Nginx Notes and summaries (6) Location: Exact match

In the/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf server segment, location represents a different positioning based on the URI: the different parts of the site are targeted to different processing methods, for example, how to invoke the PHP interpreter in the. php file.

Location Syntax:

Location [=|~|~*|^~]/uri/{...}

The location type is divided into:

Location = Patt {}[exact match]

Location Patt {}[General match]

Location = ~patt {}[regular match]

Precision Matching

Match the first to see if there is no exact match, if any, then stop the matching process:

Location = Patt {

Config A

}

if $uri = = Patt, the match succeeds, using config A.

"Example Step 1"

Comment out the server information that was previously configured in/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf, edit it in the default server segment, and then access 192.168.254.100 to display

At this point the configuration of the location in the server segment is:

        Location/{            root   html;            Index  index.html index.htm;        }

At this point, access to 192.168.254.100 actually access the directory is:/usr/local/nginx/html/index.html

Note: The absolute path to HTML in root is/usr/local/nginx/html, and there is only one index.html file in the directory

"Example Step 2"

At this point, add a precise match (priority match, and immediately stop the matching process) at the top of the general match location/, at which point the location information is:

        Location =/{            root  /var/www;            Index  index.html index.htm;        }        Location/{            root   html;            Index  index.html index.htm;        }

To show the difference, the exact matching directory is set to/var/www, which has only one file Index.htm:i ' m/var/www/index.htm

Smooth restart Nginx

Access Http://192.168.254.100/, still showing

The reason: When the input 192.168.254.100 this IP, is actually access to a file, the exact match to find the file is index.html, that is, access to 192.168.254.100 is Access 192.168.254.100/ Index.html, you can only access the HTML (absolute path to/usr/local/nginx/html) index.html in this case, which explains why the Welcome to Nginx page appears.

"Example Step 3"

But once the exact match of the index.html and index.htm is swapped, the position:

        Location =/{            root  /var/www;            Index  index.htm index.html;        }        Location/{            root   html;            Index  index.html index.htm;        }

　　

When you access http://192.168.254.100/, 404 Not Found appears:

View/usr/local/nginx/logs/error.log:

Tip/usr/local/nginx/html/index.htm can't find

"Example Step 4"

Modify the location of the exact match, at which point the location information is:

        Location =/index.htm {            root  /var/www/;            Index  index.htm index.html;        }        Location/{            root   html;            Index  index.html index.htm;        }

Smooth restart Nginx, Access http://192.168.254.100/index.htm, show I ' m/var/www/index.htm

The exact match was taken and matched to the file/var/www/index.htm

"Example Step 5"

Modify the location of the common match, at which point the location information is:

        Location =/index.htm {            root  /var/www/;            Index  index.htm index.html;        }        location/index.htm {            root   html;            Index  index.html index.htm;        }

Smooth restart Nginx, Access http://192.168.254.100/index.htm, show I ' m/var/www/index.htm:

Indicates that the exact match takes precedence over the normal match.

"Example Step 6"

At this point, direct access to http://192.168.254.100/, that is, neither exact match nor ordinary match, the actual page accessed is/usr/local/nginx/html/index.html:

"Example Step 7"

Add a location configuration information (2nd), at which point the location configuration information is:

        Location =/index.htm {            root  /var/www/;            Index  index.htm index.html;        }                Location =/{            root   /var/www/;            Index  index.htm index.html;        }                        location/index.htm {            root   html;            Index  index.htm index.html;        }

When the http://192.168.254.100/is accessed, the 2nd exact match is hit, showing: I ' m/var/www/index.htm

Reference:

"Linux nginx config location syntax regular expression"

"Troubleshooting 403 Forbidden in Nginx server"

Nginx Notes and summaries (6) Location: Exact match