Lessons 7: Under the courtyard of Wenhua Temple

Label: Walk slowly

Description: This is the lower part of this article.

Blue Flower hand cup

The blue-and-white hand cup (flower heart) and products of the Ming Yongle age are displayed here.

This cup body is like a small bowl, mouth slightly, fold waist, full base, full lap. The interior and exterior are painted with blue and white lines. The cup has a sunflower flower, and the flower is the four-character "Yongle year. The outer wall is painted along the lower side of plum, and the abdomen is painted with branches and Lotus lines.

Shoushou cup is a new type of porcelain cup created by Jingdezhen yayao factory in Yongle period of the Ming Dynasty. This cup is made in fine, simple and elegant form, and the blue and white colors are deep and green.

The pressure hand cup is characterized by a heavy fetal body, the center of gravity in the lower part of the cup, the mouth along the slightly outside, when holding the cup, positive pressure in the hand of the Tiger Mouth, give people a feeling of heavy pressure, therefore, the name is "Hand Cup. Yongleqing flower hand cup of Ming Dynasty is a kind of physical object that can be confirmed with the literature in porcelain of Ming Dynasty and has important research value. This type of high-quality hand cup with yongleinian model, according to the information currently available, only four pieces of the Palace Museum are collected.

Blue-and-white enamel-carved Canal

In 1965, this beautiful bucket was unearthed in the Yuan Dynasty bucket of Baoding City, Hebei Province. It is a rare treasure of the Yuan porcelain. It uses a variety of techniques such as painting, plastic, pasting, and cutting, and Its decorative patterns are even more colorful. The top of the Canal cover is filled with plastic lion buttons, and the Green Lotus leaf pattern, curly grass pattern and ripple pattern are painted under the button for each week. The tank body and mouth are painted along the blue-and-white branches and twenty lines each week. The Shoulder is droose like the yuntou grain, and the blue and white lotus are painted in the yunji. The abdomen is surrounded by double-hook diamond open light, and the four seasons of landscape such as anchor, chrysanthemum, and peony are carved in the glaze, including red-painted hillstone and flowers. The lower part of the abdomen is decorated with blue flowers and branches of Lotus, which corresponds to the yuntou grain. The bottom of the abdomen is decorated with curly grass lines and deformed lotus leaf lines.

The blue and white flowers and the glaze are both glazed and colored. in the Yuan Dynasty, Jingdezhen craftsman combined the two, marking the progress of porcelain production technology in the Yuan Dynasty.

Loose enamel and loose Lotus species
 
This canonicalized silk enamel is the enamel treasure in the old Tibetan ware of the Palace Museum. It was previously considered as a product of mingjing tainian. In this furnace, the main decorative area of the abdomen is the big red, white, yellow three-color branches of Lotus, a total of six around the body, near the foot with red white lotus petals as decoration, it is close to the mouth on the light blue glaze floor decorated with yellow, white, red, purple four-color chrysanthemum 12 a week. Its decoration is elegant and elegant, and its color is pure and rich. The most valuable part of this furnace is enamel shining, and some places are even glass-like transparent enamel. The overall shape of the furnace is also dignified and elegant, Which is classic. We can compare it with the shape of the famous song furnace and Ming Xuan de furnace. It can be seen that it is in the same line and more familiar.

In the Civil Society, "cloisonne" has already become the common name of the wire enamel craft. Once you mention this ancient name, people will think of the Golden wire glaze, rich and gas-filled metal tire enamel. However, few people are concerned about this Emperor Jing taidi, who has only been in the throne for seven years. Is it true that he has been in the throne for just a few years, and his enamel craft has actually developed to the fullest extent?

According to the expert's investigation, Many of Jingtai's loggings were not burned at the time, but were transformed by the previous generation of objects. This wonderful wire enamel furnace is the Yuan Dynasty enamel which was transformed during the period of Jingtai. Zan likes) the flower liner, the bottom foot and the two nose ears are the backend of the craftsman. There are still quite a few treasures of the Yuan Dynasty which have been transformed like this, by virtue of the high quality of the enamel in the Yuan Dynasty, the craftsman of Jing taichao earned the reputation of "enamel in the former workshop of Jing Tai" in the history of Chinese crafts, even the enamel of the metallic tube is named "cloisonne. Therefore, this Jingtai Dynasty imperial furnace is actually a masterpiece of the enamel craft of the Yuan Dynasty.

