Linux Basic consolidation-Software installation and uninstallation

Redhat/centos/fedora/suse Series:

Excerpt from website: http://www.runoob.com/linux/linux-yum.html

Yum (Yellow dog Updater, Modified) is a shell front-end package manager in Fedora and Redhat as well as in SuSE.

Based on RPM package management, the ability to automatically download the RPM package from the specified server and install, can automatically handle dependency relationships, and install all dependent software packages at once, without the tedious download and installation.

Yum provides commands to find, install, and delete one, a group, or even all of the packages, and the commands are concise and well-remembered.

Yum syntax

Yum [options][command][package ...]

• Options : optional, option includes-H (Help),-y (when the installation process prompts you to select all "Yes"),-Q (does not show the installation process), and so on.
• command: the operation to be performed.
• The object for the package operation.

Yum Common Commands

• 1. List all updatable software inventory commands: Yum check-update
• 2. Update all software commands: Yum update
• 3. Install only the specified software commands: Yum install <package_name>
• 4. Update only the specified software commands: Yum update <package_name>
• 5. List all installed software inventory commands: Yum list
• 6. Remove Package Command: Yum remove <package_name>
• 7. Find package Commands: Yum search <keyword>
• 8. Clear the Cache command:
  • Yum Clean Packages: Clear the cache directory for packages
  • Yum Clean headers: Clear headers in cache directory
  • Yum Clean oldheaders: Clears the old headers from the cache directory
  • Yum Clean, yum clear all (= Yum packages; yum oldheaders): Clears the cache directory of the package and the old headers

Example:

Instance1Installing Pam-Devel[[email protected]~]# Yum Install pam-develsetting up installprocessparsingpackage install argumentsresolvingdependencies<== Check the Software property dependencies first--Running Transaction Check ... (omitted) instance2Remove Pam-Devel[[email protected]~]# Yum Remove pam-develsetting up Removeprocessresolvingdependencies<== the same, first solve the problem of attribute dependencies--Running transaction checkupdate0package (s) remove1package (s)<== Fortunately, and there is no attribute dependency problem, simply remove a software isthis OK [y/N]: Y omitted ..... Complete!Example3using Yum's capabilities, find out what software names start with Pam. [[Email protected]~]# Yum List pam*installedpackages omitted ... Pam_smb.i3861.1.7-7.2.1Installed availablepackages<==below is an "upgradeable" or "not Installed" ellipsis .... Pam_krb5.i3862.2. --10Base

View Code domestic Yum Source

NetEase163Yum Source is one of the best yum sources in the country, both in terms of speed and software version, are very good. Setting the Yum source to 163 Yum can increase the speed of package installation and update, while avoiding the inability of some common software versions to be found. Installation steps first back up/etc/yum.repos.d/centos-BASE.REPOMV/etc/yum.repos.d/centos-base.repo/etc/yum.repos.d/centos-Base.repo.backup Download the corresponding version repo file and put/etc/yum.repos.d/(please do the appropriate backup before operation) Centos5:http://Mirrors.163.com/.help/centos5-base-163.repoCentos6:http://Mirrors.163.com/.help/centos6-base-163.reporun the following command to generate the cache yum Clean Allyum Makecache Besides NetEase, there are other good sources of Yum in China, such as Zhong Ke and Sohu. Zhong ke yum Source, installation method view: https://Lug.ustc.edu.cn/wiki/mirrors/help/centosSohu Yum Source installation Method view: http://mirrors.sohu.com/help/centos.html

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Ubuntu/debain Series:

excerpt from website: http://www.cnblogs.com/pswzone/archive/2012/04/09/2438885.htmlapt-get Common Commands

One, what's the Apt-get

Premium Packaging Tools (English: Advanced packaging tools, abbreviation: APT) is a package manager for Debian and its derivative distributions (e.g., Ubuntu). Apt can automatically download, configure, install binary or source-code packages, thus simplifying the process of managing software on UNIX systems, Apt-get commands typically require root access, so follow the sudo command generally.

Two, apt-get Chinese parameter

Usage:

apt-get [Options] Command apt-get [options] Install|remove pkg1 [pkg2 ...]

Apt-get [options] Source pkg1 [pkg2 ...]

Options:

-------------------Download only--s not physically installed. Simulation execution Command --m if the archive cannot be located, try to continue ---B to get the source package compiled-V show the detailed version number -c=? Read this configuration file -o=? Set custom configuration options, such as-O dir::cache=/tmp

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Three, Apt-get common examples

Apt-cache SearchPackageNameSearch Packages
Apt-cache ShowPackageNameGet information about a package, such as description, size, version, and more
Apt-get InstallPackageNameInstall package
Apt-get InstallPackageName--reinstall Reinstall package
Apt-get-f install fix "-F =–fix-missing"
Apt-get RemovePackageNameDelete Package
Apt-get RemovePackageName--purge Delete a package, including deleting a configuration file, etc.
Apt-get Update Source
Apt-get Upgrade Update installed packages
Apt-get Dist-upgrade Upgrade System
Apt-get Dselect-upgrade using Dselect upgrade
Apt-cache dependsPackageNameUnderstanding the use of dependencies
Apt-cache RdependsPackageNameis to see which packages are dependent on the package
Apt-get BUILD-DEPPackageNameInstall the relevant compilation environment
Apt-get SourcePackageNameDownload the source code for the package
Apt-get clean cleanup of useless packages
Apt-get AutoClean Cleaning up useless packages
Apt-get Check to see if there is a corrupted dependency

Source Package Compilation installation:

Role:

1, the software according to the needs of users to be customized;

2, two times development; note: To be based on the license certificate Agreement of the software, developer license two times to develop;

Skills:

1, before the installation can see the package decompression Redme or similar files, here are generally related to the introduction of installation methods;

2. Partial execution./configure packages can be executed first #./configure--help See what optional parameters are available;

Several installation methods (reference URL: http://itlab.idcquan.com/linux/set/39862.html):

Mode one (MOST): Unzip, configure, make, do install (now added Cmke, gmake such as MySQL, see the software package with the introduction of the document)

Mode two (Python, Perl related part): Unzip, python file name. py install, such as Django

Method Three: Unzip the execute. sh file, such as Oracle

Mode four: Execute the. bin file (I haven't seen much, there is a very small part of it)

Linux Basic consolidation-Software installation and uninstallation