On the rationalization of industrial structure in the Middle city economic Zone
Abstract: The author believes that the rationalization of the industrial structure of the medium-sized urban economic zone determines the industrial development speed and economic benefits of the economic zone, and affects its future development level and development direction, therefore, it is of great significance to establish a reasonable industrial structure. The author puts forward the rationalization of the industrial structure of the medium-sized urban economic zone in the light of the problems of the industrial structure of the middle urban economic zone in Heilongjiang province, and emphasizes the combination of "pillar industry" with the realization of comprehensive development; to combine the specialization of industrial production with the diffusion of product parts; to bring into play the role of large-scale enterprises , excavating the potential of domestic technological innovation and combining with the introduction of new technology, insisting on the combination of the leading role of state-owned enterprises and the development of collective and individual enterprise.
At present, all over the province in accordance with the "CPC Central Committee on Economic restructuring decision" spirit, has carried out the medium-sized cities and the region's institutions to merge, the implementation of the city county new economic system. In this way, in the province-wide, in accordance with the various medium-sized cities, according to the natural contact, the establishment of various scales, different forms, open, network-type economic zone. such as Jiamusi Economic Zone, Mudanjiang Economic zone. These economic zones belong to the two or three-storey economic zone under the big economic Zone in Harbin, Heilongjiang province. What are the characteristics of the industrial structure of these medium-sized urban economic zones? What are the factors that affect the industrial structure? What are the criteria for rationalizing the industrial structure? What are the main ways to rationalize the industrial structure, and so on, need to be studied. This paper intends to discuss some superficial understandings on the above problems.
General characteristics of industrial structure in medium-sized urban economic zones
The so-called medium-sized city refers to a country in the middle of the two or three and other cities. In the present condition of our country, generally refers to the city that owns 20--50 million population. The so-called medium-sized urban economic zone refers to an open economic area which is based on a medium-sized city and is formed according to the natural connection. The industrial structure of the so-called medium City Economic Zone is the inter-link and quantity proportion of industrial reproduction in a medium-sized city economic zone.
The industrial structure of each medium-sized city economic zone has many different characteristics because of its different natural conditions and economic conditions. However, because of their similarities in urban scale, economic zone form, industrial nature and so on, they still have a lot of common general characteristics.
First of all, the industrial structure of the medium-sized urban economic zone compared with the industrial structure of large cities or small towns, has its own characteristics: first, from the size of the enterprise structure, big City economic zone of large enterprises accounted for a larger proportion of small town economic zone of small enterprises accounted for a larger proportion, and medium-sized urban economic zones accounted for a larger proportion Second, from the production technology structure, the industrial production level of the big city economic zone is higher, the industrial production level of the small town economic zone is low, and the middle City economic Zone is a multi-level structure with intermediate production technology as the main. Third, from the industrial sector structure, the big city industry is generally more complete departments, the focus of more departments, its structure presents a comprehensive type. Small town industry is generally less departments, mostly in agricultural products or mineral processing industries mainly, presenting a single type structure. The medium-sized city economic zone is different from the former two, it often only has one or two key departments or the key products, but has developed several supporting departments or products around the key department or the key product, the basic display specialized cooperation type structure.
Secondly, the industrial structure of the medium-sized urban economic zone is compared with the industrial structure of the urban and rural areas in the past, and has its own characteristics: the characteristics of the past urban industrial structure is the technology developed and the natural resources are poor; the industrial structure of the former county town is characterized by abundant natural resources and backward technology. Industrial structure Characteristics is to concentrate two favourable conditions and overcome two disadvantages, so that the two advantages of natural resources and science and technology are fully exerted.
Finally, the industrial structure of the medium-sized urban economic zone, compared with the agricultural structure and commercial structure, also has its own characteristics: the main activities of agriculture in rural areas, affected by rural natural environment, agricultural structure is generally different from rural natural conditions. The main activities of industry in the city, it requires a certain material and technical conditions, industrial structure generally due to the urban material and technical conditions vary. Business is as good as industry in urban development, but the commercial structure is mainly embodied in the form of purchase and sale of goods, the requirements of material and technical conditions are not as strict as industry.
