Research on UML-Based System Analysis Methods

Introduction

UML is a standardized language for compiling system blueprints. It can visualize, describe, and construct system models for various components of large and complex systems, and create various required documents, it is a well-defined, easy-to-Express, powerful, and universally applicable modeling language. The development of UML has made outstanding contributions to the development of software engineering.

UML supports the entire process of software development starting from requirement analysis. UML creates a system model using three types of graphs: Use Case diagram and static structure diagram (object class diagram, object diagram, component diagram, and configuration diagram) and dynamic behavior graphs (sequence diagram, collaboration diagram, state diagram, and activity diagram). These graphs can be visualized from different abstract perspectives.

The development of URM has gone through the following stages.

The initial phase was the joint action of experts. Three OO (Object-Oriented) Methodologists [8] combined their respective methods to form UML 0.9.

The second stage is the joint action of the company. A "UML partner organization" composed of more than a dozen companies adds their opinions to UML to form UML 1.0 and 1.1, it also serves as a proposal to apply to OMG to become a modeling language specification.

The third stage is the revision and improvement under the control of OMG. In November 1997, OMG formally adopted UML 1.1 as the modeling language specification, and then set up a task group for continuous revision, UML 1.2, 1.3, and 1.4 are generated. Among them, UML 1.3 is an important revision.

It is currently in the major revision phase of UML, with the goal of introducing UML 2.0 as a standard proposal submitted to ISO.

1. Characteristics of UML

UML has the following features:

(1) Object-oriented. UML supports the main concepts of object-oriented technology, provides a group of basic model elements to express graphics and methods, and can express various object-oriented concepts in a concise and clear manner.

(2) visualization, strong presentation ability. The UML Model diagram clearly shows the logical model and implementation model of the system. It can be used for modeling various complex systems.

(3) independent from the process. UML is a system modeling language independent of the development process.

(4) independent from programming languages. The software system model created using UML can be implemented using any object-oriented programming method, such as Java, VC ++, and SmalltaIk.

(5) easy to use. The UML graphic structure is clear, the modeling is concise, and easy to use.

Using UML for system analysis and design can accelerate the development process, improve the code quality, and support dynamic business needs. UML is suitable for system development of various scales. It facilitates software reuse, easily integrates existing systems, and effectively handles various risks in development.

2. UML object-oriented analysis design process

Using UML for object-oriented system analysis design, the process usually consists of the following three parts:

(1) identify system use cases and Roles

First, conduct a Demand Survey on the project. Based on the business flow chart and data flow chart of the project and the operation personnel at all levels involved in the project, identify all use cases and roles in the system through analysis; next, analyze the relationship between roles and use cases in the system, use the UML modeling tool to draw a system use case diagram, and sketch the concept layer model of the system, use a UML modeling tool to describe the conceptual layer class diagram and activity diagram.

(2) perform system analysis and extract classes

The task of system analysis is to identify and describe all the requirements of the system, and establish a specific domain model. The establishment of a domain model helps developers evaluate use cases, extract classes from them, and describe the relationships between classes.

(3) system design, design and Behavior

The design phase consists of structural design and detailed design. ① Structure design is a high-level design. Its task is to define the package (subsystem), including the dependency between packages and the main communication mechanism. The package is used to describe the logical components of the system and the dependencies between each part. ② The detailed design is to refine the content of the package, clearly describe all classes, and use the dynamic model of UML to describe the behavior of instances of these classes in a specific environment.
Application of UML object-oriented analysis design in open student registration management system

UML is a modeling language and an integral part of system development. It does not define or represent the concept of the development process [2]. The creators of UML, Booch, Jacob, and Rumbaugh, have integrated the strengths of various system development processes with the support of Rational, and proposed a new object-oriented development process, it is called the Rational Unified Process (RUP ). The core workflow of the RUP process includes business modeling, requirement analysis, system analysis and design, implementation, testing, and system configuration. The following uses UML to analyze and construct the student status management model and describe it based on the Rational Unified Process. The graphic is drawn using the Rational Rose tool software.

1. Overview of open Student Status Management System

With the rapid development of network technology and software technology, especially the emergence of Internet/Intranet and the rapid development of related technologies, the information revolution has brought about increasing competition in the global market, it has a huge impact on the traditional office teaching and lifestyle. Office automation is the use of Internet/Intranet technology, based on the concept of workflow, so that internal staff can easily and quickly share information, efficient collaboration, change the past complex, inefficient way of manual office, quick and comprehensive information collection and processing. The construction of campus network provides technical support for an open student status management system.

The open student status management system is monitored by the School Student Status Management Information Center. It manages Teaching Departments (departments) and teaching and research sections hierarchically, the management system consists of student archive management, tutor management, instructor management, Course Selection management, score query management, and report printing. Students of course selection and even adjacent online schools participate in the management system.
Student Status management is monitored by the School Student Status Management Center. The Teaching Departments and teaching and research sections are hierarchically managed, and teachers and students of course selection participate in the management.

