Operating systems-Introduction to operating systems

The computer system consists of two parts: hardware and software, the operating system (os,operating system) is the first layer of software configured on the computer hardware, it is the first expansion of the hardware system. It occupies a particularly important position in computer systems, and other system software, such as assembler, compiler, database management system, and a large number of application software, will rely on the support of the operating system to obtain its services. Operating system has become a modern computer system (large, medium, small and microcomputer), multiprocessor system, computer networks, multimedia systems and embedded systems must be configured, the most important software.

Objective and function of the operating system

1. Target of the operating system

1.1 Validity

(1) Improve system resource utilization

When the OS is configured, the CPU and I/O devices remain busy and can be used efficiently, and the data stored in the memory and external memory are saved in order.

(2) Increase the throughput of the system

The operating system can improve the utilization of resources, accelerate the operation of the program and shorten the running period of the program by reasonably organizing the work flow of the computer, thus increasing the throughput of the program.

1.2 Ease of Access

Configuring the OS makes the computer system easier to use.

Convenience and effectiveness are the two most important goals when designing an operating system. In the past, as computers were very expensive, effectiveness seemed to be more important; now as hardware gets cheaper, convenience becomes more and more important.

1.3 Scalability

The OS must be extensible enough to adapt to the requirements of computer hardware, architecture, and application development. Modern OS should employ new OS architectures, such as microkernel architecture and Client server mode, to facilitate the addition of new features and modules, and to modify old functions and modules.

1.4 Openness

in order to make computers and devices from different manufacturers integrate through the network and work together correctly and effectively, the portability and interoperability of the application is required, and the operating system must provide a unified open environment, which requires the OS to be open.

2. The role of the operating system

2.1 os as interface between user and computer hardware system

The OS is between the user and the computer system and the user uses the OS to use the computer system.

With the help of the OS, users can easily, quickly, safely and reliably manipulate computer hardware and run their own programs.

The OS is a system software, so this interface is a software interface.

3. Key drivers for operating system development

Second, the development process of the operating system

Iii. Basic features of the operating system

Iv. main functions of the operating system

V. OS structure design

Operating systems-Introduction to operating systems