[Record] Ubuntu FAQs

1. install XP first and then Ubuntu, but there is no "XP" in the grub option at startup "?

Method 1: On the grub interface, press "c" to enter the command line, and then enter the following commands in sequence:

(1) Root (hd0, 1) // This may vary depending on the specific installation.

(2) chainloader + 1

(3) boot

Method 2: After ubunt is started, modify it as follows:

(1) run the command on the terminal: sudo grub-install/dev/SDA

(2) check whether the XP startup information exists in the/boot/GRUB/grub. cfg file;

(3) If not, add the following content in the Ubuntu startup format:

Menuentry "Windows XP SP3 "{
Insmod NTFS
Set root = '(hd0, 1 )'
Chainloader + 1
}

2. Solve the garbled problem of *. MP3 file name in rhythmbox

(1) install the software: sudo apt-Get install Python-mutagen

(2) CD to the directory where MP3 files are stored;

(3) format conversion: mid3iconv-e GBK *. MP3

 

2. Several operations on "Folders" in Ubuntu

(1) Rm-RF non-empty directory name: Force delete everything in a non-empty directory

(2) Rm empty directory: delete an empty directory

(3) Rm file1 file2: delete one or more files

 

3. "Uninstall" software package under Ubuntu

(1) incomplete uninstall (Uninstall a software package and its associated software packages, but keep the configuration information of these software packages in the System)

Apt-Get remove xchat

(2) completely uninstall (delete all related software packages and their configuration files)

Apt-get-Purge remove xchat

(3) automatic deletion: APT-Get autoremove

 

4. Ubuntu system update and upgrade

(1) update the software Information Database: APT-Get update

(2) system upgrade: APT-Get upgrade

 

5. Set "Super account" in Ubuntu"

(1) enter the command: sudo passwd root and set the password.

(2) User Switch: su Root

 

6. "clear system garbage" in Ubuntu"

(1) Clear the old software cache: sudo apt-Get autoclean

(2) Clear all software caches: sudo apt-Get clean

(3) Delete the isolated software that is no longer used by the system: sudo apt-Get autoremove

 

7. Install eeclipse and CDT in Ubuntu

(1) install eclipse using "xindeli"

Update site Galileo: http://download.eclipse.org/releases/galileo

(3) Select C/C ++ in programminglanguage

 

8. How can I enable ibus automatically under Ubuntu?

(1) system-> preferences-> start the application-> Add to start ibus-daemon

(2) enter the following command on the terminal:

~ $ Which ibus-daemon

/Usr/bin/ibus-daemon

 

9. How do I play SWF files in Ubuntu?

Method 1: Install swfdec Flash Player: sudo apt-Get install swfdec-gnome

(Problem: when using this player to play the SWF file, it cannot be fast forward. It is very uncomfortable !)

Method 2: Install RealPlayer
(1) download realplayer11gold. Bin, see the link http://www.real.com/realplayer/linux

(2) Copy realplayer11gold. bin to the/home/[user name]/directory.

(3) install realplayer11gold. Bin and run the following commands on the terminal:

Chmod + x realplayer11gold. Bin

Sudo./realplayer11gold. Bin

(4) install the SDK as prompted.

10. Set environment variables in Ubuntu

Method 1: Enter the command export Path = "$ path:/my_new_path" in the terminal"

Method 2: Modify the profile file and add export Path = "$ path:/my_new_path" to it"

Method 3: Modify the. bashrc file and add export Path = "$ path:/my_new_path" to it"

Note: The last two methods generally take effect after you log out of the system again.

Test whether the set environment variables take effect. Run the echo $ PATH command on the terminal.

11. Several important files in Ubuntu

(1) software source:/etc/APT/sources. List

(2) $ path:/etc/environment

(3) environment variable:/etc/profile

(4) GRUB:/boot/GRUB/grub. cfg

(5) User Bash:/home/[user]/. bashrc

12. Methods for installing software in Ubuntu

(1) Deb package: Deb is the linux package management method of the Debian series. Ubuntu is derived from Debian. This software installation method is supported by default. After downloading the software in Deb format, you can install it directly on the interface;
(2) source code compilation and installation: Many software provides the source code. You need to compile and install the software by yourself. First, use tar to decompress the source code to a directory, and then run the following three commands, you can complete software compilation and installation;

./Configure

Make

Sudo make install

(3) apt-Get: APT is the Software Package Manager of Debian and its derivative releases. APT can automatically download, configure, and install software packages in binary or source code format, it simplifies the process of managing software on UNIX systems.

Common installation commands: sudo apt-Get install (remove) software name

13. How to Solve the primission denied error in Ubuntu

(1) permission issues for a single file: chmod A + X [file name]

(2) If you want to make all the files in a folder executable, run the command: chmod A + X [Folder path]/*.