2. Use Cases and roles of the open student registration management system

The purpose of business modeling and demand analysis is to evaluate student status management, collect and analyze system requirements, and understand the problems to be solved by the system. The focus is to fully consider the practicality of the system. The results can be expressed in a U se Case model (figure 1). The Activator In the model represents the role of external interaction with the system, including the student and system administrator. the Use Case model describes the system requirements, express system functions and services, this includes the student archive management subsystem, tutor archive management subsystem, course management subsystem, instructor management subsystem, Course Selection management subsystem, score management subsystem, and print report subsystem.

In Figure 1, the solid line between model elements indicates that there is an association between the two. It is the Use Case model at the student status management system layer. It only contains the most basic Use Case model and is the high-level abstraction of the system, in the development process, as the understanding of the system continues to deepen, the Use Case model can be constantly refined from top to bottom, and a more detailed Use Case model can be developed.

3. Open Student Status Management System Analysis and Design

System Analysis and Design are the implementation environment and system structure to be used. The result is to generate an object model, that is, the design model. The design model includes the Use Case implementation, which shows how objects communicate with each other and operate to implement the Use Case stream. For the static structure of the system. You can use an object class diagram, an object diagram, a component diagram, and a configuration diagram to describe the dynamic behaviors of the system. You can use a sequence diagram, a collaboration diagram, a state diagram, and an activity diagram to describe the dynamic behaviors of the system. These figures, coupled with the support documentation, constitute a complete design model.

(1) Analysis and Design of static structures

The student status management system has a large number of digital information resources. These resources are in multiple media and formats and are still related to each other. The data volume is large and the length of the information is not fixed. Unstructured Information and structure information coexist. Traditional databases and information management systems virtualize the management and operation of these digital information resources in terms of data models, system structures, and user interfaces, this determines that the student status management must adopt an object-oriented method to establish a data model and management model, and establish an object-oriented database. Implement an object-oriented information management system. Using UML for Object-Oriented Analysis and Design of the student status management system, you can grasp the characteristics of student status management information resources from the bottom of the system from the first step of development, lay a solid foundation for the specific implementation of the next step. When creating a model for the student status management system, it involves processing a large number of model elements, such as object classes, interfaces, components, nodes, and graphs. Figure 2 shows the student category in the student status management system.

In the student class diagram in Figure 2, the attributes and methods of the student class are included. For example, studentId is the student's student ID, and the data type is bigint (8), and the master code; selectCourse (courseId: bigint, studentId: bigint) return int, is a class method, the entry parameters are the course number courseId and studentId. This method is used to select a course.

(2) Analysis and Design of dynamic Structures

All the services provided by the Student Management Hall are built on the distributed and open information structure. It relies on high-speed and reliable network rings. Each service can be regarded as an event stream, which is completed by the interaction and cooperation of several related objects. For the internal collaboration relationships and process behaviors of the system, you can draw a sequence chart and a collaborative diagram to help you observe and understand.
The sequence of states that an object experiences during the double survival period. It is very important to grasp the behavior and State migration changes of an object. You can get back to the status to learn about the history of an object, causing an event where one State is transferred to another, and the action caused by status transfer.

In addition, you can use an activity diagram to describe workflow and concurrent processing behavior to express the control flow from one activity to another. A Sequence diagram and a collaboration diagram are suitable for describing the collaborative behavior of multiple objects, the status chart is suitable for describing the behavior of an object traversing multiple Use cases. The difference between a status chart and an activity chart is that a state chart describes the external behavior of an object-class RESPONSE event. The activity diagram describes the behavior of the object class in response to internal processing. Figure 3 shows the student's score query activity.

In Figure 3, a student logs on to the student status management system and enters the user name and password. If the user name and password are incorrect, the student will return. Otherwise, go to the next step: select the query type (query score ), then enter the query keyword, and then perform the query. The system automatically generates a transcript.

4. Implementation, testing and system configuration of the open student registration management system

After the system is split and designed. based on the design model, you can implement the system in a specific environment, generate the source code, executable programs, and corresponding software documents of the system, and create an executable system. then, the system needs to be tested and troubleshooting to ensure that the system meets the predefined requirements. Obtain an error-free system implementation. The debugging result confirms that the completed system can be used. Finally, the task of system configuration is to configure and debug the system in the actual running environment to solve any problems that may exist before the system is officially used.

Summary

UML is a powerful and object-oriented modeling language for visual system analysis. It adopts a complete set of mature modeling technologies and is widely used in various application fields. Its models help developers better understand business processes and build more reliable and complete system models. This allows users and developers to have the same understanding of the problem description to reduce semantic differences and ensure the correctness of the analysis.

Through the development of the student status management system, we can see that UML, as a modeling language in software engineering, represents the development direction of object-oriented software development technology and has great economic and national defense value, it has gained extensive international support and has a very good application prospect.