Second, the main factors affecting the industrial structure of the medium-sized urban economic zone
The formation and change of industrial structure in the medium-sized city economic zone are influenced by many factors, which have the following factors under certain conditions of social economic system and economic system:
First, the development level of productivity, especially production technology. The development of medium-sized cities has a development process from low to high. When the level of productivity is still low, while manual labor dominates, the industrial sector and the industry are relatively small, and the links between them are not close nor extensive. With the continuous development of productive forces, the continuous improvement of production technology, social division of labor more and more fine, the industrial sector and the industry gradually increased, the links between them increasingly close, forming a mutually connected organic whole. For example, the Jiamusi region in the 50 's, industrial enterprises are not only a small number, the size of the smaller, and most of the "comprehensive rollup" of the repair plant, the degree of specialization is very low, the relationship is very small. But now, only Jiamusi district, not only has papermaking, textile, food and other light industry production departments, but also has agricultural machinery, coal machine, motor and other heavy industry production departments, as well as rubber, plastics, chemicals, electronics and other emerging industrial sectors. Moreover, the degree of centralization, specialization and union of industrial production has been strengthened, and the industrial structure has changed greatly.
Second, the local geographic location and the natural resource occupancy situation. At a certain level of science and technology and productivity, the geographical position of a region and the state of its main natural resources have a great influence on the industrial structure of the medium-sized urban economic zone. For example, some medium-sized urban economic zones have rich mineral resources, so the extractive industry in its industrial structure must account for a large proportion, and some medium-sized urban economic zones have abundant forest resources, so the timber industry in its industrial structure must occupy a large proportion. such as the Jiamusi Economic Zone, has the Sanjiang plain rich land resources, but also has a wide range of water and sea transportation conditions, as well as the surrounding several larger mining areas and forest borders, therefore, it will form a agricultural and sideline products processing industry, for the nearby mining areas, forest area to provide technical services industrial structure.
Thirdly, the change of social production and people's life to the structure of industrial demand. Under other conditions, the change of social demand structure will have a great impact on the change of industrial structure. From the production demand point of view, due to the increasing agricultural productivity, agricultural fertilizer, pesticide, plastic thin mold demand is increasing, will inevitably promote the development of medium-sized urban chemical industry, so that its proportion in the industrial structure increased. From the point of view of life, as people's living standards continue to improve, urban and rural people on TV, washing machines, electric fans and other household appliances demand increases, will inevitably promote the development of medium-sized urban household appliances industry, so that its proportion in the industrial structure has increased. Conversely, if the demand for a particular industrial product for social production and people's livelihood declines, it will directly result in a decline in the production of such products, reducing their share in the industrial structure.
Four, foreign trade situation. With the increasing of China's foreign trade, the relationship between industrial structure change and foreign trade situation is more and more close. Taking Jiamusi economic Zone as an example, in recent years, the number of agricultural auxiliary soil special products in Jiamusi region has been increasing continuously, which has promoted the development of local agricultural auxiliary native product processing industry. Jiamusi TV Factory Since the introduction of Japanese color TV sets of technical equipment, economic benefits continue to improve, So that the electronic industry in Jiamusi Economic Zone has a large development, the electronic industry in the entire industrial structure accounted for a greater proportion of the increase.
Basic signs of rationalization of industrial structure in the medium-sized urban economic zone
Industrial structure is an important part of the national economic structure, the industrial structure of the medium-sized urban economic zone reflects the industrial development level and development direction of this economic zone. Reasonable industrial structure is the necessary condition for the coordinated development of industry and the improvement of economic benefit. It is of great significance to establish a reasonable industrial structure for accelerating the modernization of the industrial zone in the medium-sized city.
To establish a reasonable industrial structure in the medium-sized urban economic zone, the following basic points should be met:
First of all, it should conform to socialist production. A medium-sized city economic zone highlights the development of what industrial sector, how the proportion of departments to determine, should continue to meet the growing material and cultural needs of urban and rural people as the starting point. At present, energy, transportation and industrial production sectors for agriculture and science and technology should be included in the key development sectors, so as to promote the rapid development of other industrial sectors.
Secondly, the development and full utilization of various resources should be beneficial. On the one hand, natural minerals and other natural resources should be exploited vigorously to develop mining industry, using agricultural and sideline products and forest resources, vigorously develop paper, food and other light industry, etc. On the other hand, we should make use of the technology and human resources of the city, and develop the production of productive materials especially agricultural machinery. In this way, the advantages of various resources in the medium-sized urban economic area are fully exerted.
