Initial installation and configuration of apache2 in Ubuntu

Install and configure Apache server in Linux. (For non-administrator commands, Gu adds: sudo before most commands)

First, try it and run the following command: sudo apt-Get install apache2. Go to the official website and say you can directly download the source code for compilation and installation. But I didn't try it here (because it has been installed with APT ~).

Apache installed with APT. By default, the configuration file is placed under/etc/apache2.

By default, HTTP pages are stored under/var/www.

Start and Stop the Script:/etc/init. d/apache2

Therefore:

The startup command is:

Sudo/etc/init. d/apache2 start

Stop command:

Sudo/etc/init. d/apache2 stop

Restart command:

Sudo/etc/init. d/apache2 restart

/************************************/

View the/etc/init. d/apache2 file. The following content is displayed:

Case $1 in
Start)
Log_daemon_msg "Starting web server" "apache2"
If $ apache2ctl start; then
If check_htcacheclean; then
Log_progress_msg htcacheclean
Start_htcacheclean | log_end_msg 1
Fi
Log_end_msg 0
Else
Log_end_msg 1
Fi
;;
Stop)
If check_htcacheclean; then
Log_daemon_msg "stopping Web server" "htcacheclean"
Stop_htcacheclean
Log_progress_msg "apache2"
Else
Log_daemon_msg "stopping Web server" "apache2"
Fi
If apache_wait_stop; then
Log_end_msg 0
Else
Log_end_msg 1
Fi
;;
Graceful-stop)
If check_htcacheclean; then
Log_daemon_msg "stopping Web server" "htcacheclean"
Stop_htcacheclean
Log_progress_msg "apache2"
Else
Log_daemon_msg "stopping Web server" "apache2"
Fi
If $ apache2ctl graceful-stop; then
Log_end_msg 0
Else
Log_end_msg 1
Fi
;;
Reload | force-Reload | graceful)
If! $ Apache2ctl configtest>/dev/null 2> & 1; then
$ Apache2ctl configtest | true
Log_end_msg 1
Exit 1
Fi
Log_daemon_msg "reloading Web Server config" "apache2"
If pidof_apache>/dev/NULL; then
If $ apache2ctl graceful $2; then
Log_end_msg 0
Else
Log_end_msg 1
Fi
Fi
;;
Restart)
If! $ Apache2ctl configtest>/dev/null 2> & 1; then
$ Apache2ctl configtest | true
Log_end_msg 1
Exit 1
Fi
If check_htcacheclean; then
Log_daemon_msg "Restarting web server" "htcacheclean"
Stop_htcacheclean
Log_progress_msg apache2
Else
Log_daemon_msg "Restarting web server" "apache2"
Fi
PID = $ (pidof_apache) | true
If! Apache_wait_stop; then
Log_end_msg 1 | true
Fi
If $ apache2ctl start; then
If check_htcacheclean; then
Start_htcacheclean | log_end_msg 1
Fi
Log_end_msg 0
Else
Log_end_msg 1
Fi
;;
Start-htcacheclean)
Log_daemon_msg "Starting htcacheclean"
Start_htcacheclean | log_end_msg 1
Log_end_msg 0
;;
Stop-htcacheclean)
Log_daemon_msg "Stopping htcacheclean"
Stop_htcacheclean
Log_end_msg 0
;;
Status)
PID = $ (pidof_apache) | true
If [-n "$ PID"]; then
Echo "apache2 $ dir_suffix is running (PID $ PID )."
Exit 0
Else
Echo "apache2 $ dir_suffix is not running ."
If [-e "$ pidfile"]; then
Exit 1
Else
Exit 3
Fi
Fi
;;
*)

/*************************************** */

Because Apache has the default configuration, you can directly run it with the default configuration after installation,

The configuration of this modification is mainly

DocumentRoot.

First, check/etc/Apache/apache2.conf. The configuration file of Apache of this version is known.

Use global configuration + default configuration + user configuration.

The/etc/apache2/apache2.conf mainly sets some global configurations,

The two files under/etc/apache2/sites-available/set some default configurations,

In/etc/apache2/httpd. conf, it is mainly used to set user configuration.

Copy the content from the two files under sites-available/to/etc/apache2/httpd. conf and modify the content.

The modified content here is:

DocumentRoot/var/WWW (Add the red part to the site directory you want to set. For example, set it to/home/xiaocc/STAT station.)
<Directory/>
Options followsymlinks
AllowOverride none
</Directory>
<Directory/var/www /(Same as above)>
Options indexes followsymlinks Multiviews
AllowOverride none
Order allow, deny
Allow from all
</Directory>

(You need to modify them everywhere. You can directly find and replace them .!!! Note: You must ensure that your site has a permission value of more than 400. Access only in 127.0.0.1 !!!)

Save and exit. Restart Apache.

To sum up, this Apache attack is too hasty. I did not follow the suggestions to go to the official website to carefully read the document. Other security issues are not considered...

I will summarize some Linux commands.

Command for modifying permissions:

Chmod permission value or permission ID + file/folder for which the permission needs to be modified. The read, write, and executable permissions are represented in three hexadecimal notation,

1 indicates executable, 2 indicates writable, and 4 indicates readable. Where, 3 characters (?) are used (?) Indicates the permissions of the three types of roles on this file (folder), such as chomd 457 demo. in Java, the number 4 indicates that the owner has only the read permission on the file (4 is expressed as 100 in binary format ), number 5 indicates that users in the same group have read and executable permissions on this file (5 is expressed in binary as 101). Number 7 indicates that users in different groups and non-file owners have read permissions on this file, write and execute permissions (number 7 is expressed as 111 in binary format ).

For readable and writable folders, the executable permissions are described as follows:

Executable indicates whether the folder can be accessed, and writable indicates whether the folder can be created. Readable indicates whether the content in the folder can be viewed. For example, a folder has executable, writable, and unreadable permissions for users of a certain type. That is, 3. Users of this type can enter this folder and create a file/folder under this folder, but cannot browse the files in the folder ...~~~ Linux strictly controls files. Okay, and so on .).

The default permission for the newly created folder is 775.

The default permission for the newly created file is 664.

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

As mentioned above, he summarized some things for fear that he would forget them. There are also some implicit, such as Linux permission detection algorithms, other permissions, and some useful I commands. I will summarize it tomorrow. It's late, sleep, and getting up early ~