Install and delete software in Linux (Fedora)

In Windows, all the application software has an installation program, such as setup.exe‑install.exe. You only need to double-click and "Next", but few software is installed in Linux in this way, because the application software in Linux is mostly the source code package, you need to manually compile and install the software. In this chapter, we will explain how to install the software in Linux, in fedora, you will also find that the "Add/delete software" function is provided, but it can only be used online. 1 _? * X T ~ E B-V
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1. Installation with installer Software

As mentioned above, Linux software rarely double-click EXE like Windows software and then "Next", but it does not exist. For example, excellent Chinese software yongzhong office2007 decompress the downloaded file and open the folder. The setup file is the installer. Double-click it to run it. (if it is not reflected, you may not have the executable permission. Right-click it and select
"Allow execution of files by program .) Double-click setup and the system automatically decompress the installation file.
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Next, let's take the next step. It's quite simple. Another Chinese office software, Hongqi office, is also installed. Z f #} & T; v4l B; P

Some Linux software also comes with the running script file. You can also run these script installation files on the terminal to install the software. I forgot to mention that, in general, almost all software installation must be logged on as the root system administrator, because ordinary users do not have the permission to modify the system. : Y [I "t, g r k # E % v
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2 RPM install v a ~ using the installation package ~ & K5r0k5v. j3j5 g/y n

To facilitate Linux users to add and delete software, Red Hat proposed the Software Package Manager rpm, which makes it easier to install and uninstall applications in Linux, by default, you only need to double-click the RPM package and the system will automatically install it. An RPM package file is a 3 {A y; _ 9 ~ of all files that can run the application software ~ 'T
It records the binary software content, installation location, Software Package Description, dependencies between software packages, and other information. The RPM tool comprehensively manages all RPM software packages in the system. Therefore, it can remember what you have added and the specific installation path for each file of these software, so that users can delete it completely and thoroughly. [4S u x B "B &~ + A + x (Q
Software that requires manual compilation is easy to install and maintain, but some RPM software packages require a large number of dependent packages. If there is no Internet connection, it is a headache.
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The following describes how to install RPM using the command line. You can use

Rpm-I [Option] [RPM package file name] for installation, common options

As follows:
-H use the symbol # display the installation progress I? ] 1 ~ 3A o
-V reports the status of each step. M v. _ i5q u
-- Replacepkge forcibly installs the software package no matter whether the software package is installed or not.
-- Test installation test, not actually installing s n4z x + b0y) | x3b
-- Nodeps ignores the dependency of the software package and forcibly installs the package (generally, it cannot run normally because the dependency file is missing)
-- Force ignores conflicts between software packages and files

Assume that there is a notepad. RPM package on the root user desktop, you can enter 4B J % s1t _ in the terminal _

Rpm-IVH/root/desktop/notepad. rpm installation. If an error message "error: faild dependencies" appears, it indicates that the software package dependency problem occurs. The following will prompt which file is required and which file is installed (Google) install it again. You can also add the -- nodeps force installation after the preceding command.
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To delete an RPM package, run the following command:
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Rpm-e notepad

If the dependency problem also occurs, add the -- nodeps parameter. If your system can connect to the Internet, double-click the RPM software package under the graphic interface. Even if the dependency problem occurs, the software package will automatically download the corresponding dependency file from the network and continue the installation.

3. Install the source code package
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The source code installation software is still an important method for installing the software in Linux. You can use the source code to install the software according to your needs, manual compilation and installation can optimize your actual hardware. However, for uninstallation, the software may scatter its own files and install them in multiple directories of the system 8x7c! G W/V5S,
It is often difficult to delete it. S4f] l I w'l
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In fact, it is not very difficult to manually compile and install the software. We have already touched on it before. Remember the hp1000 driver, right, that is, compile and install the source code software.

The extension names of software installation packages with source code libraries are generally .tarw.tar.gz and tar. Z and tar.bz2. These compressed packages can be decompressed directly in the graphic interface by right-clicking the shortcut menu to "decompress here", then entering the directory after the package is decompressed, and reading the relevant instruction files, for example, README, install and other text files, to understand the software installation requirements, configuration parameters and precautions, etc. Generally, most software installation steps are: & c5s8} m V, w8m

./Configure
Make
Make install
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The default directory for most software installations is/usr/local/software name/1 K & F e1a2z 'a T & B]

NOTE: If manual compilation is used, the compiler must be installed in the system; otherwise. /configure will prompt an error and there is no compiling environment, but in the first installation article, I suggest you install it. It should be okay.
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4 implement local "Add/delete software" G v # @ l a} 2 t s # U [5y @

Suppose we didn't install the KDE Desktop Environment when installing fedora6 at first, and it took some time to add KDE (because it was installed on the CD ), however, clicking "Add/delete software" in the system will find that you must connect to the Internet and can only download all software packages from the Internet for installation. Isn't that irritating? Isn't it possible to put the installation CD in a local directory like windows? No, yes, but you need to set it. Because I have installed five CDs, the following describes how to install these five CDs.] "^ 5u" y1c i7 [

First install an RPM package--9g x3j K % j h w4y

Createrepo-0.4.4-2.fc6.noarch.rpm, this file on the fifth installation disc/Fedora/RPMS/, the package is not dependent on the problem, simply double-click the installation. H Z \ p h c x

Then, copy all the content of the five discs (according to the directory structure of the disc) to different directories on the local hard disk, if you copy all the content of the first disc to the/mnt/fate/FC1 directory, and so on (you do not need to copy the disc directly into the DVD drive because the CD disk has a disk change problem ).

Create a directory named baserepo under the/mnt directory, link all the RPM software packages in/Fedora/RPMS/from the five hard disks to/mnt/baserepo, there are a total of 2243 RPM package link files. Back up all the files in/etc/yum. Repos. d/and delete them to ensure that the software package is not searched online when the program is added or deleted. Open the terminal and enter the createrepo/mnt/baserepo command.

The system automatically creates a repodate directory under the/mnt/baserepo directory and generates four files under the directory. This step takes a long time. Create a new CDROM. Repo text file in the/etc/yum. Repos. d/directory.

Save and exit, and then start "Add/delete software". You can also find out which RPM software packages have been installed. If it is a DVD drive, you do not need to copy it to the local hard disk. In the underlined directory in the figure, you can directly enter the Mount directory of the DVD drive (of course, you must first link the file ).