Network Server Architecture Overview

For campus servers, after a long term of operation, the various systems on the servers have been disordered. At this time, I am afraid I have to reinstall the operating system or application software. Below we will explain some issues that need to be paid attention to during the software maintenance process.

　　Preparations before installation

Back up the necessary data before maintaining the operating system. You can use an additional hard disk or a burner to back up data. In addition, before re-installing the system, you need to check whether the hardware works properly and download the latest hardware driver installation disk (CD or floppy disk) from the Internet. Otherwise, the system may not be installed successfully. In particular, some RAID card drivers must be supported by a floppy disk, because you are required to insert a drive disk when installing the operating system.

　　Operating System Installation

After you confirm that everything is ready, you can reinstall the operating system. First, you need to format the hard disk. after starting the system with the boot disk of the operating system, run the format command. If necessary, you can partition the hard disk again, but do not perform low-level formatting on the hard disk unless it is confirmed that the hard disk has a bad track.

After formatting the hard disk, install the operating system. After the operating system is installed, install the driver program of the video card, Nic, scsicard, and motherboard to make the operating system run properly.

In addition, please note that after installing the operating system, remember to download and install the latest operating system patch to ensure that the server has the least security vulnerabilities.

　　Set and start Network Services

It is not feasible to install the operating system only. At this time, the server has not provided various network services, so you need to perform a series of settings on the server. The following describes several important network services.

1. DNS Service

DNS (Domain Name resolution system) is one of the most important network services in TCP/IP-based networks. It is mainly used to provide resolution services from host names to IP addresses. In a network composed of Windows 2000 server, the DNS service is at the core. Without DNS, the Windows 2000 network will not work. Therefore, you must have at least one DNS server in the Windows 2000 network.

2. Domain Controller

Windows NT/2000 has the domain concept. A network with a domain can achieve single account single record, universal resource access, that is, as long as there is a valid account on the domain controller, you can access the resources of other servers in the domain. Without a domain controller, only one peer network can be formed. Peer networks are troublesome in terms of permission control and resource management. Therefore, you must first install the domain controller in the network. If the network already has a domain controller, you do not have to install the domain controller, but you can set this server as a backup domain controller, when a domain controller fails, another domain controller can take over its work.

3. Dhcp Service

DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) is a network service in which the server provides IP addresses and IP addresses of other network services (such as the IP addresses of DNS and default gateways) to other clients. In a network of dozens or more computers, DHCP can greatly facilitate the use of client IP addresses, dns ip addresses, default gateway IP addresses, and so on, this greatly reduces the difficulty of network management. DHCP should be used unless there are only a few computers.

4. Web Services

Web services are the basic functions provided by servers, especially on campus networks? After you copy the data on the home page of the campus network to the server, you need to reset the Web service so that the home page of the campus network can run properly.

　　Application System Installation

After installing and setting basic network services, you need to install various server application systems. The following describes several necessary application systems.

1. E-Mail Service

E-mail is one of the most frequently used network services in the network, so the e-mail server is indispensable. There are many mail server software. In Windows NT/2000, the most commonly used is of course the Exchange Server. in Linux, the most commonly used mail server software is sendmail. Due to space limitations, the specific installation and settings will not be discussed.

2. Database Service

Database Service is also a common service provided by servers. Many application systems are deployed on the basis of database servers. In the Windows NT/2000 network, the most common database service system is ms SQL Server. in Linux, the most common database service system is My SQL. You can also use Oracle and other large database systems.

3. Proxy Service

At present, many schools use proxy servers to connect to the Internet, which can save a lot of Internet access fees. Common proxy servers include Sygate, Wingate, and Ms proxy. Some software not only needs to be installed on the server, but also on the client. Therefore, ensure that the client and the server are consistent during installation.

4. Other Application Systems

Installing these services is far from enough, because other application systems, such as educational and teaching resource libraries, campus management systems, e-libraries, and e-lesson preparation systems, must be run on campus servers. The installation of these software varies, and you can proceed step by step according to the instructions.

OK, after a series of steps above, the new server is now appearing again in front of you. We believe that the server to be installed will be able to perform better in the next semester's work.

　　Expert prompt

1. Preparations before installation

Before you reinstall the operating system, you must first determine whether to reinstall the operating system. If necessary, determine the version of the operating system, database, Web Service, mail service, and other application programs, whether to use the current version, or upgrade. After that, prepare the operating system, patch programs, applications, and drivers. It is best to use the driver provided by the manufacturer.

There are many ways to back up data. The practical method on campus network is network backup or tape drive backup. During backup, the file system and database should be distinguished. It is easy to copy the file system backup. Database Backup cannot be simply copied. Backup should be performed using backup tools under the database, you can also use dedicated backup software, such as Veritas, IBM, CA, netapp, and other company Backup management software.

2. Operating System Installation

If the hard disk was previously installed with Unix, the hard disk partition is not a FAT partition, but a partition such as VFS, e2fs, and e3fs; or the hard disk is raid, the first 16 K bytes of the hard disk will save the raid settings, in this case, to ensure that the system installation is not affected, clear the information. You can use a small tool to completely clear the system partition information, which is the clear program, which can completely clear the partition information of the hard disk. If the clear program cannot be found, you can use fdisk/MBR to clear the Master Boot Record.

When installing the driver in the system, it is best to use the driver provided by the manufacturer. Do not use the driver for system self-check. In many cases, the driver for system self-check may have various problems. For example, if you use an NT self-check scsicard driver, the system cannot find the hard disk. If you use an NT self-check Nic, the system blue screen is displayed. If you use a Linux self-check RAID card driver, the system crashes during installation; the NIC of SCO openserver self-check will be disconnected when the amount of big data is transferred.

3. Set and start Network Services

To optimize the system performance and properly apply the system's CPU and memory resources, you need to determine which services are required during system operation, start the services required by the system, and disable unnecessary services. For example, if your server is just a Web server, there is no need to enable DNS, DHCP, ICF, or IPSec services. If you do not want to remotely manage the server, you can also disable the Telnet service, in this way, the system performance will be optimized.