to go to the interface shown in. If you select the keyboard type, "U" is selected by default. s. english (American English style) ", that is, the American keyboard, where the default choice is used.

7. Disk Partition Configuration

If it is a brand new hard disk, the following error message may occur. This information only prompts you That the installer cannot find the partition table, so don't worry. Press the "Yes" button, as shown in.

(1) Partition Mode

As mentioned above, disk partitioning is the most important part of the installation process. CentOS presets four partition modes:

<1> delete all partitions on the selected disk and create the default partition structure:
If this mode is selected, your hard disk will be used by Linux, and all partitions in the hard disk will be deleted, and then the partition structure will be re-established by the preset method of the installer, pay special attention to the usage!

<2> Delete Linux partitions on the selected driver and create the default partition structure:
In this hard disk, Only Linux partitions are deleted, and then the partitions are re-created by default of the installer.

<3> use the free space in the selected drive and create the default partition structure:
If there is still unsplit disk space in your hard disk (note that it is not split, rather than there is no data in the partition !), After this project is used, it will not change the original partition, but will only build the default partition for the remaining unsplit blocks.

<4> create a custom partition structure:
This is what we want to use! Do not use the preset Splitting Method of the installer. Use the required splitting method.

(2) custom partition Mode

As shown in the "disk partition Settings" dialog box, select "create custom partition structure. Create four partitions:/,/boot,/home, and swap.

After you press 'Next', the following Partition window appears. This screen is mainly divided into three major blocks:
The top part is the partition of the hard disk. Currently, because the hard disk is not partitioned, the entire partition is displayed and it is Free. In the middle is the command area, and below is the device file name, mount point directory, file system type of each partition, whether to format, partition capacity, start and end of the magnetic column number, etc.

As for the command area, there are a total of six blocks. RAID and LVM are special hard disk applications. We will introduce this part separately. The functions of other commands are as follows:

New: adds a new partition, that is, the partition action, to create a new disk partition;

Edit: edit an existing disk partition. You can click the partition you want to modify in the actual status display area, and then click 'edit' to edit the partition.

Delete: delete a disk partition. Similarly, You must select the partition you want to delete in the actual status display area.

Resetting: restores the original disk partition status.

Tips: Of course, your system and the author's system cannot be exactly the same, so the hard disk information on your screen should not be the same as the author's! So don't be too nervous when you see the difference. That's normal.

Next, create the root directory (/) partition. After you press "new", the following screen is displayed. Because the root directory we need is a Linux File System, the default file system is ext3. As for the mount point, you can manually enter or use the mouse to select. Enter the required disk capacity in MB. However, since the author's system only has one hard disk, it cannot be freely selected in the "allowed drive.

If you want to know what file system types are supported by Linux, click the ext3 button in the following figure.

The file system types are:

Ext2/ext3: Applicable file system type in Linux. Because the ext3 file system has a log record while restoring the system quickly, we recommend that you select a new ext3 instead of using ext2.

Physical volume (LVM): This is a mechanism used to elastically adjust the file system capacity. It can increase or decrease the capacity of your file system without changing the original file content.

Software RAID: simulates the disk array function with software based on the features of the Linux operating system.

Swap: The swap space! Because swap does not use directory tree mounting, you do not need to specify a mount point when using swap.

Vfat: The file system types supported by both Linux and Windows. If your host's hard drive has both Windows and Linux operating systems, you can build a vfat file system for data exchange.

We continue to press "new" to create the/boot partition. Enter the correct information in sequence, including the mount point, file system type, and size. Make sure that the partition is located at the beginning of the entire hard disk. Therefore, we select "force-partitioning" for/boot ". As shown in:

The final result of creating a/boot partition is as follows. It will take the initiative to move the/boot special directory to the front of the hard disk, so you will see that the hard disk partition of/boot is/dev/hda1, the starting column is 1. As shown in:

In, press "new" to switch the space (swap ). As mentioned above, because swap is a swap space, there is no need for a mount point. Select "swap" in "file system type", as shown in ".

Tips: Some installers do not specify swap as memory 1 ~ A warning message is sent twice. In this case, you only need to ignore the warning message and click Next.

Let's continue to complete the last partition/home. Press "new" and enter the correct information in sequence, including the mount point, file system type, and size.

Shows the final result of the partition. You will find that the system automatically converts/dev/hda4 into extended partitions. Then, all the capacity is assigned to/dev/hda4, and swap is allocated to/dev/hda5.

8. Boot Loader settings

As shown in, the GRUB boot installation window is displayed. You can use the default settings and click "Next.

Tips: to set the password for the boot loader, select "Use the boot loader password" and enter the password in the pop-up window, as shown in.

9. Network Configuration

Next, SET network parameters, as shown in. DHCP is enabled on the network adapter by default, that is, the IP address is automatically obtained by default. You can use the default settings.

If the reader uses a fixed IP address, click "edit". In the displayed dialog box, select the check box before "manual setting", enter the IP address and subnet mask, and click "OK, next, set host name and gateway information, as shown in.

10. Select a Time Zone

Because the world is divided into 24 time zones, you need to tell the system where the time zone is. As shown in, you can select Beijing, or directly use the mouse to select on the map. Pay special attention to UTC, which is related to "Daylight Saving Time". We do not need to select this option, otherwise it will cause time zone confusion, resulting in the system display time is different from the local time.

11. Set the administrator password (root password)

The following is the most important "system administrator password" setting, as shown in. In Linux, the default name of the system administrator is root. Note that this password is very important. It must be at least 8 characters long and contain special characters.

12. Select the software package to install

Select "customize now" and click "Next", as shown in.

Select the required software package from the details options (you can select all software packages for beginners), as shown in, and click "Next". The system checks the dependencies of the selected software, as shown in.

13. Prepare for Installation

After confirming the selected software package, go to the interface shown in, and start to install the Linux system. After the installation is complete, you can view/root/install. log Installation log File for installation information, you can also view the/root/anaconda-ks.cfg file for setup information during installation.

14. Start Linux Installation

Start installation. The installation screen displays the time required, the name of each software package, and a brief description of the software package.

After the installation is complete, everything is complete. When the final screen appears, take out the CD and press the "reboot" button to start it, as shown in.

The installation is successful. reboot the system.

This article is from the StarFlex blog, please be sure to keep this source http://tiankefeng.blog.51cto.com/8687281/1372414