Sinsing Cloud Computing notes the first cloud computing concept

Benefits of Cloud computing:

(1) From the user experience point of view. For individual users, there will be more and more Internet-based services in the era of cloud computing, we can easily access them without a client, just by using a browser, and we can share and collaborate on data such as documents in the cloud, and we could co-edit an article It then ensures that the collaboration is secure through a strict authority management mechanism. For enterprise users, cloud technology can be used to optimize existing IT services, make existing IT services more reliable, more automated, but also the enterprise's IT services to the overall migration to the cloud, so that enterprises can offload the burden of maintaining IT services, so that more focus on their main business.

(2) from a cost perspective. For individual users, the services we use are running in the cloud, with very little local computing requirements, we only need a cheap, internet-ready smart terminal, and we don't need to start buying expensive software clients. For enterprise users, we can reduce the initial investment cost of enterprise IT and later maintenance costs, but also can outsource IT services or the overall migration to the external cloud to reduce the size of the IT department, so that the structure of the company's cost is more perfect.

Features of cloud computing:

(1) ultra-large scale. Most cloud computing centers have considerable scale, and cloud computing centers are able to empower users with unprecedented computing and storage capabilities by consolidating and managing these huge clusters of computers.

(2) Abstraction. Cloud computing enables users to use a variety of terminals anywhere to obtain application services, and the requested resources come from the cloud rather than fixed physical entities. Apps run somewhere in the cloud, and users don't need to know or worry about where the app is running, which simplifies the use of the app.

(3) High reliability. The cloud computing center uses such measures as data multi-copy fault tolerance, heartbeat detection and compute node isomorphism to ensure high service reliability at the hardware and software level, as well as redundancy design for energy, refrigeration and network connectivity at the facility level to further guarantee service reliability.

(4) versatility. Cloud computing centers rarely exist for specific applications, effectively supporting most of the industry's mainstream applications, and a cloud can support many different types of applications at the same time, and guarantee the quality of the services they run.

(5) High scalability. The cloud resources used by users can be adjusted and dynamically scaled according to the needs of their applications, and with the hyper-scale of the cloud center itself mentioned earlier, the cloud can effectively meet the needs of large-scale application and user growth.

(6) on-demand service. Cloud can be understood as a huge pool of resources, users can purchase on-demand, without any hardware and software and facilities and other aspects of the upfront investment.

(7) Cheap. Cloud Computing Center itself is large enough to bring economy and improve resource utilization, most of the cloud with cheap and common nodes to build, so users can fully enjoy the low cost of cloud computing advantages.

(8) automation. In the cloud, whether the deployment of applications, services or resources, or the management of hardware and software, mainly through automated means of implementation and management, but also greatly reduce the overall cloud computing center of human costs.

(9) Energy saving and environmental protection. Cloud computing technology is able to consolidate workloads across a wide variety of low-utilization servers into the cloud to improve resource efficiency, and the cloud is managed by a professional management team, so its pue (Power usage effectiveness, battery efficiency) Value is much better than the average enterprise data center.

(10) Perfect operation and maintenance mechanism. At the other end of the cloud, there is a more professional team to help users manage information, and more advanced data centers to help users save data.

Four phases of cloud computing:

(1) power plant mode. It means using the scale effect of the power plant to reduce the price of electricity and make it easier for users to use, without having to maintain and purchase any power generation equipment.

(2) Utility calculation. The concept draws on the power plant model, which aims to integrate disparate servers, storage systems, and applications to share with multiple users, allowing users to use computer resources like light bulbs plugged into a lamp base and pay for the amount they use. Since the IT industry was still in its infancy, many powerful technologies had not yet been created, such as the Internet, so the idea had not been realized.

(3) Grid computing. The grid in grid computing refers to the grid of electricity, which is very close to utility computing. Grid computing studies how to divide a problem that requires very large computational power into small parts, and then allocate these parts to many low-performance computers to deal with, and finally synthesize these results to conquer big problems. The lack of grid computing in terms of business models, technologies, and security has made it less successful in the engineering community and in businesses.

(4) Cloud computing. It is very similar to the previous utility calculation and grid computing, it has a certain size in terms of demand, but also in the technical aspect has been basically mature.

Cloud Computing's five main categories of technical support:

(1) Moore's Law. The content is that when the price is constant, the number of components that can be accommodated on the IC is increased by a factor of about every 18-24 months, and the performance will be increased by one time. The main point here is that hardware devices such as chips, memory and hard drives have been greatly improved in terms of performance and capacity.

(2) Network facilities. Due to the popularity of ADSL broadband and optical fiber, network broadband has increased from the past average 50kbit/s to an average of 1mbit/s, basically to meet the needs of most services, including video and other multimedia services. And the development of wireless networks and mobile communications, so that the Internet is no longer luxury jewelry, but the social infrastructure.

(3) Web technology. In terms of user experience, the web has become more and more accessible to desktop applications, so that users can use a wide range of powerful Web applications through their browsers as long as they are connected via the Internet and the cloud.

(4) System virtualization. With the development of system virtualization technologies such as VMware and vsphere and Xen, a single server can consolidate the load of multiple servers in the past, effectively increase the utilization of hardware, and reduce energy waste and hardware acquisition costs. And these technologies effectively enhance the automation of data center management in Chengdu, thus greatly reducing the investment in management, making the management of Cloud computing center smarter.

