IP address, subnet mask, switch, route

IP address segment: 210.143.144.1 ~ 210.143.159.254,

210.143. (1001) 0000.00000000 indicates the network address and identifies a network,

210.143. (1001) 1111.11111111 is the broadcast address, which can broadcast messages to all addresses in the network.

This CIDR block is equivalent to 210.143.144.0/20, that is, 210.143. (1001) 0000.00000000, and 20 indicates the subnet mask,

The subnet mask format is 255.255. (1111) 0000.00000000.

 

Vswitch: the MAC address takes precedence over the data link layer. Connect different machines in the same network. There is only one broadcast domain.

L3 switches: Multiple broadcast domains can be separated.

Route: the IP address takes priority and the speed is slow. You need to unpack the data packet, which is at the network layer. Connect to different networks. The connected networks are isolated from each other.

 

Vro: vswitch + gateway.

 

Network Structure: Switch A, computer A1, computer A2, routing port fa1, fa2, switch B, computer B1, computer B2.

Data sending process: A1 requests to communicate with B1. The sent data packet contains the information source (ipa1, maca1), and the destination (ipb1, macfa1) is changed to the source address for Route communication, because the source MAC address and destination IP address need to go through the vswitch, And the vswitch needs to find the MAC address, that is, the route port fa1 address, because vswitch A is only connected to the route port fa1; after the packets are parsed by the route, a new packet containing the information source (ipa1, macfa2) is formed, and the destination (ipb1, macb1) is changed to the packet forwarding from the route to the destination IP address, the switch sends data packets based on the MAC address.

 

Network Topology: Bus, Star, and Token Ring. All have conflicting domains, but the token ring structure does not cause data conflicts, because only the host holding the token can send messages.