One, RPM package
1. RPM Database directory:/var/lib/rpm
2, RPM function: Installation, query, uninstall, upgrade, calibration, database reconstruction, check the data packet, and other work;
3, RPM Package components:
A) Main package:
such as: bind-9.7.1-1.el5.i586.rpm
B) Sub-package:
such as: bind-libs-9.7.1-1.el5.i586.rpm
bind-utils-9.7.1-1.el5.i586.rpm
4, RPM Package name format: name-version (major.minor.releas)-release.arch.rpm
A) Major.minor.release said:
Major version number: significant improvements
Minor version number: A significant change in a child function
Issue number: Fixed some bugs, adjusted a bit of functionality
b) Release.arch said:
Release: version and Support system;
Arch says: What platform is supported to run; Noarch means that it can be run under either 32-bit or 64-bit platforms; PPC indicates PowerPC under operation; for example: bind-9.7.1-1.noarch.rpm and bind-9.7.1-1.ppc.rpm;
Second, RPM Package Management command
1. Installation
Rpm-i/path/to/package_file
-H: Show progress by #, each # represents 2%;
-V: Show detailed procedures
-VV: A more detailed process
Rpm-ivh/path/to/package_file
such as: rpm-ivh/mnt/centos/zsh-4.2.6-8.el5.i386.rpm
--nodeps: Ignoring dependencies;
--replacepkgs: Re-install, replace the original installation;
--force: Forced installation, can be re-installed or degraded;
such as: Rpm-ivh--replacepkgs/mnt/centos/zsh-4.2.6-8.el5.i386.rpm
2. Enquiry
A) rpm-q package_name: Query whether the specified package has been installed;
b) Rpm-qa: Query All packages that have been installed;
Example: Rpm-qa | grep "^z
c) Rpm-qi package_name: Query The description information of the specified package;
d) RPM-QL package_name: Query the list of files generated after the installation of the specified package;
e) RPM-QC paceage_neme: Query the configuration file for the specified package installation;
f) RPM-QD package_name: Query the Help file for the specified package installation;
g) rpm-q--scripts package_name: Query the script contained in the specified package;
such as: Rpm-q--scripts zsh
h) Rpm-qf/path/to/somefile: Queries the specified file is generated by which RPM package is installed;
such as: Rpm-qf/etc/inittab
i) if a RPM package has not been installed, we need to query its description information and install the files that will be generated later:
Rpm-qpi/path/to/package_file
Rpm-qpl
3. Upgrade
A) Rpm-uvh/path/to/new_package_file: If the old version is installed, upgrade;
such as: RPM-UVH nano-1.3.12-1.1.1.gls.i386.rpm
b) Rpm-fvh/path/to/new_package_file: If the old version is installed, then upgrade;
--oldpackage: Downgrade
4. Uninstall
RPM-E package_name
--nodeps: Ignoring dependencies;
5. Check
Rpm-v package_name: Verify that the installed files are modified;
6. Rebuilding the database
Rpm
--REBUILDDB: Rebuilding the database will be re-established;
--INITDB: Initialize the database, not only build, there is no need to establish;
7, check the source legality, and package integrity;
A) encryption type:
Symmetric: Encrypt and decrypt using the same key
Public key: A pair of keys, public key, private key, the public key is implied in the private key, can be extracted, and publicly out;
Unidirectional:
b) RH key file:/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/rpm-gpg-key-redhat-release
c) How to verify?
C1) RPM--import/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/rpm-gpg-key-redhat-release: Import Key file
C2) Rpm-k/papt/to/package_file
DSA, GPG: Verification of the legitimacy of the source, that is, to verify the signature; You can use--nosignature to skip this item;
SHA1, MD5: Verification package integrity, can use--nodigest, skip this;
This article is from "Nick Liu's blog," Please make sure to keep this source http://zkhylt.blog.51cto.com/3638719/1410543