Single-cell article sharing: Molecular diversity of midbrain development in Mouse, Human, and Stem Cells

Molecular diversity of midbrain development in Mouse, Human, and Stem Cells

The author's official website: ventral midbrain

By the way: Download all the data and Python notebooks from GitHub to reproduce the main figures.

github:linnarsson-lab/ipynb-lamanno2016

Tutorial: Scrna-seq Datasets

Https://github.com/hemberg-lab/scRNA.seq.datasets

Cell: Identification of dopamine-producing cells in the midbrain

October 11, 2016/bio-Valley bioon/--in a new study, researchers from the University of Carolina in Sweden identified dopamine-producing cells in the midbrain of mice and humans. They have also developed a way to assess the quality of the dopamine cells that are cultured in vitro, which is of great benefit to the study of Parkinson's disease. The results were published in the October 6, 2016 issue of the cell Journal, titled "Molecular Diversity of midbrain development in Mouse, Human, and Stem Cells".
Embryonic development in the midbrain is of great interest to scientists who want to find better therapies for Parkinson's disease. The symptoms of this disease are caused by the loss of dopamine-producing cells in the midbrain, which causes the deterioration of motor function.
So far, there is no cure for the disease, but researchers are keen to use new cells from stem cells in the lab to replace the lost dopamine-producing cells.
However, one of the obstacles to this study is that people have little knowledge of the brain, which means that there is also a lack of understanding of the similarities between the in vitro cultured cells producing dopamine and endogenous dopamine-producing cells.
"To learn more about this, we use single-cell analysis to study the activity of genes in individual cells," said Professor Sten Linnarsson of the Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics at Carol College. We identified cells that produced dopamine in vitro and compared them with those in the human brain and mice. ”
Under the leadership of Professor Linnarsson, Professor Ernest Arenas, and PhD Gioele La Manno and Daniel Gyllborg, the researchers found 25 different types of cells, Includes previously unknown immature cells (radial glial cell) subtypes that produce specific types of neurons. One surprising finding is that these in vitro cell cultures have almost the same degree of diversity and complexity as in the brains of humans.
"They are similar in composition to the corresponding cells in the brain, but they are not exactly the same, and probably do not perform the same function," Linnarsson said. Our goal is to produce cells that are cultured in vitro, and they are as similar to those cells that are formed in the brain. ”
The study also developed a method for evaluating the quality of stem cells, which was obtained by comparing efforts with cells observed in embryos. This method is highly meaningful for understanding brain development, and it is particularly important to evaluate the quality of these cells that can someday be transplanted into the body in clinical trials.
"We need to know what we're going to implant into the brain," says Prof Arenas. So far, we have only been able to test some markers in the cells where the fetus produces dopamine. Our new approach offers new opportunities for quality assessment and research into Parkinson's disease. ”
The ability to compare dopamine-producing cells from two species
This is also the first method developed to compare the dopamine-producing cells from two species---mice and humans---. Given that all the research in this area is done effectively in mice, this provides a very important tool for scientists.
"Human and mouse embryonic development is surprisingly similar in terms of cell type and gene activity," says Prof Linnarsson. Our research can therefore be seen as a valid evidence for the study of dopamine-producing cells in mice. "(Biological Valley bioon.com)
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Molecular diversity of midbrain development in Mouse, Human, and Stem Cells
Gioele La Manno7, Daniel Gyllborg7, Simone Codeluppi, Kaneyasu Nishimura, Carmen Salto, Amit Zeisel, Lars E. Borm, Simon R . W. Stott, Enrique M. Toledo, J. Carlos Villaescusa, Peter L?nnerberg, Jesper Ryge, Roger A. Barker, Ernest Arenas, Sten Li Nnarsson
doi:10.1016/j.cell.2016.09.027

Single-cell article sharing: Molecular diversity of midbrain development in Mouse, Human, and Stem Cells