(5) mobile device. Today's mobile devices are not just a mobile phone, but also a well-equipped information terminal, through which we can more easily access information and applications on the Internet. While the overall functionality of mobile devices is getting closer to desktops, these mobile devices make it easier to access services in the cloud.

The current History of cloud computing:

(1) In 1999, Oracle's executive Marc Benioff created Salesforce to sell an online CRM system-based internet company, and defined the concept of SaaS, received praise from the technology community and user support, People are beginning to believe that cloud-like products are technically feasible and commercially viable.

(2) In 2003, Nicholas Carr that it technology has been commodity, it has been difficult for enterprises to bring a certain competitive advantage. He has been widely reviled by the IT community, and he himself has been a self-proclaimed "public Enemy" in the IT community.

(3) Google published a paper on the GFS (Google file System,google file system) distributed storage System at the SOSP Conference in 2003 and published a paper on MapReduce distributed processing technology at the OSDI Conference in 2004. A paper on the BigTable distributed database was published at the OSDI conference in 2006. These three papers have led to the emergence of a large number of open source products, the best of which is Hadoop.

(4) Amazon came up with the idea of renting hardware resources to the public, and launched AWS (Amazon Web Service). In 2006, Amazon launched the S3 (simple Storage service, easy storage services) cloud storage service, which launched the EC2 (Elastic Compute cloud, elastic compute) cloud infrastructure service in August 2006, A number of cloud services are also available later. The launch of AWS marks the advent of cloud-related products and is basically available.

(5) IBM and Google announced a "massive distributed computing" initiative on October 8, 2007, with two companies investing in a large data center that allows students to remotely access the data center via the Internet and conduct remote research. This is the plan for cloud computing, the birth of cloud computing.

The impact of cloud computing:

(1) for server vendors. Because large cloud computing centers have their own designs and ideas for hardware, they expect server vendors to customize their hardware, which can lead to the production of generic and custom-made server vendors.

(2) to software developers. It will change the way software is delivered, the sales and release of software will change, as the software and cloud technology deep integration, the use of technology will change, such as the application of software basically will choose the web as its preferred interface, Middleware and the underlying system software will be more optimized for running in the cloud.

(3) for cloud terminal providers. Due to the portability of mobile devices, increasing performance and the convenience of wireless network access, the demand for mobile devices is increasing, but future cloud terminal devices will be more.

(4) for cloud providers. As cloud computing continues to be accepted, the scale of its operations expands, giving cloud providers a lot of opportunity to increase costs, provide operational profits, and improve server utilization.

Usage Scenarios for cloud computing:

(1) IDC Cloud. IDC Cloud is based on IDC's existing data center to add more cloudy genes, such as system virtualization technology, automation management technology and energy monitoring technology. With IDC's cloud platform, users can use resources such as virtual machines and storage.

(2) Enterprise cloud. The use of professional enterprise cloud solutions to improve the level of automation in the Enterprise Data center, the entire IT service thinking from the past hardware and software thinking to provide service-oriented, is the IT staff to focus on innovation business. Enterprise Cloud is ideal for large enterprises that need to improve the operational level of internal data centers and want to make the entire IT service more business-focused.

(3) cloud storage System. Cloud storage bears are particularly suited to businesses that need to manage and store massive amounts of data, and of course for individuals.

(4) Virtual Desktop cloud. The Desktop virtualization technology is the user's desktop environment and its use of the terminal decoupling, the server side in the form of virtual image to store and run each user's desktop environment, and users can access the desktop environment through a small terminal equipment, it is more suitable for those who need to use a large number of desktop systems enterprises.

(5) Develop Test cloud. The development test cloud uses a friendly web interface to book, deploy, manage, and recycle development test environments by pre-configuring virtual images to quickly build an easy-to-buy development test environment, reproduce problems through virtualization technologies such as fast backup/restore, and leverage the powerful computing power of the cloud to stress test applications. It is suitable for organizations and industries that need to develop and test multiple applications.

(6) Large-scale data processing cloud. Sometimes we need to analyze large amounts of data to gain insight into business trends, potential business opportunities, and existing problems to make better, faster, more comprehensive judgments, and we can leverage the computing power and storage capabilities of the cloud platform to handle massive amounts of data on a large scale.

(7) Collaboration cloud. The collaboration cloud is a cloud provider based on the IDC Cloud or a proprietary cloud of direct artifacts, where we can build a complete set of collaboration software and then share it with users, which is ideal for collaboration tools that require some But companies and individuals who do not want to maintain the relevant hardware and software and pay for the high license fees.

(8) Game cloud. We are generally divided into two categories, the first is the Web-based game mode, the second is the large-capacity and high-quality professional game. For the first way to adopt back-end cloud and front-end flash, the second type of game cloud is not yet mature.

(9) HPC Cloud. The so-called HPC is the high performance Computing, which is performance computing. The main problem is that the ① supply and demand imbalance, either the HPC resources are too scarce, can not meet the requirements, or is rich and poor, resulting in HPC resources can not be properly distributed. ② existing HPC designs and demands.

(10) Cloud Antivirus. With cloud-based antivirus, antivirus software can upload suspect data to the cloud and analyze the data for viruses through feature libraries and powerful processing capabilities in the cloud. Now the anti-virus software basically support cloud antivirus.

Sinsing Cloud Computing notes the first cloud computing concept