Research on intelligent health care system based on Internet of Things

1 cited Words

At present, the construction of hospital informatization in our country is in the exploratory stage, and the clinical Nursing Service is realized by the manual operation semiautomatic method. Because the clinical nursing work is complicated and trivial, the collection, classification, aggregation and preservation of patient information occupy a large amount of manpower, material resources and time, and the nursing staff can not monitor and control the patient information in real time. Therefore, how to alleviate the work pressure of clinical nurses, using automated equipment to collect and control patient information in real time is an urgent problem to be solved.

With the development of Internet of things technology, intelligent Medical Service has become one of the important directions of hospital informatization development. Intelligent medical treatment is mainly refers to the application of Internet of things technology in the health care system, in particular, it refers to the combination of human information collection and computer processing through medical sensing devices and networks to realize the remote perception and control of patients ' physiological parameters. Based on the three-layer architecture of the IoT ZigBee Wireless Module , this paper makes a detailed division of the four-layer functional model of the hospital Intelligent Health care system and its related implementation technology. The system is mainly applied to the automatic real-time collection and control of patients ' information in hospital, which can reduce the manpower, material and time burden of hospital nursing, and provide the physiological data parameters for remote hospital Expert consultation. The system also provides reference for subsequent system design and other intelligent applications of the Internet of things.

2 four-tier architecture for the IoT Smart Care system

According to the architecture of Internet of Things technology, the system divides the intelligent health care system into four layers: perceptual layer, processing layer, network layer, application layer, respectively. See Figure 1.

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Figure 1 IoT Intelligent Healthcare System four-tier architecture model

2. 1 Perceptual Layer

In this system, the perceptual layer is mainly to collect the physiological parameters of the patients ' corresponding parts, and then upload the data information of different parts to the processing layer, and accept the control information of the processing layer and complete the corresponding tasks. The perceptual layer mainly realizes two functions, one is the data of ZigBee of patient information and the other is classified transmission of different information.

2. 1. 1 Collection of information

Patient information acquisition includes identification, body temperature collection, blood pressure collection, bone collection, ECG acquisition, pulse acquisition, etc., mainly using radio frequency identification (radio Frequencyidentification,rfid), temperature sensor, bone density sensor, The pressure sensor, such as the perception of the corresponding body parts, to obtain the corresponding electrical signals. While realizing the function, this system explores the best method of data acquisition information of ZigBee, and strives to realize the accuracy of collecting information in ±0. 01.

2. 1. 2 Transmission of information

Due to the need to collect physiological parameters of multiple parts of the body, if each sensor is assigned a processor, it will not be able to make full use of effective resources. Therefore, it is necessary to use multi-channel transmission technology to realize the separate transmission of different information, or use multisensor fusion technology to realize different classification of information. This system uses ZigBee Wireless module Transmission sensor network based on ZigBee specification.

2. 1. 2. 1 ZigBee Specification Analysis

In this system to use multiple sensors to measure the patient's multiple different parts, the need to build a large-scale wireless sensor network (large scalewireless sensors network,ls-wsn), ZigBee specification and other wireless transmission protocol, with support for star-shaped, Multi-tree and mesh network topologies, low-power, low-cost, low-data-rate WSN applications. The system uses Freescale Company's Beestack protocol stack, which adopts direct sequence spread spectrum, which will be 2. The 4GHZ band is divided into 16 optional channels that do not overlap, so that the transmission of different channels does not interfere with each other. The disadvantage of the ZigBee specification is that it uses centralized management, to build LS-WSN, and to use a gateway device.

2. 2 processing Layer

The sensor device transmits ZigBee data acquisition directly to the processing layer, which needs to be processed before it can be transferred to the server database, and the sensor also needs to accept the control of the processing layer. This requires a controller to implement this function at the processing layer. The system uses Cypress Microsystems programmable on-chip system PSOC in the United States.

2. 2. 1 Advantages of PSOC

PSoC, in addition to the microcontroller, also includes sufficient resources, for the system development and design of almost no external circuit. These resources can be freely combined, their parameters can be selected or set, coupled with the dynamic reconfiguration function, enough to replace almost all common peripheral devices, see Figure 2.

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Figure 2 PSOC Structure diagram

The model that enables the developer to design the original circuit chip as the core is transformed into a combination of integrated system functions. Obviously reduce the system product volume, shorten the development cycle, reduce the development cost, improve the development efficiency

2. 3 Network Layer

This layer mainly realizes the processing of the patient data transfer to the server, can be achieved through the GPRS module wireless transmission technology to achieve this function. At the same time accept the host computer to send control information. Based on the hospital including a large number of patient data transmission, you can set up a server in each nurse station, a number of huge data servers to form a cloud computing platform, the use of cloud technology to achieve data storage, analysis, mining, query.

2. 3. 1 Cloud Computing

Cloud computing platform is an important carrier of hospital informatization Development, the use of computer distributed processing technology, Grid computing, communication technology can solve the real-time dynamic storage and computation of massive data, can realize the scientific rationality of data processing, query server data source diversity and load balance, promote the "wisdom of medical" and hospital services for the development of public utilities.

