Skills in English-Chinese translation

1. Word Selection Method:

everylife have its roses and thorns. (Roses is originally meant to be a rose, thorns is a thorn! )

I you is in a area and people start-to-fall over, you have the authority -put on mask on your own. (If someone in your place starts to fall, you have the right to wear a mask.) Authority here means "right")

At last, Mary went home with a heavy heart. (Finally, Mary went home with a heavy heart.) The basic meaning of heavy is "heavy", a heavy heart means "heavy heart". )

The food supply won't increase nearly enough to match this, and which means that we were heading to a crisis in the Matter of producting and marketing food.

(Head is a verb, meaning "enter, fall into", marketing the term means sales. )

Before the old man could protest, he and the others were led away.

He and the others were taken away before the old man could tell. The meaning of the protest in this sentence is not "protest", but "the reason for the claim, the objection." “)

Students of how children learn language generally agree so the most remakable aspect of this feat is the rapid Acquisition of Grammer.

Scholars who study how children learn language generally believe that the most striking aspect of this performance is the rapid mastery of grammatical knowledge. (in this sentence the student is not "student", but "research ... Scholar ". ）

The baby has a went its bed again.

(went is a verb here, meaning: To make one's bad wet by passing water from the body uncontrollably urine wet)

Money was King in many places. In many places, money dominates everything.

(King here is not meant by "kings", but "the most important", "dominant" means)

He broke He fast by drinking some milk. He breaks the fast and drinks some milk. (Fast means "fast")

He then found the mercury column measured the height predicted. Later, he found that the Mercury column rose to the expected height.

(measured itself does not mean "ascending", but if it is "measured" by its basic meaning, it will be translated: "Later, he found that the Mercury column measured the expected height." “）

2. The method of increasing translation

In order to make the meaning clearer, the meaning, modification and syntactic considerations need to be appropriately added in the translation to some words that have meaning without their words.

A. Abstract noun after the addition of words to make it specific: for example: serious unemployment serious unemployment problem .

He was still reluctant to talk substance. , he still did not want to talk about substantive things .

B. Add an appropriate noun: for example: The temperature needed for this progressing is lower than, needed to melt. This processing method requires a temperature lower than the temperature at which the metal is melted.

Fundamentally, electronics is based upon a understanding of the physical world, which is, upon physics. Electronics are basically people 's knowledge of the physical world, which is based on physics. (Part of the supplemental passive voice omitted)

With virtually unlimited access, television both proceeds literaly and, increasingly preempts it.

With the unrestricted acceptance of electrons, it has overtaken the role of literacy and is increasingly being replaced.

C. Increase in the number of words: for example, first oil swell well.

The Vius may survive weeks and months. The virus may last for weeks or months.

It leads the discussion to extremes at the outset: It invites your think that animals should be treated either With the consideration humans extend to other humans, or with no consideration at all. This statement leads the discussion to two extremes at the outset: either as concerned about the human person or as completely indifferent.

D. Add adjectives: For example : Speed and Reliability is the chief advantages of the electronic computers. Fast speed, high reliability, is the main advantage of the computer.

E. intransitive verb after garbin language: The old lady can still knit when she was years old. The old lady can knit a sweater when she is 70 years old.

John ' s mother washed for a living after his father died. After John's father died, his mother made a living by washing clothes .

Children like to sing and dance. The children like to sing songs and dance.

I has not enough time to read. I don't have enough time to read.

F. Add conjunctions: For example If you is an energetic man with which you is concerned, you find yourself invariably under the orders of SOM E big man at the top who is elderly, weary and cynical.

If you are an energetic person and have a unique perspective on how to complete your work, you will find yourself always in command of one of the big shots above, who is old, energetic and fastidious.

G. Add words to the past tense. For example: You were, your is, and you remain to be my beloved mentor.

You used to be, now is, and will still be my beloved mentor.

' No ', Jean jumped up, "No, I-believed that too, but I don't have now." "No," Jenny jumped up. "No, in the past, I also believe, but now I do not believe."

We were hoping to has a holiday next week, but we could not able to get away now.

We were looking forward to a holiday next week, but we may not be able to leave now.

H. Add words omitted in English: this year the export quantity of black tea increased by percent, and jasmine tea by percent.

The export volume of black tea increased by 20% this year, and the export volume of scented tea increased by 30%.

We won ' t retreat, we never have and would never. We will not retreat, we never retreat, we will never retreat.

When Ower noticed me, I said I was working until he hired me. He did.

When the shopkeeper noticed me, I said I would keep working until he hired me, and he hired me .

I. Add some appropriate modifiers: for example: The student ran all the the-the-to-the station-only-to-find-the-train had-minutes before.

The students ran all the way to the train station, but the train drove off 10 minutes ago.

3. Reduced translation: In order to make the translation more concise and fluent, more in line with the Chinese expression habits, need to omit some unnecessary translation feel some cumbersome words.

A. Omitting pronouns: For example: We are pleased to has received your invitation to the Symposium on the Internet.

I'm very glad to receive your invitation to attend the Internet Conference (omit pronoun us.) ）。

If The chain reaction went on without being checked, it could cause a terrible explosion.

If the chain reaction does not control, it can cause a terrible explosion (omitted pronoun it, it here represents the chain reaction)

There is many kinds of welding materials, we can classify them according to their characteristics.

There are many kinds of welding materials, we can classify them according to their characteristics.

This'll be particularly true since energy pinch would make it difficult to continue agriculture in the high-energy americ An fashion, it possible to combine few farmers with high yields.

This dilemma will be certain, as the lack of energy makes agriculture incapable of high energy consumption, and the cultivation of American farming, which is likely to yield high yields for a small number of farmers, continues. (Two pronoun it in the original text, all form object)

It was just growing dark, as she shut the garden gate.

