IPv6 deployment key-IPv6 address planning

IPv6 address planning mainly involves the use of network resources to facilitate and effectively manage networks. IPv6 addresses have 128 bits, among which 64bit space can be allocated as the network prefix. According to the latest IPv6 RFC3513, IPv6 addresses are divided into two parts: Global routable prefix and subnet ID. The Protocol does not explicitly specify the number of BITs occupied by the global routable prefix and subnet ID, currently, APNIC can apply for a/32 IPv6 address.

IPv6 addresses can be used in two ways: one is the IP address applied for by a common network, and the other is the IP address representation using the prefix + Interface identifier. The other is the method for canceling the interface identifier, only the prefix is used to indicate the IP address.

IP Address Allocation and network organization, routing policies, and network management are closely related. There are no mainstream rules for IPv6 address planning, the specific IP Address Allocation is usually planned and implemented in a unified manner during project implementation. Some allocation principles can be followed:

Address resources should be uniformly allocated across the network

Address division should be hierarchical to Facilitate network interconnection and simplify route tables

IPv6 address planning adopts a flat plan. The whole network topology is divided into two layers: backbone network and man. Different backbone networks or special regional networks are allocated different IP address segments in the backbone areas according to the business volume requirements. For man networks, IETF's allocation of IPv6 address spaces/48 is recommended, based on the address space requirements of a large man, the city and site areas are divided into two levels. The city areas are divided into the address space between the backbone areas and the/48 addresses, while the site areas, according to the IETF recommendations, use the address space between/48 and/64.

IP Address Allocation should allocate continuous IP address space to each region as much as possible. In each man, the same service and function should allocate continuous IP address space as much as possible, which is conducive to route aggregation and security control.

IP address planning and Division should take into account the development requirements of the Network

Address use takes into account recent needs and long-term development and network expansion, and reserves the corresponding address segment. The allocation of IP addresses requires sufficient flexibility. existing services, new services, and various special business requirements should be taken into account to meet the needs of various user access, such as residential users and leased line users.

Make full and reasonable use of the requested address space to improve the efficiency of address utilization.

IPv6 address planning should be part of the overall network planning, that is, IP address planning should be considered in combination with network hierarchy planning, route protocol planning, and traffic planning. IP address planning should correspond to network layers as much as possible, and should be a top-down planning.