2. 4 Application Layer

The application layer of the system uses B/s architecture, the processing layer uses the C # language to transfer processing information through the network layer to SQL Server for saving, while the application layer uses ASP. NET language to realize the dynamic display of data, the client according to the appropriate access to the system, the attending physician can view the body of the patient's physiological parameters, according to the patient's situation to set up a treatment plan, prescribe medical advice, etc. nurses at the station can view the physiological parameters of the patients in their department, according to medical advice, Human body standard physiological parameters and intelligent expert tips to care for patients; patients ' family members through intelligent equipment, according to the hospital number and set the password off-site after the realization of the patient's physiological parameters to view, timely understanding of the patient's condition, to achieve long-distance escort; At the same time, remote experts can also achieve long-distance consultation.

3 The overall design of the intelligent health care system

Combined with the current situation of hospital medical care work, through scientific and rational design, the system strives to achieve the following major functions: (1) using RFID Radio Frequency identification technology to realize patient identification. (2) through the sensor technology and reasonable ZigBee data acquisition method to achieve the accurate collection of patient information. (3) The use of programmable on-chip system PSOC platform and wireless communication technology GPRS to achieve patient information processing, real-time transmission to the server. (4) Set datum parameters and wills to achieve the patient's abnormal physiological parameters of the alarm and nursing tips, health and quality of life intelligent decision-making. (5) based on B/s structure to realize medical staff information view, family remote escort and hospital expert remote consultation. The system in order to achieve the above functions, as far as possible from the sensor, single-chip microcomputer and other equipment, such as the volume of miniaturization, the sensor, microcontroller and other equipment placed in the patient clothing, patients just put on this kind of patient clothing, will automatically send its information and physiological parameters to the server. According to the above functions, the system constructs the overall design scheme shown in 3.

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Figure 3 Intelligent Healthcare System functional Module diagram based on IoT technology

4 system hardware and software design

Taking the human body temperature parameter monitoring as an example, the traditional temperature measurement using glass mercury thermometer, there are fragile, mercury pollution, subjective reading inaccurate, not real-time measurement and other shortcomings. The use of digital electronic equipment to measure the body temperature is a good solution to the above defects.

4. 1 Hardware Design

Sensing layer temperature Sensor Select Tri-crystalline electronic company mf5a-4 type NTC thermistor, the product uses cylindrical epoxy package, diameter 1. 9 mm, long mm, with high sensitivity, small size and other characteristics. In the design of temperature monitoring points for the consideration of the accuracy of testing, the use of multi-point test monitoring, to explore the best monitoring location, see Figure 4.

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Fig. 4多 Temperature Monitoring Chart

In the data processing layer, ZigBee digital cluster tree wireless network is used for multi-point temperature data transmission, and the cluster tree routing algorithm is analyzed and realized to improve the accuracy and real-time of data acquisition. Through the dynamic reconfiguration function of the system PSOC on the programmable chip, the Data control processing layer is constructed by using PSOC sufficient resources. Transmit data to the server using the wireless transmission function of GPRS module

4. 2 Software Design

Using Cypress's PSOC creator as the development and debugging tool of the system, using the built-in C + + as the development language, for the bottom-up design provides a great convenience, the development of server systems using ASP. NET +sqlserver, due to ASP. NET uses C # as a built-in language, facilitating programmatic interaction with the underlying hardware interface. The system sends processing-layer data to the server's database every 10 seconds, and the client refreshes the human temperature curve in real time, and can calculate the specific data value at a certain time.

5 system testing and optimization

The system to the monitoring data to carry out a full range of comparative testing, the system is repeatedly improved and optimized to achieve the purpose of system development. (1) The monitoring site of human body testing, through the multi-site monitoring test, to obtain the best monitoring site points. (2) Comparison of different monitoring methods, sensor instrument type, the monitoring method is gradually optimized to select small size, stable, accurate, cost-effective sensor equipment. (3) Randomly fetch packets, test data transfer rate and data volume, optimize the network transmission algorithm. (4) using Spass software to sample the physiological parameters of patients, from many aspects of the patient, doctors, nurses, patients and family members of the traditional monitoring technology and the system to monitor the satisfaction of the system to gradually optimize.

6 Conclusion

To sum up, based on the internet of things ZigBee Digital transmission Technology Intelligent health care system. ZigBee Wireless module realizes the human physiological parameters of ZigBee data acquisition, processing, transmission, display and other functions, with the following four advantages and competitiveness: (1) break through the original peripheral circuit design of the single-chip microcomputer design, using the current leading programmable on-chip system PSOC, reduce the development costs, Shorten the development cycle and increase the flexibility of the design. (2) The use of ZigBee Digital Wireless sensor network, to achieve multi-point signal monitoring, real-time accurate transmission. (3) The design of Web application layer based on B/s architecture, using remote access, reduce the work pressure and intensity of medical staff, reduce material resources and financial resources. Realize remote Expert consultation and family nursing patients. (4) in the design process, fully consider the miniaturization of hardware equipment, so that the sensor equipment placed in the patient service, and strive to achieve the "intelligent Patient Service" goal.

Research on intelligent health care system based on Internet of Things