When she closed the door, it was dark (it is non-personal pronoun)

Rather than refuse to help me, I would borrow money from my bank.

I would rather borrow money from the bank than help you (it is the formal subject, that is the antecedent)

B. Omit articles. For example: the volume of a gas increase more quickly than that of a liquid. Gas volume increases faster than liquid.

C. Omit the conjunctions: for example: When the pressure is low and the Boiling-point low. The pressure is low and the boiling point is low.

We know spring was coming, as we had seen a robin. When we see a bird, we know that spring is coming soon.

Henry had worked in the bank for years, and then he went to study in MIT. Henry worked in a bank for a few years and then went to MIT to study.

D. Omitted prepositions: Over the years, tools and technology themselves as a source of fundamental innovationhave largely been ignored B Y historian and philosopers of science.

Over the years, tools and technologies themselves have been a source of fundamental innovation, largely overlooked by scientists historians and historians of science.

Smoking is prohibited on public places. Smoking is not allowed in public places.

The supply oil can is shut off unexpectedly at any time, and in any case, the oil well would all run dry in thirty years or So at the present rate of use.

Oil supplies could be cut off anytime, anywhere, at the current rate of consumption, and all the wells would be depleted in just 30 years or so.

The distinction between light and pigment are important to color theory. Distinguishing between light and color is important for color theory.

E. Omitting a noun: for example: Perhaps you had overlooked the fact that your account for may purchases had not yet been settled.

You may have forgotten that the purchase price for May has not been settled (fact has led to a clause, and the word "fact" is not translated.) ）

F. Omit verb: For example: There is no doubt that we'll carry out the experiment successfully.

There is no doubt that we will be able to succeed in the experiment (there is not translated)

He behaved politely while answering the interviewer ' s questions.

He is very polite in answering the reporters ' questions.

4. Translation: Some grammatical components also need to be adjusted appropriately, so that Chinese translation is more fluent and more natural.

He acts as if he were a king. He behaves like a king. (the original predicate structure translated into Chinese into a noun phrase, the subject he acted as a attributive, the verb act became the subject.) ）

Rockets has found application for exploration of the universe

(Application is a noun in the original text and becomes a verb when translated into Chinese)

Television is different from radio in the IT sends and receives a picture. Television and radio are the difference between television transmission and reception of images (different in the original text is an adjective, translated into Chinese When it becomes a noun. ）

Actually, it is not, because it assumes that there is a agreed account of human right, which was something the world does Not has.

This is not the case because it is based on a common understanding of rights, which does not exist (adverbs are translated as nouns)

We are fully aware of the gravity of the situation.

We are fully aware of the seriousness of the situation (aware in the original text is an adjective, translated into Chinese into a verb)

The letter I was commonly used for current. Ann mother I usually denotes a current (for a preposition in the original text and a verb when translated into Chinese)

The computer is chiefly characterized by a accuracy and quick computation.

The main feature of the computer is its high accuracy and fast operation speed. (chiefly is an adverb in the original text and becomes an adjective when translated into Chinese.) ）

The modern world was experiencing rapid development of science and technology.

Nowadays, science and technology in the world are developing rapidly (the subject of technology and the subject of translation). ）

Arguing from the view humans is different from animals in every relevant respect, extremists of this kind think Animals lie outside the area of moral choice.

This kind of person holds the extreme view that the human and the animal are different in all related aspects, treats the animal not to consider the moral question (the adverbial translates into the object)

5. Sub-translation: The original text of an element from the structure of the original to separate, translated into a single structure, clauses or parallel clauses.

We tried in vain to persuade him to give up his wrong belief. We tried to persuade him to give up the wrong belief, but he didn't succeed.

It has been seen rightly stated the this situation are a threat to international security.

This situation is a threat to international security, which is entirely true. (The original text is too long, divided into two sentences)

Mr Bush has become without doubt one of the most authoritative men in this area.

There is no doubt that Mr Bush has become one of the most authoritative people in the field.

He Unnecessarity spent a lot of time introducing this book, which the students is familiar with.

It took him a long time to introduce the book, but it was not necessary, because the students were very familiar with it.

Other scientists of the brain, what is disease and physical damage can change personally and disort the mind, believe The brain to is nothing more than a fantastically complex computer.

In addition, some scientists note that disease and physical damage can change people's temperament and distort the mind. They think the human brain is just a magical and complicated computer (the original text is too long and divided into several sentences)

6. Co-translation: The different sentence elements are combined to make them conform to the Chinese expression method:

When that's happens, it's not a mistake:it was mankinds instinct for moral reasoning in action, an instinct that should be Encourage rather than laughed at.

This reaction is not wrong, it is human instinct to use moral reasoning in action, this instinct should be encouraged, not ridiculed. (When that's happens, it's not a mistake, combined into a simple Chinese sentence)

Science moves forward, they say, isn't so much through the insights of great men of genius as because of more ordinary thing s like improved techniques and tools.

They say that the development of science is not so much a result of the knowledge of genius that it is more common to improve technology and tools.

7. Counter-translation: a problem can sometimes be explained from different angles

Man is too clever to let themselves is cheated by fashion designers. Men are very smart, they are not going to be the fashion designers, (the positive sentences translated into negative sentences)

He showed unfeigned satisfaction at He Freind ' s success. He showed real satisfaction with his friend's success.

The conclusion we reached in Britain are the change simply can and sensibly be put off.

The British came to the conclusion that reform is the general trend (be put off is the passive voice, if translated into "can not reasonably be postponed", it seems awkward)

8. Sequential Adjustment method

He looked at the sea moodily. He looked at the sea in an unpleasant mood. (The position of English adverbial moodily is changed when translated into Chinese.) ）

Skills in English-Chinese translation