"Progressive DB2.DBA system Management, operation and application Case" (New) Reading notes 1

"Progressive DB2.DBA system Management, operation and application Case" (New) Reading notes 1

Brief History of database development and DB2 introduction

The fundamental purpose of database generation and development is to facilitate data management and application development.

The first form of data management is a document, the lack of management method is scattered data, poor centralized management, inconvenient data sharing.

Then, in 1961, General Electric developed the first DBMS------"Integrated DataStore" (IDs), which is a mesh database management system (the data model is a mesh model). IDS can only run on GE hosts, which are the main machines produced by General Electric. The IDs database corresponds to only one file on the physical storage and is manually encoded to generate a data table. These are the drawbacks of IDs. In conclusion, it is important to note that the world's first database is a mesh model, not a relational one. The first database was made by GE, not IBM.

and mesh database parallel development is the hierarchical database. 1968 IBM's "Information Managerment System" (IMS) is a well-known hierarchical database. IMS is not the first hierarchical database, but it is very well known. For IBM, IMS is the first DBMS developed by IBM. As can be seen, IBM's first DBMS is not relational (and not DB2), but a hierarchical type of IMS.

The era of mesh database and hierarchical database has solved the shortcomings of data dispersion, poor centralized management and inconvenient sharing when using file form to manage data. (mesh databases are more popular than hierarchical databases). However, mesh and hierarchical databases also have their drawbacks-the data is not very independent and the level of abstraction is too low. The concrete embodiment is the data and the underlying physical storage is too large, when accessing the data, to know the specific physical storage structure and storage path, such a database when the amount of data increased more difficult to deal with, and for application development is very inconvenient.

In order to solve the above problems, a relational database is produced. The generation of relational databases is based on solid mathematical results (relational algebra). 1970 IBM's Codd published the famous paper "A relational Model of data for Large Shared data Bank" kicked off the relational database. Later, IBM gradually perfected the SQL language based on this paper and the relational algebra theory.

1979 Oracle Company launched its first relational database. As can be seen, the first company to launch a relational database is not IBM, and the first relational database is not IBM's DB2.

Later, some people think that the relational database is very inconvenient to deal with the complex data structure, then put forward the object-oriented database, called OO database (object-oriented)

Then there was the hybrid database, which was represented by IBM's DB2 V9 (produced in 2006). It is called a hybrid database because it supports traditional SQL data (that is, general shaping, character type, etc.) and XML document type data. This database enables users to work with traditional relational and XML document-based data at the same time. Note that DB2 V9 for traditional relational data and XML document type data are stored separately at the bottom. But the underlying storage is opaque to the upper-level application. That is, the application does not need to pay attention to the traditional relational data and XML data in the access way of the distinction between these two types of data (traditional relational data and XML document data) storage configuration processing is done automatically by DB2. Because of this DB2 V9 is a milestone in many versions of DB2.

Database Big event:

1969 IBM IMS was born, this is IBM's first generation database, so also called IMS as DB1 (after the relational is the company's second-generation database, so collectively DB2)

1970 IBM Codd published the paper "A relational model of data Forlarge data Bank" kicked off the relational database

1973 IBM established the System R Project, which was designed to develop IBM's first relational database and first deployed SQL to deploy transactions for the first time. System R lays the groundwork for the generation of IBM's second generation database, DB2.

1974 IBM don Chamberlin and Ray Boyce published "a structured English Query Language" which became the basis for future SQL standards.

1975 IBM don Chamberlin and Morton Astrahan's paper "Implementation of structured English Query Language" describes the SQL implementation in System R.

1976 IBM System R The team published the paper "System r:relational Approach to database Managemen" which illustrates the prototype of the relational database of system R. Later, Jim Gray of IBM published "Granularity of Locks and degreesof consistency in a shared database", which gives the concept of the object and the degree of integration, and lays the foundation for the database concurrency theory.

1979 IBM Pat Selinger The first relational query optimizer in the industry in the paper, "Access Path Selection in arelational Database Management System". This is the prototype of the DB2 database optimizer.