Finally, the virtuous cycle of industrial production should be maintained. This means that the machinery, equipment, raw materials and fuel needed for industrial production in the medium-sized urban economic area can be supplied in a timely manner, and the technical and financial difficulties required in the process of industrial production can be resolved in a timely manner, and the products produced by industrial enterprises can be sold smoothly. To achieve this virtuous circle, not only requires the strong support of agriculture and commerce in the economic zone, but also strengthens the cooperation with other medium-sized cities and big city economic zones.
Of course, the rationalization of industrial structure in the so-called medium urban Economic zone is only a relative concept. Under different scientific and technological levels and different productivity situations, there are different requirements and standards, and with the development of social economy and technology, industrial structure must be developed along with it. Therefore, it is necessary to adjust the industrial structure in time in order to adapt to the new objective conditions of continuous development.
Iv. the main ways to rationalize the industrial structure of the medium-sized urban economic zone
At present, there are many unreasonable problems in the industrial structure of the middle urban economic zone in Heilongjiang province, which seriously affects the speed of industrial development and the improvement of economic benefits. Therefore, it is necessary to adjust the industrial structure in the economic system reform to rationalize the industrial structure of the middle City economic zone. To this end, we should focus on the following aspects of work:
1, highlight the "pillar industry" and realize the combination of comprehensive development, the establishment of a reasonable industrial structure. Each medium-sized city economic zone, has its own different resources and economic advantages, the use of these advantages can establish their own advantages of the industry, and take advantage of this industry as a "pillar", the advantages and disadvantages, which is determined by the law of industrial production specialization. However, it is impossible for any economic region to develop a certain one or two industries in isolation, but to establish a number of "derivative industries" or "supporting industries" under the leadership of "pillar industries". In order to realize the comprehensive development of industrial production in economic zone, some interdependent and mutually promoted industrial groups are formed. Taking Jiamusi economic Zone as an example, we should build up six "pillar industries" such as food, chemical industry, machinery, electronics, papermaking, textile and so on with abundant agricultural and sideline products and mineral resources. At the same time, eight industrial groups should be built around these industries. That is, chemical industry groups, plastic industry groups, sugar industry groups, paper industry groups, food industry groups, fiber industry groups, mining industry groups, building materials industry groups.
2, the implementation of industrial production specialization and product components diffusion combination, the establishment of a reasonable industrial product structure. Industrial production specialization cooperation is a scientific organization of industrial production of advanced forms, it is conducive to the expansion of production volume, easy to organize a large number of production and assembly, suitable for the use of special equipment, improve production efficiency. At present, the medium-sized urban economic zone industrial product structure has serious problems, each enterprise product variety, and the entire industrial sector of the product variety is very few, resulting in repeated production between enterprises, the economic benefits are poor. To change this situation, we should systematically implement the Division of Labor and Cooperation between urban and rural areas, enterprises, so as to minimize the product variety, the production of similar products as much as possible concentration. Therefore, some of the "all-around factories" in urban areas must be reformed, and some products are planned to spread to small rural towns. In particular, agricultural and sideline products processing industry, to be as far as possible from the central city to small rural towns transfer, to gradually achieve the rational layout of urban and rural industrial products.
3, play the role of large-scale backbone enterprises and the development of small and medium-sized enterprises to establish a reasonable enterprise scale structure. Centralization of production is an inevitable trend of industrial enterprise scale development, with the increase of industrial productivity and technical level, the scale of enterprises will continue to expand, large enterprises in industrial enterprises in the proportion of more and more. Large enterprises in the industrial development is the backbone of production technology, economic benefits of the major, the development of the whole industry plays an important role. However, small and medium-sized enterprises are not insignificant, it has a small scale, flexible operation, strong adaptability and so on, must also vigorously develop. Only the establishment of large, medium and small enterprises at the same time the development of enterprise scale structure, can form a division of cooperation, complete set reasonable industrial enterprise system.
