"Base" VLAN partitioning, single-arm routing, and DHCP setup issues

I. Experimental topology:

Using the GNS3 simulator

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Two Lab Requirements:

, PC3 belongs to the same vlan 10 pc2,pc4 Span style= "font-family: ' The song Body '; > belongs to the same vlan 20 and Span style= "FONT-FAMILY:CALIBRI;" >PC1 and PC3 PC2 and PC4 can communicate normally.

The 2.R1 is set to a single-arm route, andthe IP address of the PC1,PC2,PC3,PC4 is automatically obtained via DHCP .

3.PC1,PC2,PC3,PC4 can communicate with each other.

Three Benefits of Partitioning VLANs :

1. Split broadcast domain

2. Enhance network security

3. can be used to isolate business

Four . Experimental steps:

1.IP Planning:

PC1:192.168.1.10 PC2:192.168.1.20

PC3:192.168.1.30 PC4:192.168.1.40

After the IP address is well planned , the communication between the PCs can be made:

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2. divide the VLAN.  

Enter separatelySW1,SW2The global configuration mode is addedVLAN10,VLAN20. In theSW1the global configuration under the partitionVLANafter the interfaceFA1/1JoinVLAN Ten, InterfaceFA1/2JoinVLAN, inSW2do the same on the same operation. (Note: BecauseGNS3the simulator does not support switches, so the switch is emulated with routers. So when you go into the switch and configure it, execute the command first.No IP routing. ):

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You can use the command show Vlan-s b to view The members of the VLAN:

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InVLANbefore you divide it.PCcommunication between them can be normal,VLANafter the division.PCcan not communicate with each other, this is because differentVLANmembers are not able to communicate. But this is only physically separate, logically not separate, becausePCare also part of the same network segment. If thePC1and thePC3divided in the same network segment, they are also in the sameVLAN,PC2and thePC4divided in the same network segment,They are also in the sameVLAN. SoPC1and thePC3we can communicate,PC2and thePC4can also communicate. (Note:VLANafter dividing, you want to make the sameVLANthe member communication needs to be setFA1/15is a trunk port. )

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Three Configuring one-arm routing

How can we make pc1,pc2,pc3,pc4 communicate with each other? We need to set up one-arm routing with a three-layer device router. Need to think about: Three layer device router has only one physical interface, how to configure multiple gateways? We need to divide a physical interface into a number of sub-interfaces, and how many VLANs divide the number of sub-interfaces. Specific configuration such as (note: The first step into the physical interface is to activate the physical interface):

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After entering the subinterface, encapsulate the sub-interface and configure the IP. After Setup , enter the FA1/14 interface on the SW1 and set it to the relay interface.

Four. set up DHCP

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In a real-world network, you also need to configure DNS and other related configurations. after DHCP is configured, we test it with our PC to see if we can get the address automatically.

Clear IP clears the previously set IP and automatically obtains the address using IP DHCP.

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The IP address has been automatically obtained through DHCP , and the following tests The communication between the PCs.

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PCs can communicate with each other.

Configuration complete, thank you!

Base VLAN Partitioning, single-arm routing, and DHCP setup issues