Perhaps we can imagine a scene: One day, we went shopping on the road, and our eyes looked far away to see a steak shop at the corner of the street. At this time, all the menus and price lists of this steak shop were made, it turned out to appear in the void, and the passing vehicles and groups appeared to us; no matter this menu and price list, continue to move forward, after a few steps, looking forward to the left, I found a cinema. When the sight came into contact with the cinema, there was a three-dimensional movie on the top of the road, between the high-rise buildings on both sides of the space, the spider people in the movie are constantly climbing along the facade of the real building on both sides, and shoot a piece of spider net to the tall building on the opposite side, instantly echoing in front of us from the top of the building, we were so scared that we couldn't hide and hid behind the pillar on the side of the building-the picture was real and hard to see, and the picture was hard to tell ......... This is a "real" scene that is likely to appear in the world of "expanding reality", and such a scene is likely to appear in the next decade. Compared with virtual reality (VR), the word "Augmented Reality" (AR) may be a strange term for most people. Virtual reality, as its name implies, is to build a completely virtual world in a computer. It may be a simulated real world, or a completely new world, but basically they do not overlap with our real world. To enter this completely computer world, you can feel a kind of experience by wearing a head-mounted display or integrated loop projection. However, expanding the real world will not be separated from our real world! It appears in our daily life. Real scenes overlap with virtual scenes, making it hard to distinguish between true and false scenes. To enter this world, we don't need to wait for a virtual reality to be fixed in a space range. We can just move on and sit down. However, when you wear a special pair of glasses (if you use full-image projection, you can even wear glasses without them), the artificial signals will be added to increase the virtual scenes into the sight, or remove real scenes from our sight. This will be a huge revolution in the convergence of truth and virtual reality. However, the world we used to change in the past must be completely changed. Perhaps the world of AR still sounds like a picture in a movie, but if we trace its development history, the related research has actually started as early as the 1960 s. The earliest research scholar was Ivan Sutherland, who taught at Harvard University and the University of Utah. He and his students at the two universities jointly developed the first AR system. 1970 in and, the US Air Force's armland laboratory, the Space Department's Elms Research Center, and the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, some people engaged in Ar-related research. However, in the early 2002/6 s, several Boeing scientists created the term "Augmented Reality" (Augmented Reality) to help workers assemble pipeline equipment. In AR systems, the most important components include tracker, display, drawing computer and related software. The tracker used a mechanical head tracker in the early days. It was constructed by suspending some mechanical linkage devices on the ceiling and associating the mechanical device according to the rotation of the head, to measure the position of the forward direction of the head movement. Since then, researchers have continuously improved their use of the ultrasound tracker, electromagnetic wave, light wave, and video-type tracker. Until recently, researchers have started to adopt GPS, a Global Positioning System. GPS will receive radio signals from navigation satellites, and systems with high precision can narrow the error range to within one meter. However, even if the GPS system is used, the system still has its blind spots. For example, many tall buildings in the city of Metropolis mask the sky, which hinders the transmission of satellite signals, the situation can be improved only when the site is relatively empty. In addition, the number of GPS updates per second is too small, and the accuracy is too poor, the computer screen cannot be ideally covered in the surrounding environment. As a result, the research team at Columbia University developed a software program to predict future actions based on previous information, first covering the painting area to the target environment, to solve this problem. [Scientific, 2002/6]. Another important component of AR in hardware is the display. A display may contain a desktop display, a hand-held display, or a head-mounted display. However, in terms of practicality and authenticity, a head-mounted display (HMD) will be the primary display method. A head-mounted display usually has a small screen in front of the left and right eyes. There are two types of small screens: Optical and video. The screen of a optical display is a translucent lens, which can be reflected in light to penetrate the light. It is called a "splitter" or a "splitter 」; the most famous example of this mirror is the head-up display of a fighter pilot. Users of optical display can see the real environmental images clearly. However, as far as today's developing technologies are concerned, virtual images cannot completely cover the real scenes of the background, that is, the real and virtual scenes seem to overlap with each other in a semi-transparent State. Such a simulated scene is hard to achieve a messy effect. In addition, because the focus of the real visual scenes is far away, while the virtual scenes are on the screen near the eye, when the two images overlap, it is difficult for viewers to focus on both the distance and distance, which greatly reduces the real feeling of expectation simulation. Another type of display, a video-based display, is an electronic video screen instead of a transparent or opaque lens. It uses a head-mounted camera to capture real-time background environmental images, convert them to electronic images, and then put the virtual 3D object images in, compare