4, excavate the potential of domestic technological transformation and do a good job of the introduction of new technology to establish a reasonable industrial technology structure. The technical level of the medium-sized city economic zone is generally in the middle and low stage, which is far from the big city economic Zone, and the difference is bigger than the industrial technology of the developed country. To change this backward state of technology, we must work from two aspects: one is to do a good job in the technical cooperation between the domestic urban economic zones, and to maximize the potential of domestic technological transformation. The second is to actively and steadily introduce foreign advanced technology, speed up the technological transformation of China's industry and shorten the gap between industrial technology and foreign industrial technology in China. In this way, the proportion of modern technology is rising continuously, the proportion of traditional technology and general technology is declining, and the industrial technology structure is promoted to a more reasonable direction.
5, adhere to the leading role of state-owned enterprises and the development of collective and individual enterprise combination, establish a reasonable industrial ownership structure. In the medium-sized urban economic area, the general characteristics of industrial ownership structure are state-owned enterprises, urban and rural collective enterprises, urban and rural individual enterprises and other forms of ownership coexist. Among them, the state-owned industrial enterprise is the least in quantity, but it is the biggest from the economic power, it plays a leading role in the industrial development of the whole economic zone, and the industrial enterprises in urban and rural collective ownership have the advantage in quantity, but the economic power is still weak. According to Jiamusi Economic Area statistics, the collective industrial enterprise gross output accounted for only 16% of the total industrial output. Although the individual industrial enterprises in urban and rural areas have been growing in recent years, they have just returned to their 1957 levels. Therefore, in order to rationalize the ownership structure of industrial enterprises, we must adhere to the principle of national, collective and individual together, in the constant consolidation of state-owned enterprises at the same time, vigorously develop urban and rural collective enterprise, appropriate development of urban and rural individual enterprises. Only in this way can we fully mobilize the enthusiasm of all aspects, invigorate the urban and rural markets and prosper the urban and rural economy.
(This article was published in the 1985, 7, 19 Jiamusi of the urban economic system reform theory seminar. Named Wang Zhenyue, deputy Director and lecturer, Department of Political and Economics, Jiamusi Party School. Won the second prize of Jiamusi outstanding scientific research results, school first prize. ）
The main ways of rationalization of industrial structure in medium-sized urban economic zone
At present, there are many unreasonable problems in the industrial structure of the middle urban economic zone in Heilongjiang province, which seriously affects the speed of industrial development and the improvement of economic benefits. Therefore, it is necessary to adjust the industrial structure in the economic system reform to rationalize the industrial structure of the middle City economic zone. To this end, we should focus on the following aspects of work:
First, highlight the "pillar industry" and realize the integrated development of the combination of the establishment of a reasonable industrial structure. Each medium-sized city economic zone, has its own different resources and economic advantages, the use of these advantages can establish their own advantages of the industry, and take advantage of this industry as a "pillar", the advantages and disadvantages, which is determined by the law of industrial production specialization. However, it is impossible for any economic region to develop a certain one or two industries in isolation, but to establish a number of "derivative industries" or "supporting industries" under the leadership of "pillar industries". In order to realize the comprehensive development of industrial production in economic zone, some interdependent and mutually promoted industrial groups are formed. Taking Jiamusi economic Zone as an example, we should build up six "pillar industries" such as food, chemical industry, machinery, electronics, papermaking, textile and so on with abundant agricultural and sideline products and mineral resources. At the same time, eight industrial groups should be built around these industries. That is, chemical industry groups, plastic industry groups, sugar industry groups, paper industry groups, food industry groups, fiber industry groups, mining industry groups, building materials industry groups.
Second, the implementation of industrial production specialization and product components diffusion combination, the establishment of a reasonable industrial product structure. At present, the medium-sized urban economic zone industrial product structure has serious problems, each enterprise product variety, and the entire industrial sector of the product variety is very few, resulting in repeated production between enterprises, the economic benefits are poor. To change this situation, we should systematically implement the Division of Labor and Cooperation between urban and rural areas, enterprises, so as to minimize the product variety, the production of similar products as much as possible concentration. Therefore, some of the "all-around factories" in urban areas must be reformed, and some products are planned to spread to small rural towns. In particular, agricultural and sideline products processing industry, to as far as possible from the central city to small rural towns transfer.
Thirdly, to excavate the potential of domestic technological innovation and to combine the introduction of new technology to establish a reasonable industrial technology structure. The technical level of the medium-sized city economic zone is generally in the middle and low stage, which is far from the big city economic Zone, and the difference is bigger than the industrial technology of the developed country. To change this backward state of technology, we must work from two aspects: one is to do a good job in the technical cooperation between the domestic urban economic zones, and to maximize the potential of domestic technological transformation. The second is to actively and steadily introduce foreign advanced technology, speed up the technological transformation of China's industry and shorten the gap between industrial technology and foreign industrial technology in China.
