"Linux command line and Shell script Programming Daquan" Chapter Nineth installs the software program

Package management System (PMS): command-line tools for software installation, management, and removal

9.1 Package Management Basics

1. Mainstream Linux distributions use some form of package management system to control the installation of software and libraries

2.PMS uses a database to record: What packages are installed on the system, what files are installed on each package, the version of each installed package

The 3 package is stored on the server and can be accessed over the Internet using the PMS tools on the Linux system.

4. These servers are called warehouses and can use the PMS tool to search for new packages or to update packages already installed on the system

5. There is currently no uniform standard for PMS. The two major PMS base tools that are currently widely used are dpkg and RPM.

9.2 Debian-based systems

The DPKG command is based on the core of the Debian System PMS tool. Other tools included in this PMS are:

Apt-get, Apt-cache, aptitude.

9.2.1 Management software package with aptitude

Ubuntu not installed

1. Dpkg–l Vim-common//list all files installed by the package Vim-common

2. Take the reverse action

DPKG–SEARCH/USR/BIN/XXD//Find out which package a particular file belongs to

9.2.2 Installing packages with aptitude

Find Packages Aptitude Search Package-name

Installation package Aptitude Install Package-name

9.2.3 Update Software with aptitude

Update all installed packages to the latest version aptitude Safe-upgrade in the software warehouse

You can also pick up some other options

9.2.4 Uninstalling software with aptitude

Users can choose to keep the software data and configuration files

Remove software, do not delete data and profiles: With the Remove option

Delete software, data and profiles: With purge option

For example: sudo aptitude purge wine//unload wine

9.2.5 Aptitude Warehouse

Aptitude the default software warehouse location is set when the Linux distribution is installed. The specific storage location in the file

The/etc/apt/sources.list.

In general, without this file, aptitude will only download files from these warehouses, and only those libraries will be checked when the update is installed. (It is safest to install the software upgrade through the library)

If you need to add some additional repositories to your PMS, you'll need to set up this file.

9.3 Red Hat-based systems

There are also several different front-end tools available, often with the following three types:

Yum: Used in red Hat and fedora.

URPM: Use in Mandriva

Zypper: Using in openSUSE

These commands are based on the RPM command-line tool.

Because at present only touches the Ubuntu, this does not look. The approximate routines are more dpkg similar.

9.4 Installing from Source

The general routines are:

(1) Download package

(2) Tar for decompression

(3) go to the corresponding directory to configure, generally is./configure. Here you can see some configuration output information

(4) Make a compile link here, there will be a lot of output information

(5) Make install

"Linux command line and Shell script Programming Daquan" Chapter Nineth installs the software program