Qing Dynasty official introduction

Qing Dynasty official introduction
In the Qing Dynasty, the level system of official officials follows the level 18 Basic System of nine commodities since the Han, Wei, and Six Dynasties. Each product is divided into two levels: positive and secondary. At the same time, there are also some characteristics of this dynasty. Generally speaking, the official system of the Qing Dynasty is divided into two categories: the regional system and the Beijing Official System and the local official system. Second, the functional system is divided into two major systems: civil servants and military officers. The two categories are intertwined. Among them, the Beijing official system focuses on civilian officials, while the local official system has both wenwu and wenwu.
　　
Beijing official
　　
First, in the Qing Dynasty, the main central government departments were the Cabinet and its variants. The main officials were the big bachelor, co-organized big bachelor, and Bachelor. The big bachelor had the highest position and power, which is equivalent to the prime minister of the previous generation, later, the military machinery department set up the minister of military machinery. It should be noted that the levels of officials in the Qing Dynasty often change with the times, especially at the beginning of the Qing Dynasty. This article only lists the final conditions. In the eight years of Yongzheng, the big bachelor of the Cabinet also served as the ministry of Shang Shu, full and Han pin levels were set as Zhengyi, the highest official of the Qing Dynasty; the big bachelor was the deputy of the big bachelor, and was finally established as a permanent position in the four years of Qianlong, the grade is from one product; the Bachelor's Degree in the cabinet is also the title of the Minister, as the work Assistant of the bachelor's degree, the grade is from two products. Fifty-eight years later, the titles of government officials in all ministries and departments will be removed.
　　
The establishment of the Military Equipment Department in Yongzheng gradually replaced the Cabinet's functions. The Minister of military aircraft does not have a certain level of regulations, but his status and authority are even higher than that of the bachelor's degree. In the administrative departments of various ministries and institutes in charge of State administration, the six departments of government officials, households, rites, soldiers, punishment, and work are the main departments, each of which is filled with Shangshu and one man from Han, yong Zheng eight years its grade is determined from a product; left and right attendants full, Han each one, grade is two products. The Imperial Court serves as the Supervisory Authority. The officers of the imperial court are set to the left of the imperial court and one from the Han Dynasty. Dali Temple is an agency for the fight against criminal punishment. The Tang official is set up to be filled by Zheng Qing and one man from Han, and Kangxi is determined to be a positive product in nine years. There are Shao Qing full, one man from Han, and four goods from Zheng. Dali Temple, ducha Emy, and the ministry of punishment are collectively referred to as the "Three Laws division ".
　　
Li fan yuan is the authority for the management of Mongolian, Hui, and Tibetan Affairs. Its main officer is Shang Shu, and its main officer is Shang Shu. The class is the same as that of the sixth department.
　　
Hanlin Emy is in charge of writing an article on the history of the organs, the master is the master of the school, full, one man, one man, Yong Zheng eight years set grade from two products.
　　
Zhan Shifu is an agency that provides guidance to the Prince of the eastern palace. After Kangxi, as usual, he will not set up a prince. His duties will be changed to "literary attendants" or "history document affairs ". The main officer is man and Han Zhan, and Kangxi was appointed as zhengsan product 14 years later. The main officer is man and Han shaozhan, and the main officer is Zheng sipin.
　　
The hospital is in charge of medical and health affairs. The hospital has set up one person, the five products, and the right and right hospitals have determined one person and the six products.
　　
The people's government is in charge of the royal family and set up a command for one person. The prince or the county King selects one person, the prince, the king of the county, and the bay, the beizi, the town goo, and the auxiliary goo. The inner office manages court and Royal affairs. It has different departments and departments 7 and 3. The highest official is the minister of the inner office, which is named by manren.
　　
Local officials
　　
The Ching Ming Dynasty uses jingshi and nearby counties as the shuntian government, as the "Jingfu". After the entrance, the shuntian government is Beijing, Shengjing and its nearby counties are the fengtian government, and the main government is Fu Yin, the first year of shunzhi is designated as weipin. The status is like a governor of every province. You can play the event directly to the Emperor.
