Introduction to computer science chapter 1 homework (Personal Edition)

1. Define a computer based on the Turing model.

This is a general-purpose computing device of the Turing idea, where all computing can run. By inputting data to such a computer, the program in the computer can instruct the computer to process the data and output the result after processing.

2. Define a computer based on the von noriman model.

A Computer Based on the von noriman model consists of memory, arithmetic logic unit, control unit, and input/output unit. Memory is used to store data and programs; arithmetic logic units are used for computing and logical operations; control units are used to control subsystems in the computer; input/output is used to receive input data and programs from the outside and output the processing results of the computer to the outside of the computer.

3. What is the role of a program in a computer based on the Turing model?

A program is a set of commands used to tell a computer to process data.

4. What is the role of a program in a computer based on Von noriman?

Process the data entered into the computer.

5. What subsystems are in the computer?

Memory, arithmetic logic unit, control unit, and input/output unit.

6. What are the functions of the memory subsystem in the computer?

Memory is used to store data and programs during computer processing.

7. What are the functions of the ALU subsystem in the computer?

Arithmetic logical units are used for computing and logical operations.

8. What are the functions of the Control Subsystem in the computer?

The control unit controls subsystems such as memory, arithmetic logic unit, and input/output.

9. What are the functions of the input/output subsystem in the computer?

The input subsystem is responsible for receiving input data and programs from outside the computer, and the output subsystem is responsible for outputting computer processing results to outside the computer.

10. Briefly describe the computers in five times?

Almost all computers in these five times are based on the von noriman model. The first generation of computers is characterized by the emergence of commercial computers, which can only be used by experts. They are bulky and use vacuum tubes as electronic switches, which are expensive. The second generation of computer transistor replaces vacuum tubes, reducing the volume, the cost is reduced. At this time, two advanced computer programming languages, Fortran and COBOL, were invented. The cost and volume of the third generation computers were reduced due to the use of integrated circuits, and small computers appeared on the market, the software industry has begun to take shape. The fourth generation of computers has appeared in the form of micro-computers and computer networks. The fifth generation has seen advanced devices such as handheld computers and desktop computers.

11. The current computer is based on the _____ model. B. Feng nuoman

12. In the computer, which of the following subsystems stores data and programs. C. Memory

13. In the computer, the _____ subsystem performs computing and logical operations. A. arithmetic logical unit (ALU)

14. In a computer, the _____ subsystem receives data and programs and sends the computation to the output device. B. Input/Output

15. In computer systems, _____ subsystems are managers of other subsystems. D. Control Unit

16. According to the von noriman model, _____ is stored in the memory. C. Data and programs

17. The step-by-step solution to the problem is called _____. D. Algorithm

18. FORTRAN and COBOL are examples. C. Computer Language

19. Which of the following calculation machines can perform addition and subtraction operations in the 17th century? ______. A. Pascaline

20. In computer languages, ______ is a series of commands that tell computers how to process data. D. Program

21. ______ design and compile programs in a structured form. A. Software Engineering

22. The first special-purpose electronic computer is called ______. C. ABC.

23. The first generation of Computers Based on the von noriman model was called ______. D. edvac.

24. The first computer using storage and programming is called ______. d. The Jacquard Loom

25. ______ separating a program design task from a computer computing task. C. Advanced Programming Language

26. Explain why computers cannot solve the problems that cannot be solved in the external world of computers.

The main function of a computer is to help humans process data. It can only know what to do and how to do it under the guidance of humans. If it cannot be solved by humans, the computer does not even know how to do it.

27. If a small and cheap computer can do the same thing as a large and expensive computer, why do people need a large computer?

Because of Technical and volume limitations, small computers do not have a high computing speed for large-scale complex operations. In many scientific studies, high-speed computing can reduce research costs and speed up research progress. This is also true for commercial use.

(End)

 

Introduction to computer science chapter 1 homework (Personal Edition)