"Inside and out" and "fraction"

In memory management, what do you mean by "inside fraction" and "outside of a fraction"? What are the differences in fixed partition allocation, variable partitioning, page-type virtual storage systems, and segment virtual storage systems? Why?

Answer:
In storage management, the internal fraction is the unused portion of the storage space allocated to the job, which is a small block of storage that cannot be exploited in the system.
In a fixed partition allocation, in order to load a user job into memory, the memory-allocation program finds an idle partition in the System partition table that can satisfy the job requirements to assign to the job, because one job size is not necessarily equal to the partition size, so a portion of the partition's storage space is wasted. It is found that there is a fraction of the fixed partition allocation.
In the variable partition allocation, in order to put a job into memory, according to a certain allocation algorithm from the system to find an idle partition to meet the job requirements to assign to the job, if the capacity of the free partition than the job request space capacity is larger, then the partition is divided into one part, assigned to the job, The remainder is still left as the system's free partition. As a possible indication, there is a fraction of the variable partition allocation.
In a page-type virtual storage system, the address space of a user job is divided into pages of equal size, and storage space is also divided into physical blocks of equal page size, but in general the job size cannot be an integer multiple of the physical block size, so some of the space on the last page of the job is wasted. It is possible that there is a fraction of a page-type virtual storage System.

　　In a segment virtual storage system, the address space of a job consists of several logical segments, each of which is allocated a contiguous memory area, but the segments do not require continuous, and their memory is allocated in a manner similar to dynamic partition allocation. As a further indication, there is a fraction of the segment virtual storage System.

"Inside and out" and "fraction"