Colorful and golden heron Lotus grain statue
 
The colorful golden luon lotus pattern is elegant, colorful, and vivid.

This exquisite porcelain presents you with a natural and quiet summer lotus pond. Porcelain with white glaze as the ground, with red, yellow, green, blue, purple, gold and other colors to depict the lotus pond decoration. The water plants and duckweed in the pond ripple with waves; the green branches hold the huge lotus leaves, swaying with the wind; the red, purple, and golden lotus leaves, or waiting to be put, or charming; the Lotus is decorated with colorful butterflies and colorful flowers.

Wide variety of glaze bottles

The wide variety of glaze bottles on display, products of the period of the Qing Dynasty.

The biggest characteristic of this big bottle is its wide variety of glaze colors. The entire bottle is divided into 16 glaze segments from top to bottom, and various glaze segments are separated by golden circles. The mouth of the bottle is decorated with gold, purple, and green. The neck is decorated with green glaze, green glaze, and green glaze. Shoulder decoration kiln glaze, fighting color. Upper part of the abdomen is pink. The abdomen is decorated with 12 blue-colored gold, and auspicious pictures are painted in the inner. The lower abdomen and the foot are decorated with imitation Gog glaze, blue-and-white flowers, green land powder, red earth gold, imitation officials glaze, and blue glaze gold. The decoration made up of various glaze colors on the bottle body is also complicated and diverse.

The wide-color glaze bottle is a collection of ceramics from various generations in China. The process of this bottle is extremely complex. The formula and burning temperature of various glaze colors are different. It should be fired in the kiln multiple times according to the different requirements of glaze, glaze and high temperature and low temperature.

The theme is decorated in the abdomen of the bottle. The blue glaze is painted with gold, and the auspicious pink and colored patterns are 12 in total. 6 of them are realistic pictures, they are "sanyang kaitai", "Ji Qing Yu", "Dan Feng Chaoyang", "Peaceful Youxiang", "Xian Shan qiongge", and "Bo Gu JIU ding ". The other six pictures are wà N, bat, Ruyi, Panchi, Ganoderma lucidum, and flowers, meaning "Ten Thousand", "Blessing", "wishful", "evil", "Longevity", and "rich" respectively ". Green glaze should be applied inside the bottle and the circle, and the underfloor center should charge three lines of the blue-and-white paper "Grand Qing Qianlong year.

From the burning process, Qinghua and imitation officer glaze, imitation Ru glaze, imitation brother glaze, kiln glaze, pink blue glaze, blue glaze, etc. are high temperature glaze, color, need to first roasting. Low-temperature glaze, such as pink, enamel, golden color, and enamel, requires post-baking. Such a complex process can be completed smoothly only when various glaze and color properties are fully grasped.

During the Qing Dynasty, the Qianlong period lasted 60 years and formed the peaceful flourishing State of feudal society. At this time, due to Emperor Qianlong's ancient habits, he had a special liking for porcelain, and the painstaking efforts of Tang Ying, the Governor of Tao Guan, to operate the Jingdezhen kiln factory, a large number of skilled craftsmen gathered in Jingdezhen, as a result, the production of porcelain in the kiln has reached an unprecedented level in both quantity and quality. In particular, a variety of novelty Yin clever products are emerging one after another, and the high technology of Yin is an amazing task. This wide variety of glaze and color bottle combines various high-temperature, low-temperature glaze and colors. It is known as the "Porcelain Mother". It embodies the superb porcelain production skills at that time, precious.

Link
Lessons 6 of the Palace Museum scenic spots: On the Wenhua temple courtyard
Walking around Beijing central axis (Full Set)
Walking around Beijing central axis (7): Lessons from midday to wumen
Official Website of the Palace Museum
Beijing five-day self-help travel intelligence compilation (reprinted)