1979 Oracle The company launched the world's first relational database of finished products.

1980 Roger Sippl and Laura King, who worked at an early s-100/cp/m company Cromemco, developed a small relational database based on ISAM technology as part of a report logger software. 1980 two people left Cromemco to engage in the development of relational database systems. 1981 two people released their first finished--informix ("information on UNIX" abbreviation). ( ( isam,indexed sequential Access Method ) is initially IBM The company developed a file system

1982 IBM Sql/ds was released for VSE/VM. SQL/DS is IBM's first commercially available relational database product (SQL interface with System R) Sql/ds is the predecessor of the later DB2.

1984 Sybase (System database abbreviation) the company was established. 1987 Sybase launches the company's first relational database Sybase SQL Server 1.0 Note: Sybase is the first company to propose and implement a database system in its own product in the form of a client/server architecture.

1988 Microsoft teamed up with Sybase to develop SQL Server. For the first few years, Microsoft's SQL Server and Sybase company were basically the same. Until SQL Server 2005, Microsoft's SQL Server made significant improvements, and there was a significant difference from Sybase's products.

DB2 big event:

1983 IBM published the DATABASE2 (abbreviation DB2) Formvs. This marks the birth of this DB2. The reason for this is called DB2, which should be for IBM to introduce earlier database products (known as db1--"IMS") Note: DB1 is a hierarchical database, not relational.

1986 SYSTEM/38 (This is a mainframe) V7 release, the first time a query optimizer is configured to optimize access plans. This is the prototype of the DB2 powerful optimizer that is now in the future. At this point the DB2 can only be run on a mainframe machine.

1987 IBM The launch of the OS/2 V1.0 Extended version (OS/2 is an IBM-launched, PC-friendly operating system), a pioneer of DB2 on Os/2,unix,windows. From this DB2 is not confined to the mainframe, began to support the minicomputer.

1995 DB2 It is an iconic year to start supporting multiple platforms such as Windows, UNIX, and more.

1996 DB2 renamed to DB2 UDB Universal Database

1999 DB2 support for Linux has been completed.

DB2 support for XML extensions has been completed.

2001 IBM acquisition of Informix database

2002 the DB2 V8.1 based on self-regulation technology (SMART) appears.

2006 DB2 V9 appeared, this is a epoch-making version. Is the first hybrid database (with traditional relational data and XML hierarchical data).

DB2 components and features of the product:

DB2 Engine --This is the core component that provides the core function of the database and guarantees the performance of the database.

DB2 Client -simplifies and facilitates the deployment of the infrastructure required for the application to connect to DB2.

DB2 The client can also be subdivided into several categories:

DB2 v9runtime Client (DB2 rtcl) -Provides basic core client functionality.

DB2 V9 Client -Includes full functionality of the DB2 RTCL, with additional graphical tools for client-server configuration, database management, and application development capabilities. It provides graphical tools for database management configuration and application development.

JAVA Common Client(JCC)-provides JDBC and SQLJ application access to DB2 data servers. ( SQLJis a withJavaa tightly integrated programming language embedded SQLthe version, here"EmbeddedSQL"is used in its host universal programming language such asC,C + +,Java,Adaand theCOBOL) is called in the SQL statements .   JDBC(javadata Base Connectivity,javadatabase connection) is a way to performSQLStatement ofJava API, you can provide unified access to a variety of relational databases, which consists of a set ofJavalanguage composed of classes and interfaces written. )

                db2client V9 Lite --db2 V9. Functions are similar to JCC. Just DB2 Client V9 Lite does not provide database connection support for Java, but rather provides database connection support for CLI (command line)/ODBC applications. ( Open database Interconnect ( ODBC < Span style= "font-family: ' equal line ';" >) is Microsoft The standard of database access interface proposed. Open Database interconnect defines the Access database API APIs independent of different vendors DBMS also independent of specific programming languages

Communication Support (communication support) -Provides access to the database through a variety of network protocols.

DB2 Relational Connect and DB2 data Joiner-enhances the distributed data access capabilities of DB2 's cross-database vendors. Allows data images from different DBMS that exist in different database vendors to be accessed on DB2.

DB2 Connect -Allows the minicomputer open platform to be connected to midsize machines, mainframes, and facilitates distributed implementations.

DB2 Extender --Enables DB2 applications to transcend traditional data types. You can also provide additional functionality for the underlying database service. such as XML Extender (support for XML-type data), Net search Extender (can improve database performance when retrieving data), and so on. The DB2 Extender is an optional component.

"Progressive DB2.DBA system Management, operation and application Case" (New) Reading notes 1