Shell reads the row and column of a file

I want to perform frequent operations on a file. To obtain the values of different columns in each row, I know the method is While read line Do Echo $ Line | awk '{print $1}' # obtain the value of the first column in each row Echo $ Line | awk '{print $2}' # obtain the second column value of each row Done <$ File I feel so troublesome. I don't know if there is any better method. In addition, I use sed-I to make changes, and the efficiency is not high. Is there any better way ???

If [-S $ filename]; then is used to determine whether a file exists and the file size is greater than 0, true is returned.