Preliminaries 2018 (3)

History, special content

8. In order to solve the incompatibility problem in Web application, ensure the smooth flow of information, () set up a series of standards, involving HTML, XML, CSS, etc., and recommend developers to follow.
A Microsoft B. American Computer Association (ACM) C. United Nations Educational and Cultural Organization D. World Wide Web Consortium (WWW)

Answer: D

10. 1956 () awarded to Shockley (William Shockley), Badin (John Bardeen) and Bratton (Walter Brattain)
A Nobel Prize in Physics B. John Feng Neumann Award
C Turing award D. Gartner Award (Donald E. Knuth Prize)

Answer: A

20. The following statements about high-level languages are correct ().
A, Fortran is the first high-level language for scientific computing in history
B, Pascal and C are high-level languages for compilation execution
C, Smalltalk is the first in history to support object-oriented language
D. The compiler transforms the high-level language program into the target code

Answer: ABCD

10. The following practices are feasible ().
A, NOI test with A small amount of water and food into the examination room.
B, in the Noip, after the examination tip issued, shut down the computer orderly out of the field, to prevent noisy to the examinee is in the injury.
C. Use c language in NOI2011 competitions
D. Use #include<bits/stdc++.h> header file in Noip rematch

Answer: D

The following is excerpted from the Luo gu daily:

In accordance with the relevant resolutions of the International Information Science Olympiad (IOI) and taking into account the specific circumstances of our current programming language, CCF decides:

At the beginning of 1.202 years, other events (including Winter Camp, CTSC, Apio, NOI) in the NOI series other than Noip will no longer support the Pascal and C languages;

2. From 2022 onwards, the NOIP competition will no longer support the Pascal language. From NOIP2022 onwards, all events in the NOI series will be cancelled in Pascal language. In the absence of new programming languages, the NOI series will only support the C + + language starting from NOIP2022.

To give full play to the academic evaluation role of the Chinese Computer Society (CCF), to motivate and mobilize the enthusiasm of computer professionals, to promote the innovation and progress in computer science and technology, CCF set up the China Computer Society Award (CCF Award).

The CCF awards include four categories of academic (technical), education, industry and services.

CCF Awards are: CCF Lifetime achievement Award, CCF Wang Xuan Award, CCF Overseas Outstanding Contribution Award, CCF excellent doctoral dissertation award, CCF-IEEE CS Youth Scientist Award, CCF Xia PEISU Award (note: Female exclusive), CCF Science and Technology Award, CCF Outstanding Education Award, CCF Outstanding Student Award, CCF Computer Entrepreneur Award and so on.

It represents information technology .

Basic knowledge

2. The ASCII code for the character "A" is hexadecimal 41, and the ASCII code for the character "Z" is 16 binary ().
A B. 5 a C. D. Depends on the specific computer

Wrong solution: A

Positive solution: B

Wrong reason: not seen after a "hex"

8. Numeric information in a computer is divided into integers and real numbers (floating-point numbers). Real numbers can represent large or small numbers because they are used ().
A Order B. Complement C. Anti-code D. A longer mantissa

Answer: A

Floating point number

In the microcomputer, the Chinese meaning of bit is bits .

The smallest unit of information that a computer can recognize is a bit .

Internet

2, if the interconnection of the high-level LAN with the TCP/IP protocol and SPX/IPX protocol, then we can choose the interconnection device should be ().
A, Repeater B, bridge C, network card D, router

Answer: D

IPX (Internet work Packet Exchange Internetwork Packet Exchange): The third layer protocol for routing and forwarding packets over the internetwork, which specifies a non-connected datagram, which is equivalent to the IP protocol in the TCP/IP protocol cluster;
SPX (sequenced Packet Exchange, Sequential Packet Exchange protocol): The fourth Protocol is the connection-oriented protocol in the IPX protocol cluster, which is equivalent to the TCP protocol in the TCP/IP protocol cluster.

And a little bit of a look: https://www.cnblogs.com/wxgblogs/p/5641643.html

20, according to the Communication Distance division, the computer network can be divided into LAN and WAN. The following networks belong to the LAN ().
A, Internet B, CERNET C, Novell D, Ethernet

Answer: CD

IP Address Category: https://www.cnblogs.com/qiaoconglovelife/p/5349486.html

LAN refers to a local area network .

Structure

Four-generation computer: Electronic tube computer, transistor computer, small, medium scale integrated circuit computer, large scale and VLSI computer

The basic unit for measuring the size of the storage space in a computer is byte bytes

Note: This kind of computer composition what, there is no exact statement, mainly to see the topic to do;

CPU and internal memory and I/O devices are called computer three core components

CPU mainly includes arithmetic device, buffer memory, bus

CPU includes operational logic parts, register parts, and control parts

An operator consists of an arithmetic logic unit (ALU), accumulator, status register, Universal Register Group, etc.

The controller consists of program counter, instruction register, instruction decoder, timing generator and Operation Controller.

MIPS: The average execution speed of a single-point instruction, the number of millions machine language instructions processed per second. This is a measure of CPU speed

Internal memory/Main memory:

Https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E4%B8%BB%E5%AD%98%E5%82%A8%E5%99%A8

Https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E5%86%85%E5%AD%98%E5%82%A8%E5%99%A8

A complete computer system should include hardware systems and software systems .

At present, the logic components used in microcomputers are large scale and VLSI .

Preliminaries 2018 (3)