Primary grammar Course-lesson 1th: The type of noun/the number of nouns/all the lattices/articles of nouns; the present tense of a be verb, a general verb

January 31, 2016

Unit 1 Words and articles

noun: n (noun) effect: when subjects, complement, subject words

1. Types of nouns [singular and plural--like dogs]
General noun : book,pencil,dog,spaceship...etc
set noun : class,family,audience...etc
Eg:
1.My family is large. #我的家庭
2.My family is all early risers. #我的家人

　　proper noun : bob,smith,april,london...etc
　　# #下列专有名词需要加上定冠词the # #符号代表特殊情况
The states, the Nations

　　material noun : glass,wood,paper,butter,fruit...etc #物质名词没有单复数形式
@@ number + container (weights and measures) + of substance nouns
Eg:a Loaf of bread (loaves bread), a cup of coffee, a sheet of paper, S Spoonful (handful) of sugar

　　abstract noun : beauty,honesty,love,patience,happiness,music...etc (non-number noun)

2, the number of nouns: the number of a single number of more than 2--plural (can be a number of nouns to have the singular and plural concepts)

The plural noun of the rule change

#名词字尾 +s~ Most nouns
eg:dog[g-Sound Sub-sound]-dogs[z-]/book-books[s-Silent sub-tone]/girl-girls[z]

#名词字尾为: S,sh,ch,x,o +es
eg:class-classes[iz]/Bus-buses/dish-dishes/bench-benches/box[ks]-boxes[iz]

　　# #注意 > Noun tails for sub-tone +o, plural nouns plus es, such as tomatoes[z], when there are exceptions: photos, piano...etc

#名词字尾为子音 +y = go to Y+ies
Eg:baby[i]-babies[iz]/story-stories/city-cities/lady-ladies

#名词字尾为f或fe = go f or fe[f-silent]+ves[v-sound]
Eg:leaf-leaves/wife-wives/knife-knives
　　# #handherchiefs, Chiefs, roofs

Plural nouns with irregular variations

#名词字尾为en, Ren
Eg:ox-oxen (Bull-nba Chicago, cow)/Chi[ai]ld-chi[i]ldren
#改变母音
eg:man[æ]-men[?-gently open lips]/woman-wo[i]men/goose-geese/tooth-teeth/mouse-mice
# #单复数同形
Eg:fish (one/two Fish--Quantity | A kind of fish/two kinds of fishes--kind ), deer, sheep, Chinese

3. Possessive of nouns (owned/)
Forms:
#单数名词 = "noun ' s
Eg:the Boy's Schoolbag/joan ' s dress
#复数名词 = "noun S"
Eg:a girls ' shool/these students ' teacher
#字尾非s的复数名词 = "noun ' s
Eg:children ' s playground, women ' s activities

# #特别注意的所有格用法 && Common all grid and individual all grid

Common all Grid = = noun + noun + ... + noun ' s

Individual all lattice = = noun ' s+ noun ' s+ ... + noun ' s
Eg:a and B ' s father is A scientist.

A ' s and B ' s Fathers are scientists. (mr.[here omit Brown] and Mrs.brown ' s)

　　@@ (none) creature all >>a b = = B of A
Eg: The foot of the table = = The legs of the table (where there is no translation in Chinese, no meaning)
--show the important things in English here to put in front
Door = = The door of the (a) car/the doors of the (a) car
Girl's name = = The girls ' name = = The name of the girl
# #所有格之后的名词, if the sentence is very easy to understand, you can omit
Eg:she ' s going to the dentist ' s.
I met him at the Barber ' s. (shop--omitted)
We like to eat lunch at Mcdonald ' s. (restaurant)

4. Articles [+n/+adj+n]
The article can be divided into indefinite (non-limited) article a/an and definite article of the word, which is usually placed before the noun, used to modify the noun
# #a the use of/an
1, a[? ] + the singular noun at the beginning of the sub-tone
2, an[? n,æn] + vowel opening singular noun (a,e,i,o,u)
Eg:a book, a girl, a yOung man (here nearest principle, not man)
An apple, a umbrella, an old woman

　　@@a/an pronunciation a[?],an[?n]; Stress time a[e], An[æn]
EG:I read a[?] novel.
I read a[E] novel, not both.

　　@@ The use of a vowel, read [ði] before, read [d?]
Eg:the[d?] book/the[Ði] Apple
1. Please shut the door.
2. The rich aren ' t always happy. #the +adj refers to ".... Person ", representing the plural

Primary grammar Course-lesson 1th: The type of noun/the number of nouns/all the lattices/articles of nouns; the present tense of a be verb, a general verb