mysql5.5 compile-free installation and script start error in depth

Mysql Introduction to Installation Environment:

I'm doing MHA recently. Already installed heartbeat and DRBD, now ready to install MySQL.

Mysql installation directory:/opt/mysql

Mysql Data Catalog:/data/mysql

Note: The/data directory is actually a disk partition that DRBD needs to synchronize to the standby node

[Email protected] src]# df-h

Filesystem Size used Avail use% mounted on

/dev/sda2 9.5G 2.0G 7.1G 22%/

Tmpfs 932M 0 932M 0%/dev/shm

/DEV/SDA1 190M 58M 123M 32%/boot

/dev/drbd0 19G 832M 17G 5%/data

One, MySQL free compilation installation (you can directly copy the command line to execute or save to the shell script)

#1 , decompression configuration

Yum Install-y libaio-devel

Cd/usr/local/src

[!-F mysql-5.5.49-linux2.6-x86_64.tar.gz ] && \

wget http://mirrors.sohu.com/mysql/MySQL-5.5/mysql-5.5.49-linux2.6-x86_64.tar.gz

Tar zxf mysql-5.5.49-linux2.6-x86_64.tar.gz

mkdir/opt/

mv mysql-5.5.49-linux2.6-x86_64 /opt/mysql-5.5.49

Ln-s/opt/mysql-5.5.49/opt/mysql

#2 , create users

if! ID Mysql;then

Useradd mysql-s/sbin/nologin-m

Fi

# can write down:! ID mysql && useradd mysql-s/sbin/nologin-m # # # # #

#还有一种脱裤子放屁的做法.

#groupadd MySQL

#useradd-G mysql-m MySQL

MySQL group is created when #用useradd MySQL, and I don't know why I added the group first

#3 , initializing the database, single-instance startup

/opt/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db--datadir=/data/mysql--basedir=/opt/mysql--user=mysql

Cp/etc/my.cnf/etc/my.cnf.ori

Grep-ev "#|^$"/OPT/MYSQL/SUPPORT-FILES/MY-INNODB-HEAVY-4G.CNF >/etc/my.cnf

Cp/opt/mysql/support-files/mysql.server/etc/init.d/mysqld

Chkconfig mysqld on

#chmod +x/etc/init.d/mysqld (default already has X permission)

#4, adding environment variables

echo "Path=/opt/mysql/bin: $PATH" >>/etc/profile

. /etc/profile

#4, modify/ETC/MY.CNF or/etc/init.d/mysqld (temporarily do not modify, let the script start error)

Basedir=/opt/mysql

Datadir=/data/mysql

***************************************************************************************

1 , installation Errors

[Email protected] src]#/opt/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db--datadir=/data/mysql--basedir=/opt/mysql--user=mysql

Installing MySQL system tables ...

/opt/mysql/bin/mysqld: errorwhile loading shared libraries:libaio.so.1:cannot Open Shared object File:nosuch file O R directory

Solution: Yum install-y libaio-devel

2 , start error 1: Basedir and DataDir not specified

[[email protected] src] #service mysqld start

/etc/init.d/mysqld:line 256:my_print_defaults:command NotFound

/etc/init.d/mysqld:line 276:CD:/usr/local/mysql:no suchfile or directory

Starting MySQL error! Couldn ' t find MySQL server (/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe)

3, start error 2

If Basedir=/opt/mysql is specified, but datadir= is empty, startup will error.

[[email protected] src] #service mysqld restart

error! MySQL server PID file could not befound!

Starting mysql.error! The server quit without updating PID file (/opt/mysql/data/mysql1.pid).

[[email protected] src] #vi/etc/init.d/mysqld

4, start error 3

And neither Basedir nor DataDir have specified.

[[email protected] src] #service mysqld restart

/etc/init.d/mysqld:line 256:my_print_defaults:command not found

/etc/init.d/mysqld:line 256:my_print_defaults:command not found

error! MySQL server PID file could not befound!

/etc/init.d/mysqld:line 256:my_print_defaults:command not found

/etc/init.d/mysqld:line 276:CD:/usr/local/mysql:no such file or directory

Starting mysqlerror! Couldn ' t find MySQL server (/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe)

***********************************************************************************

A few days ago to solve the production environment of the foot of the problem, now the error analysis of the principle of the following:

Take a look at the/etc/init.d/mysqld startup script below for an explanation of the bold section.

# If You install MySQL in some other placesthan/usr/local/mysql and then you

# The following things for Thisscript and work:

#

#-Run Thisscript from within the MySQL installation directory

#-Create a/etc/my.cnf file with the following information:

# [mysqld]

# Basedir=<path-to-mysql-installation-directory>

#-ADD The Aboveto any other configuration file (for example ~/.my.ini)

# and copy my_print_defaults To/usr/bin

#-Add The Pathto the mysql-installation-directory to the Basedir variable

# below.

#

# If you want toaffect other MySQL variables, you should make your changes

# in THE/ETC/MY.CNF, ~/.my.cnf or other MySQL configuration files.

# If You changebase dir, your must also change datadir. These may get

# If You changebase dir, your must also change datadir. These may get

# overwritten Bysettings in the MySQL configuration files.

Basedir=

Datadir=

# Default Value,in seconds, afterwhich the script should timeout waiting

# for ServerStart.

# Value here Isoverriden by Value in MY.CNF.

# 0 means don ' twait at all

# negative Numbersmean to wait indefinitely

service_startup_timeout=900

# Lock Directoryfor Redhat/suse.

Lockdir= '/var/lock/subsys '

Lock_file_path= "$lockdir/mysql"

# The Followingvariables is only set for letting Mysql.server find things.

# Set Somedefaults

Mysqld_pid_file_path=

If Test-z "$basedir"

Then

Basedir=/usr/local/mysql

Bindir=/usr/local/mysql/bin

If Test-z "$datadir"

Then

Datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data

Fi

Sbindir=/usr/local/mysql/bin

Libexecdir=/usr/local/mysql/bin

Else

Bindir= "$basedir/bin"

If Test-z "$datadir"

Else

Bindir= "$basedir/bin"

If Test-z "$datadir"

Then

Datadir= "$basedir/data"

Fi

Sbindir= "$basedir/sbin"

Libexecdir= "$basedir/libexec"

Fi

Translation:

1. If Basedir does not specify a MySQL installation path, the startup script will start with/usr/local/mysql as the installation path. So MySQL is not installed under/usr/local, boot must fail

2. If basedir=/opt/mysql specifies the MySQL installation path, and the path to MySQL installation is in/opt/mysql case. When datadir= is empty, the startup script will $basedir/data (that is,/opt/mysql/data) as the MySQL data directory. Usually we are used to put the data directory under/data/mysql. At this point the boot will error:

Starting MySQL. error! The server quit without Updatingpid file (/opt/mysql/data/mysql1.pid).

3, Summary: When starting with/etc/init.d/mysql, it is best to set the value of Basedir and DataDir in/etc/init.d/mysqld. or add it under [Mysqld] in/etc/my.cnf.

[Mysqld]

#port = 3306

Socket =/tmp/mysql.sock

Basedir=/opt/mysql

Datadir=/data/mysql

I don't know if I can say it clearly. We recommend that you look at the MySQL startup script file again.

Experience: MySQL recently encountered a lot of problems, fortunately most of the errors can be found through the log on Baidu. Explains the fiery level of MySQL use and the spirit of sharing

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mysql5.5 compile-free installation and script start error in depth