the image with the actual background one by one, replace the actual background, and synthesize the final image. In this way, you can control whether a virtual scene can overwrite a real scene, or overwrite a virtual scene, or make it semi-transparent. This video display technology was first applied to special effects on TV. However, like optical display, video display also has its disadvantages. For example, because the real background scene is shot by a camera and then displayed on the screen through a display, the actual degree of the scene has been greatly discounted, it is far inferior to the quality of human eyes directly watching the real background. Of course, this is related to the video technology standards of cameras and monitors. However, the current technology is not enough to achieve perfect results. Although ar hardware focuses on tracker and display, good integration of software, user interfaces, and other ancillary devices is also important in terms of performance, volume, and weight. Touring machine, a wearable AR system developed by Columbia University's research team, is equipped with a notebook computer (including a 3D drawing chipset and a IEEE802.11b wireless network card), tracker (a real-time dynamic GPS receiver, a GPS calibration receiver, and an interface box for a hybrid guide tracker), power (several batteries and a regulated power supply ), and the head mounted display and interactive Device Interface Box, the total weight is about 11 kg. In addition, the touring machine is equipped with a hand-held display to enhance and assist with a head-mounted display. In this way, users can watch 3D images through a head-mounted display and get other auxiliary information from the hand-held display. [Scholar, 2002/6]. Just as the name of the touring machine represents-"tour guide", the Colombian team used it on campus sightseeing tours. Looking at the campus through a head-mounted monitor, we can see that many fake flag are inserted on the campus. Each flag represents further information on the place. For example, when selecting a flag, you can see the relevant information about the former user of the Columbia University School, the "bloommingda Mental Hospital, the head-mounted display can re-cover the three-dimensional model of the deprecated mental hospital building in the original location. At the same time, the hand-held display will display an interactive annual table on the history of the mental hospital, users only need to select a certain age on the year table, then 3D images of buildings in that age will appear on the head mounted display, replace the previously displayed building images in a fade-out mode. With the continuous improvement of AR devices, we believe that in the near future, ar will be fully integrated into our lives. Such as education and training, games, medical assistance, military, advertising, and of course space design related to what we learn. But while we are developing ar-expanding reality with great enthusiasm, on the other hand, similar problems on VR-Virtual Reality-will appear on AR in a more complex and tricky situation. For example, since real objects and virtual objects already overlap each other, it will be a matter of mind to tell yourself whether the human memory can jump off the virtual image and tell yourself that it is not true. If a child fights against a monster in his basement by playing ar games, although the basement is true and the monster is fake, in his clear memory, monsters may already represent the basement at home. For example, if a person is walking on a street filled with Ar advertisements and images, he can see and hear with an eye (it is possible to use a pair of three-dimensional sound waves to make a person hear 3D sound, while others cannot hear it) all of them are ar information. Although it does not occupy space, it is messy and cannot be used, the adaptability of humans to high levels of tolerance, judgment, and return to reality in an environment where real and virtual scenes coexist, there will be a bunch of questions that need to be discussed urgently-but this is only part of what we can expect in the initial stage of "expanding the reality. When we stop at the time that technology is "Updating" our world at an unimaginable rate, think carefully and imagine that we will be still in the world for decades, what will the world become? This is a comprehensive question, but it may be a simple and interesting question. When the genes of all species have been decoded (humans can be replicated, non-renewable organs can be repaired, rice can be planted in the Himalayas, and they can survive without water ...), Nemi technology is widely used (the appearance of robots, cars, or buildings that can work freely in microvessels will never be dusty, and an atom is a computer ...), Not only do humans already possess God's Creative Technologies, but they are more and more like God in their images-theoretically, the human flesh will not die in the future (unless it is in the midst of a devastating disaster, it will be repaired continuously ). So when things will never be bad, humans will never die, and everything will become eternal, what is the meaning of "time" relative? Will it be so important? (Although in the current theory of physics, time actually exists in the past, the present, and the future. The past has not passed, and the future has long arrived.) In the same sense, when ar's technology reaches its limit, why is it true? What is an illusory existence? How to define "exist? What is the definition of "space? What is the definition of a space subject to vision? What is the sense of hearing? What is the sense of touch? Or is it based on "Memory?
These questions may seem to be a headache for future sci-fi film directors. But in this short article "Ar augmented reality", we hope to provide them to you, in addition to a brief introduction to the physical and technical aspects, it is expected that some abstract theoretical topics will be put forward for your reference. In fact, we can gradually appreciate the evolution of scientific and technological civilization. Although