14. Ubuntu software with the PDF reading/commenting function xournal

Foxit Reader is always used in windows, which is very convenient and small. Foxit Reader also has a Linux version, but does not contain the annotation function. You can use wine to use Foxit installed in windows. This provides a good annotation function, but I have no idea about wine, just like cygwin. In this way, you can only select a compromise solution. xournal is used, and it also has the annotation function.

In ubuntu, you can use the New Delhi software package to search for xournal for installation, or enter the command sudo apt-Get install xournal on the terminal for installation.

15. Install Foxit Reader in Windows using wine in Ubuntu

Note: Foxit Reader has released the Linux version, but does not include the annotation function. Therefore, this method is used.

(1) install wine Using command line or xindeli;

(2) copy the entire installation directory of Foxit Reader in Windows ~ /. Wine/drive_c/program \ files, pay attention to permission issues;

(3) Run wine ~ /. Wine/drive_c/program \ files/Foxit \ Reader/Foxit \ reader.exe to open Foxit Reader in windows. You will find the annotation function;

(4) Create the script Foxit. Sh, right-click *. pdf file, and select the newly created script. Then, you can double-click *. pdf and select Foxit Reader to open the file;

# The content of the Foxit. Sh script is as follows:

Foxitreader = "~ /. Wine/drive_c/program files/Foxit \ Software/Foxit \ Reader/Foxit \ reader.exe"

Root_drive = "Z :\\"

For ARG

Do

Wine "$ foxitreader" "$ {root_drive} $ (echo" $ Arg "| SED's // \\/ G ')"

Done

 

16. Install and uninstall the Deb package through the command line in Ubuntu

(1) dpkg-I ***. Deb (install ***. Deb. Note that this is the Deb package name, not the software name)
(2) dpkg-L | grep *** (find the result. Some software packages will be in the form of ***-SVN. Do not drop-SVN)
(3) dpkg-r *** (delete ***)
(4) dpkg -- purge *** (delete the configuration file)

 

17. Install *. CHM File reader chmsee in Ubuntu

(1) Search for chmsee in "xindeli" for installation;

(2) run the following command: sudo apt-Get install chmsee

 

18. Install the English-Chinese dictionary stardict and configuration in Ubuntu

(1) Run sudo apt-Get install stardict under the command line to install the startdict dictionary;

(2) decompress shijishuangxiangcidian-2.4.2.zip and put it in the/usr/share/stardict/DIC directory;

(3) Real-person pronunciation:

I. Decompress wyabdcrealpeopletts.tar.bz2 and copy the decompressed folder to the/usr/share directory;

Ii. Open stardict and change "enable sound event" from play to aplay in "preference-> dictionary-> sound;

III. In "preference-> dictionary-> sound", select "use TTS program" as "espeak % S &";

(4) Additional options:

I. register an account in "preferences-> network-> net dict;

Ii. In "dictionary management-> network dictionaries", select your favorite Network Dictionary;

 

19. Is the menu bar at the top or bottom of the Ubuntu panel missing?

(1) terminal input: gconftool -- Recursive-unset/apps/panel

(2) terminal input: Rm-RF ~ /. Gconf/apps/panel

(3) terminal input: pkill gnome-panel

In this way, the default value will be restored for the upper and lower panel of ubuntu by default, and the layout of each "Top + bottom" Panel will appear.

20. Ubuntu Video Player gnome mplayer

(1) Search for and install gnome mplayer using "xindeli"

(2) garbled Chinese subtitles: Edit-> preferences-> ages settings, select Chinese & cp936

Edit-> preferences-> Subtitles-> subtitle file encoding, select cp936

21. View MMS Link under Ubuntu (eg: BYR-IPTV)

Problem description: The requested plugins are: Microsoft Media Server (MMS) protocol Source

(1) Use applications-> Ubuntu Software Center-> sound & video, search for MMS, find and install gstreamer plugins;

(2) try to open the MMS link. Totem will continue to prompt for the missing plug-in and install it as prompted until the plug-in is no longer missing.

22. Ubuntu open *. txt file garbled

(1) Enter gconf-editor on the terminal to bring up gconf-edit;

(2) choose apps> gedit2> preferences> encodings;

(3) double-click auto-detected. In the displayed dialog box, add gb18030, GBK, and gb2312, and move gb18030, gb2312 to the top.

In this case.

23. Right-click Ubuntu to delete unnecessary open methods

(1) Clear ~ The contents of the mimeapps. list file and mimeinfo. cache file under the/. Local/share/applications directory;

(2) Clear ~ /. Local/share/applications files except mimeapps. List and mimeinfo. cache files;