Network device configuration and management----Configure static routing for two companies to interconnect network

Theoretical learning

Question 1: What is the difference between static and dynamic routes?

1> Static routing is a fixed route set in the router , and dynamic routing is performed by the configured dynamic routing protocol for automatic routing calculation and routing table entry updates .

2> Static routing does not work as well as dynamic routing

the 3> Dynamic routing protocol accounts for bandwidth and CPU Resources , and does not have high static routes for execution priority .  

Question 2: Describe the components of a route and the role of each element?

Constituent elements: Routing type, destination network, subnet mask, forwarding interface or next-hop gateway, administrative distance, measures, etc.

Route type: Represents the type or source of a route table entry

Destination network: Need to forward data to destination network address

Subnet mask: The data coordinates of the calibration network address

Forwarding Interface: Router forwarding hardware interface to destination network

Next Gateway: IP address of the interface of the peer router that reaches the destination network direction and this router is connected , the first neighbor router used for packet forwarding

Administrative distance: Sets the priority of each route

Measures: Various routing protocols measure the "path length" of the destination network

Question 3: What is the difference between normal and default routes?

command format for normal routing:Router (config) # ip Router [ destination network ] [ subnet mask ]{ Forwarding interface / Next-Hop gateway }

The default route is a special static route. The default route refers to the default route that is configured if the query routing table cannot find a specific route to the destination network.

Task description

A,B Two companies have their own independent local area network. And together far (more than a few meters), now the merger of the two companies, the need to lay fiber to achieve the two corporate LAN network communication and resource sharing.

Work task implementation

1. Network topology structure design

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2. Device configuration commands (each router is configured separately)

R1 Router configuration:

Go to router, rename to R1

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respectively, to the router two port addresses,

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R2 Router configuration:

Enter the router, renamed to R2,

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Enter the two ports of the router, respectively, to address,

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Configuring routing for R1

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Configuring routing for R2

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3. single-segment test results

Give PC0 Configure address,

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Configure addresses for PC1,

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PC0 Ping Router R1 f0/0 interface IP

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Router R1 ping router R2 interface f1/0

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F0/1 interface for ping router R2 from Computer PC1

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Can ping through , indicating that a single-segment test passes .

4. Comprehensive test results

with PC0 Ping PC1

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5 .  view routes for each router

View R1 routes

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View R2 Routes

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Work extension

If three routers are connected to four subnets, how to configure the route, listing the routes configured by each router

1. using fine-grained routing configuration

R1 Router

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R2 Router

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Netcom Router

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2. using the default routing configuration

R1 Router

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R2 Router

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Netcom Router

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Consider the question:

1. How is the point-by-points test applied?

1): Ping the router's F0/1 interface IP address on a computer, if the ping general is next, if the ping is not possible due to a computer's gateway Setup error

(2) The previous step of the test successfully, continue to ping the R2 router's f0/0 interface IP address on a computer, if the ping general to proceed to the next step, if not ping may be due to the R2 router does not set the destination of a computer network route caused by

(3) The previous step of the test successfully, continue to ping the R2 router's F0/1 interface IP address on a computer, if the ping general to proceed to the next step, if not ping may be due to the R1 router is not set R2 router F0/1 interface Destination network routing caused by

(4) The previous step test succeeded, continue to ping the IP address of the B computer on the a computer, if the ping pass description of the full network, if not ping pass may be due to the B computer did not set the gateway or set the error caused by

2. In the process of pinging , the response information is represented by several types, respectively.

(1) "Reply from 192.168.1.1:destination host Unreachable" indicates that the destination address is unreachable and this information is due to router routing not configured or misconfigured

(2) "Request timed out" prompt can not ping, there are many reasons for this information, such as the possible target host is not turned on, or the destination address does not exist, or the network line has a problem, or the other side to open the firewall and so on

(3) "Reply from 192.168.1.1:bytes=32 time=20ms ttl=125" explains this line connectivity

3. describe your router's forwarding process in your own words ?

(1) after the packet arrives at the router, it discovers that there is no routing table entry for the destination network, and then discards the packet, that is, it cannot Ping Pass.

(2) after the packet arrives at the first router, it queries the data table and looks for the routing table entry for the destination network. In the case of a direct-attached route, the second router can be directly generated, corresponding to a forwarding interface. At this point, the second router will send a reply packet like the original network host, and if the router has the original network host route, the reply packet will be sent successfully.

(3) The packet arrives at the first router to query the routing table entry, and if multiple routes are reachable to the destination network, the optimal path is determined by the administrative distance, and the data forwarding is selected with the least administrative distance. The routing of the general purpose network is determined by static routing,RIP dynamic routing, because static routing management distance is small, so static route forwarding is generally used. Locate the next Hop gateway address for the static route, forward the packet to the second router, query the routing table for the destination address, and if it is a direct-attached route, it forwards the forwarding interface from the second router to the target host, and the destination host receives the packet to respond to the source host. If the routing table for the two routers is complete, the package will answer successfully.

If the first router does not have a static route configured, only RIPis configured, and if there are two rip-generated routesarriving at the destination network , then the metric determines which route is selected for packet forwarding.

This article is from the Pisces Shan Light blog, so be sure to keep this source http://shan123.blog.51cto.com/9976131/1629201

Network device configuration and management----Configure static routing for two companies to interconnect network