　　
The highest level of local officials is the governor, which is short for the "Governor's military service". The highest level is the second product officer ,, take charge of wenwu, military, and civilian personnel in one or several provinces, and the Prime Minister is responsible for defending the frontier. The following officials under the civilian government and deputy military commanders shall be promoted and removed by the Governor, and the Governor shall have the right to make external negotiations. There are eight governors throughout the country. Among them, the Governor of Zhili, which has jurisdiction over Hebei Province and parts of Inner Mongolia, is the most powerful local clerk in the north. The Governor of Liangjiang, which has jurisdiction over Jiangsu, Anhui, and Jiangxi provinces, is the most powerful local clerk in the south. The provincial governors, for example, have the title and title. Guangxu's 30 years have been finalized. The governors of all regions have the title and title of Shangshu, And the right capital of the Imperial Palace. The Governor has a direct army named "supervisor ".
　　
The governor is the chief of the local government department of a province. For example, the deputy vice president of the provincial government department is Yu Shi, which is generally from the second product. His role was slightly inferior to that of the governor. There are also direct troops called "Fu Biao ".
　　
Under the governor of each province, there is a political ambassador, which is called the "Cheng Xuan political ambassador" and generally referred to as "fan Si", Fan Tai or Fang Bo. Zhangyi province's administrative department, the province's fortune cashier, from two products.
The provincial departments are known as "punishment and punishment", also known as "Legal Department", in charge of the Judicial Affairs of a province.
　　
The auxiliary officers of the following two divisions are Taoist staff. Their duties and settings are complex and cannot be described in detail.
　　
The local administrative departments under the shandao include government departments, departments, states, and counties. The governor of the government is Zhifu, which is a four-product in the early stage. During the 18-year period of Qianlong, the Government was changed from four products. There is a hall under the Government, which is managed by Tongzhi and general judgment. Tongzhi is five products, and the general judgment is six products. There are also States under the Government, which are divided into Zhili state with an index of political deployment and sanzhou under the jurisdiction of the government. The Governor is Zhizhou. The former is five commodities, and the latter is five commodities. The shortest level is zhixian, zhengqipin.
　　
The provinces also have administrative facilities such as xuezheng, transportation, salt, river channels, and customs. Politics is one student in every province. It manages the cultural and educational undertakings of the province. It is a three-year master of the former official class, including the attendants, the Jingtang (various temple officials), The Hanlin, The Cortana and its subordinates.
　　
The country has set up one governor of the shipping, which is the second product, and the Shangshu from a product, there is a "Bidding" of the army ".
　　
Salt administration is set up in each province, and the supervisor is also responsible.
　　
The country has set up a river Governor, which is a second product and has a "river logo" of the army ".
　　
Military personnel
　　
Qing army is divided into eight flag troops and green camp soldiers. Green Camp soldiers are Chinese soldiers. The officers and soldiers of the Eight Banners are located in each province. The highest officers of the Flag Soldiers in each province are generals, from one product to the other. The officers of the other flag soldiers under the jurisdiction are from one product to two products; the place has the city guard, which is the third product. The defensive system is the fourth product.
　　
The highest green camp troops in each province are provided by the supervisor, from a product to a product. There are general troops under the supervision, Zheng 'er product; Deputy generals, from product 2; participants, Zheng San product; guerrilla, from product 3; Department du, Zheng sipin; shoubei, zhengwu products; qianzong, zhengliuipin; taobao.com, zhengqiipin.com; Foreign Commission, qianxiaipin.com; Foreign commission, and jiuipin. Military officers should add the word "military officer" before the grade. All of his/her appointments, promotions, and decrement are handled by the Military Division, while civilian officials are headed by the Ministry of Civil Affairs.
　　
The levels of officials at other levels are complex and not described in detail. Only list the primary users for reference.