Linux basic configuration and Management 7 software Installation: source code and Tarball

Introduction to an open source software installation and upgrade

1 Linux software is almost all licensed under the GPL, so each software provides almost all the source code, and you can modify the program code

2 on the Linux system, a file can be executed to see if there is any executable permission (with x permissions), but the real-recognized executables on Linux are actually binary files, such as/usr/bin/passwd

3 program code file is actually a general plain text file, after the completion of this source file, and then to be the file "compiled" to become the operating system to see the binary file, and to compile nature to write "compiler" to operate, after compiling and linking the compiler program, A binary program that can be executed is generated

4 Anyway, we can say that.

Open Source: Is the program code, for Human to see the program language, but the machine does not know, so can not perform

Compiling programs: Translating program code into a machine-understood language, like turning the editor's role

Executable: A file that the machine can read after it has been compiled into a binary program

The 5 function library is similar to the role of a subroutine, which can be called to perform a functional function. Divided into static function library and dynamic function library

6 Sometimes there are a bunch of program code files that we need to compile manually, but a lot of compiler commands let us write crazy, and this time we can use the function of make this command to simplify the compiler process.

7 when made, make will search the current directory makefile this text file, while the makefile inside records how the source code compiled details, make will automatically determine whether the source is changed and automatically update the execution file

How did 8 makefile come into being? Generally we will have a configure currently under the current, this configure detection program can find the function library, compiler and other information

9 The so-called Tarball file, in fact, is the software of all the source files first to tar packaging, and then compression technology to compress, usually the most common is gzip to compress, because the use of the TAR and gzip features, so the Tarball file general extension of *. tar.gz, or *.tgz.

How the Tarball of 101 software is installed, the basic process is this

1 Download the tarball from the manufacturer's Web page

2 will tarball decompression, generate a lot of source code files

3 Start compiling the source code with GCC (the target file will be generated)

4 then use GCC for function library, main program, subroutine link to form the main binary file

5 Install the above binaries and related file configurations onto your own hosts