Finally, we should combine the state-owned enterprise with the development of collective and individual enterprises to establish a reasonable structure of industrial ownership. In medium-sized cities, the economic strength of collective and individual enterprises is still relatively weak. According to Jiamusi Economic Area statistics, the collective industrial enterprise gross output accounted for only 16% of the total industrial output. But its development still cannot satisfy the need of convenient people's life and enlarging the employment of labor. Although the individual industrial enterprises in urban and rural areas have been growing in recent years, they have just returned to their 1957 levels. Thus, it is imperative to vigorously develop urban and rural collective enterprises and individual enterprises.
(This article was published in 1985, 8, 6 Heilongjiang daily.) Signature Wang Zhenyue. Won the second prize of Jiamusi outstanding scientific research results, school first prize. ）
On the rationalization of industrial structure in the Middle city economic Zone
At present, all over the province in accordance with the "CPC Central Committee on Economic restructuring decision" spirit, has carried out the medium-sized cities and the region's institutions to merge, the implementation of the city county new economic system. In this way, in the province-wide, in accordance with the various medium-sized cities, according to the natural contact, the establishment of various scales, different forms, open, network-type economic zone. such as Jiamusi Economic Zone, Mudanjiang Economic zone. These economic zones belong to the two or three-storey economic zone under the big economic Zone in Harbin, Heilongjiang province. What are the characteristics of the industrial structure of these medium-sized urban economic zones? What are the factors that affect the industrial structure? What are the criteria for rationalizing the industrial structure? What are the main ways to rationalize the industrial structure, and so on, need to be studied. This paper intends to discuss some superficial understandings on the above problems.
General characteristics of industrial structure in medium-sized urban economic zones
The industrial structure of the so-called medium City Economic Zone is the inter-link and quantity proportion of industrial reproduction in a medium-sized city economic zone. The industrial structure of each medium-sized city economic zone has many different characteristics because of its different natural conditions and economic conditions. However, because of their similarities in urban scale, economic zone form, industrial nature and so on, they still have a lot of common general characteristics.
First of all, the industrial structure of the medium-sized urban economic zone has its own characteristics compared with the industrial structure of big cities or small towns: first, from the scale structure of enterprises, medium-sized enterprises occupy a larger proportion. Second, from the perspective of production technology structure, the medium-sized urban economic zone is a multi-level structure with intermediate production technology as the main. Third, from the industrial sector structure, the medium-sized urban economic zone and the former two different, it is often only one or two key departments or key products, and around the key departments or key products developed a number of supporting departments or products, the basic display of professional cooperative structure.
Secondly, the industrial structure of the medium-sized urban economic zone is compared with the industrial structure of the urban and rural areas in the past, and has its own characteristics: the characteristics of the past urban industrial structure is the technology developed and the natural resources are poor; the industrial structure of the former county town is characterized by abundant natural resources and backward technology. Industrial structure Characteristics is to concentrate two favourable conditions and overcome two disadvantages, so that the two advantages of natural resources and science and technology are fully exerted.
Finally, the industrial structure of the medium-sized urban economic zone, compared with the agricultural structure and commercial structure, also has its own characteristics: the main activities of agriculture in rural areas, affected by rural natural environment, agricultural structure is generally different from rural natural conditions. The main activities of industry in the city, it requires a certain material and technical conditions, industrial structure generally due to the urban material and technical conditions vary. Business is as good as industry in urban development, but the commercial structure is mainly embodied in the form of purchase and sale of goods, the requirements of material and technical conditions are not as strict as industry.
Second, the main factors affecting the industrial structure of the medium-sized urban economic zone
The formation and change of industrial structure in the medium-sized city economic zone are influenced by many factors, which have the following factors under certain conditions of social economic system and economic system:
First, the development level of productivity, especially production technology. The development of medium-sized cities has a development process from low to high. When the level of productivity is still low, while manual labor dominates, the industrial sector and the industry are relatively small, and the links between them are not close nor extensive. With the continuous development of productive forces, the continuous improvement of production technology, social division of labor more and more fine, the industrial sector and the industry gradually increased, the links between them increasingly close, forming a mutually connected organic whole. For example, the Jiamusi region in the 50 's, industrial enterprises are not only a small number, the size of the smaller, and most of the "comprehensive rollup" of the repair plant, the degree of specialization is very low, the relationship is very small. But now, only Jiamusi district, not only has papermaking, textile, food and other light industry production departments, but also has agricultural machinery, coal machine, motor and other heavy industry production departments, as well as rubber, plastics, chemicals, electronics and other emerging industrial sectors. Moreover, the degree of centralization, specialization and union of industrial production has been increasing, and the industrial structure has undergone great changes.
Second, the local natural resources occupy the situation. At a certain level of science and technology and productivity, the geographical position of a region and the state of its main natural resources have a great influence on the industrial structure of the medium-sized urban economic zone. such as the Jiamusi Economic Zone, has the Sanjiang plain rich land resources, but also has a wide range of water and sea transportation conditions, as well as the surrounding several larger mining areas and forest borders, therefore, it will form a agricultural and sideline products processing industry, for the nearby mining areas, forest area to provide technical services industrial structure.
Thirdly, the change of social production and people's life to the structure of industrial demand. Under other conditions, the change of social demand structure will have a great impact on the change of industrial structure. From the production demand point of view, due to the increasing agricultural productivity, agricultural fertilizer, pesticide, plastic thin mold demand is increasing, will inevitably promote the development of medium-sized urban chemical industry, so that its proportion in the industrial structure increased. From the point of view of life, as people's living standards continue to improve, urban and rural people on TV, washing machines, electric fans and other household appliances demand increases, will inevitably promote the development of medium-sized urban household appliances industry, so that its proportion in the industrial structure has increased. Conversely, if the demand for a particular industrial product for social production and people's livelihood declines, it will directly result in a decline in the production of such products, reducing their share in the industrial structure.
Four, foreign trade situation. With the increasing of China's foreign trade, the relationship between industrial structure change and foreign trade situation is more and more close. Taking Jiamusi economic Zone as an example, in recent years, the number of agricultural auxiliary soil special products in Jiamusi region has been increasing continuously, which has promoted the development of local agricultural auxiliary native product processing industry. Jiamusi TV Factory Since the introduction of Japanese color TV sets of technical equipment, economic benefits continue to improve, So that the electronic industry in Jiamusi Economic Zone has a large development, the electronic industry in the entire industrial structure accounted for a large proportion of changes.
Basic signs of rationalization of industrial structure in the medium-sized urban economic zone
To establish a reasonable industrial structure in the medium-sized urban economic zone, the following basic points should be met:
First of all, it should conform to socialist production. A medium-sized city economic zone highlights the development of what industrial sector, how the proportion of departments to determine, should continue to meet the growing material and cultural needs of urban and rural people as the starting point. At present, energy, transportation and industrial production sectors for agriculture and science and technology should be included in the key development sectors, so as to promote the rapid development of other industrial sectors.
Secondly, the development and full utilization of various resources should be beneficial. On the one hand, natural minerals and other natural resources should be exploited vigorously to develop mining industry, using agricultural and sideline products and forest resources, vigorously develop paper, food and other light industry, etc. On the other hand, we should make use of the technology and human resources of the city, and develop the production of productive materials especially agricultural machinery. In this way, the advantages of various resources in the medium-sized urban economic area are fully exerted.
Finally, the virtuous cycle of industrial production should be maintained. This means that the machinery, equipment, raw materials and fuel needed for industrial production in the medium-sized urban economic area can be supplied in a timely manner, and the technical and financial difficulties required in the process of industrial production can be resolved in a timely manner, and the products produced by industrial enterprises can be sold smoothly. In order to achieve this virtuous circle, we need not only the strong support of agriculture and commerce in the economic zone, but also the cooperation with other medium cities and large city economic zones.
Of course, with the development of social economy and technology, industrial structure must develop along with it. Therefore, it is necessary to adjust the industrial structure in time in order to adapt to the new objective conditions of continuous development.
Iv. the main ways to rationalize the industrial structure of the medium-sized urban economic zone
To rationalize the industrial structure of the medium-sized urban economic zone, it is necessary to adjust the industrial structure in the economic system reform. Therefore, we should focus on solving the following problems:
1, highlight the "pillar industry" and realize the combination of comprehensive development. Each medium-sized city economic zone, has its own different resources and economic advantages, the use of these advantages can establish their own advantages of the industry, and take advantage of this industry as a "pillar", the advantages and disadvantages, which is determined by the law of industrial production specialization. However, it is impossible for any economic region to develop a certain one or two industries in isolation, but to establish a number of "derivative industries" or "supporting industries" under the leadership of "pillar industries". In order to realize the comprehensive development of industrial production in economic zone, some interdependent and mutually promoted industrial groups are formed. Taking Jiamusi economic Zone as an example, we should build up six "pillar industries" such as food, chemical industry, machinery, electronics, papermaking, textile and so on with abundant agricultural and sideline products and mineral resources. At the same time, eight industrial groups should be built around these industries. That is, chemical industry groups, plastic industry groups, sugar industry groups, paper industry groups, food industry groups, fiber industry groups, mining industry groups, building materials industry groups.
2, the implementation of industrial production specialization and product components of the diffusion combination. Industrial production specialization cooperation is a scientific organization of industrial production of advanced forms, it is conducive to the expansion of production volume, easy to organize a large number of production and assembly, suitable for the use of special equipment, improve production efficiency. At present, the medium-sized urban economic zone industrial product structure has serious problems, each enterprise product variety, and the entire industrial sector of the product variety is very few, resulting in repeated production between enterprises, the economic benefits are poor. To change this situation, we should systematically implement the Division of Labor and Cooperation between urban and rural areas, enterprises, so as to minimize the product variety, the production of similar products as much as possible concentration. Therefore, some of the "all-around factories" in urban areas must be reformed, and some products are planned to spread to small rural towns. In particular, agricultural and sideline products processing industry, to be as far as possible from the central city to small rural towns transfer, to gradually achieve the rational layout of urban and rural industrial products.
3, play the role of large-scale backbone enterprises with the development of small and medium-sized enterprises. Centralization of production is an inevitable trend of industrial enterprise scale development, with the increase of industrial productivity and technical level, the scale of enterprises will continue to expand, large enterprises in industrial enterprises in the proportion of more and more. Large enterprises in the industrial development is the backbone of production technology, economic benefits of the major, the development of the whole industry plays an important role. However, small and medium-sized enterprises are not insignificant, it has a small scale, flexible operation, strong adaptability and so on, must also vigorously develop. Only the establishment of large, medium and small enterprises at the same time the development of enterprise scale structure, can form a division of cooperation, complete set reasonable industrial enterprise system.
4, excavate the potential of domestic technological transformation and do a good job of combining new technology introduction. The technical level of the medium-sized city economic zone is generally in the middle and low stage, to change the backward state of this technology, we must work from two aspects: one is to do well the technical cooperation among the domestic urban economic zones, and to maximize the potential of domestic technological transformation. The second is to actively and steadily introduce foreign advanced technology, speed up the technological transformation of China's industry and shorten the gap between industrial technology and foreign industrial technology in China.
5, adhere to the leading role of state-owned enterprises combined with the development of collective and individual enterprises. In the medium-sized urban economic area, the general characteristics of industrial ownership structure are state-owned enterprises, urban and rural collective enterprises, urban and rural individual enterprises and other forms of ownership coexist. Among them, the state-owned industrial enterprise is the least in quantity, but it is the biggest from the economic power, it plays a leading role in the industrial development of the whole economic zone, and the industrial enterprises in urban and rural collective ownership have the advantage in quantity, but the economic power is still weak. According to Jiamusi Economic Area statistics, the collective industrial enterprise gross output accounted for only 16% of the total industrial output. Although the individual industrial enterprises in urban and rural areas have been growing in recent years, they have just returned to their 1957 levels. Therefore, in order to rationalize the ownership structure of industrial enterprises, we must adhere to the principle of national, collective and individual together, in the constant consolidation of state-owned enterprises at the same time, vigorously develop urban and rural collective enterprise, appropriate development of urban and rural individual enterprises.
(This article was published in 1985, 8, 25 urban economic Research phase fourth, Harbin.) Signed Wang Zhenyue, author of the work unit Jiamusi Municipal Party School Political Economy department. Won the second prize of Jiamusi outstanding scientific research results, school first prize. ）
On the rationalization of industrial structure in the Middle city economic Zone
