Solve Gentoo Problems

I have been playing Gentoo recently. I will introduce the following solutions to various problems:

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1. Normal users cannot su Root

$ Su rootpassword: # enter the correct password su: Permission denied

Gentoo requires the user in the wheel group to Su root. The solution is to edit/etc/group and add username to the wheel group:

Command: # usermod-a-g wheel Username

wheel::10:root,username

2. Software Installation failure due to Localization

Recommended/etc/locale. gen for Chinese users:

zh_CN.UTF-8 UTF-8

System-level Configuration:/etc/env. d/02 locale; user-level Configuration :~ /. Bashrc

export LANG="zh_CN.UTF-8"

Then run:

# locale-gen# env-update && source /etc/profile

However, there are some serious problems after localization during the installation process:

1. emerge Vim is not available. It will be stuck...

2. Running emerge gnome will show:

Fatal Python error: Py_Initialize: can't initialize sys standard streamsLookupError: unknown encoding: GB18030/bin/sh: line 1: 23213 Aborted                 LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/var/tmp/portage/dev-lang/python-3.1.4-r3/work/Python-3.1.4: CC='x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread' LDSHARED='x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread -shared' LDFLAGS='-Wl,-O1 -Wl,--as-needed -L.' CFLAGS=' -O2 -pipe -fwrapv -DNDEBUG  ' ./python -E ./setup.py buildmake: *** [sharedmods] Error 134emake failedERROR: dev-lang/python-3.1.4-r3 failed (compile phase):emake failed

My solution is not to worry about localization. Remove zh_cn content in/etc/locale. Gen and run:

# locale-gen# env-update && source /etc/profile

3. Access the LINUX partition of the current hard disk in ipvs (ext2, ext3 and ext4)

All I know now is ext2rje.

Iv. Resolution Problems

Configure VGA = *** in grub. conf ***:

title Gentoo Gnomeroot (hd0,0)kernel (hd0,0)/vmlinuz-3.0.6-gentoo vga=771 

The following information appears after startup:

Undefined video mode number:303mode:ResolutionType0 F0080x25VGA...5 F0680x34VGA6 F0780x60VGA

Obviously, this is the reason for the graphics card driver. solution:

Re-configure the kernel (make menuconfig)

Device Drivers ---> input device support ---> <*> event interface... device Drivers ---> graphics support ---> support for frame buffer devices --- >## disable all drivers, including VGA, Intel, NVIDIA, and ATI ## activate basic console support. KMS uses console display driver support ---> <*> framebuffer console support

Next, the intel graphics card should be configured as follows:

Device Drivers --->  Graphics support --->    /dev/agpgart (AGP Support) --->    <*>  Intel 440LX/BX/GX, I8xx and E7x05 chipset support    Direct Rendering Manager (XFree86 4.1.0 and higher DRI support) --->    <*>  Intel 830M, 845G, 852GM, 855GM, 865G (i915 driver)         i915 driver    [*]    Enable modesetting on intel by default

The following configurations are required for NVIDIA graphics cards:

(Activate DRM) device drivers ---> graphics support ---> <*> direct rendering manager ---> (Nouveau is currently in the staging drivers Section) device Drivers ---> staging drivers ---> [] exclude staging drivers from being built <*> nouveau (NVIDIA) cards

AMD/ATI graphics require emerge radeon-ucode or Linux-firmware and then configure the following:

(Set the kernel to use the radeon-ucode firmware) device Drivers ---> generic driver options ---> [*] include in-kernel firmware blobs in kernel binary external firmware blobs (radeon/r600_rlc.bin radeon/r700_rlc.bin) # radeonhd 2000,300 0, and 4000 Series selection: external firmware blobs (radeon/cedar_me.bin radeon/Alibaba radeon/cypress_me.bin radeon/Alibaba) # select External firmware blobs (radeon/palm_me.bin radeon/palm_pfp.bin radeon/sumo2_me.bin radeon/sumo2_pfp.bin radeon/sumo_me.bin radeon/sumo_pfp.bin radeon/ghost) for the radeonhd 5000 Series) # radeon HD 6000 series fusion APUs: external firmware blobs (radeon/Alibaba radeon/caicos_mc.bin radeon/caicos_me.bin radeon/Alibaba radeon/turks_me.bin radeon/turks_pfp.bin) # select firmware blobs root directory (/lib/firmware/) for the radeonhd 6400-6900 Series /) # emerge radeon-ucode installation directory # activate radeon kms to support device drivers ---> graphics support ---> <*> direct rendering manager ---> <*> ATI radeon [*] Enable modesetting on radeon by default

After completion, re-compile the kernel

5. Update the configuration file
After installing the software package, the following information may appear:

 * IMPORTANT: config file '/etc/pam.d/system-login' needs updating. * See the CONFIGURATION FILES section of the emerge * man page to learn how to update config files.

This is a protection mechanism of Gentoo, in order to prevent the new configuration file from overwriting the original configuration file.
The new configuration file will exist in the same directory as the old configuration file with. _ 00000000 _ *****. You can run: etc-update to solve this problem.

# Etc-updatescanning configuration files... the following is the list of files which need updating, eachconfiguration file is followed by a list of possible replacement files.1)/etc/PAM. d/system-login (1) Please select a file to edit by entering the corresponding number. (Don't use-3,-5,-7 or-9 If you're unsure what to do) (-1 to Exit) (-3 to auto merge all remaining files) # replace the old configuration file with the new configuration file ( -5 to auto-merge and not use 'mv-I ') # replace the old configuration file with the new configuration file without prompting (-7 to discard all updates) (-9 to discard all updates and not use 'rm-I '):-3 #-3 overwrites the old file replacing/etc/PAM with the new configuration file. d/system-login with/etc/PAM. d /. _ cfg0000_system-loginmv: overwrite '/etc/PAM. d/system-login '? Yexiting: Nothing left to do; exiting.

6. Music playerDecibel

There should be a lot of Linux music players. I chose decibel. The following is my installation method:

1. edit/etc/make. conf and add the use variable.

# Remember to append it. Use = "gnome-keyring ffmpeg flac MP3"

2. Installation

# emerge decible

VII. Localization

Localization fails during installation.

1. edit/etc/loclale. GEN with the following content:

en_US ISO-8859-1en_US.UTF-8 UTF-8zh_CN GB18030zh_CN.GBK GBKzh_CN.GB2312 GB2312zh_CN.UTF-8 UTF-8

2. edit/etc/env. d/02 locale with the following content:

export LANG="en_US"export LC_CTYPE="zh_CN"

3. Activate configuration 1 and 2:

# locale-gen# env-update# source /etc/profile

4. Install the Chinese font:

# emerge wqy-bitmapfont

5. Activate the font (run eselect fontconfig list to view available fonts)

eselect fontconfig enable 85-wqy-bitmapsong.conf

6. Install the Chinese Input Method ibus

# emerge app-i18n/ibus# emerge app-i18n/ibus-pinyin

After the installation is complete, the following prompt appears:

 * To use ibus, you should: * 1. Get input engines from sunrise overlay. *    Run "emerge -s ibus-" in your favorite terminal *    for a list of packages we already have. *  * 2. Setup ibus: *  *    $ ibus-setup *  * 3. Set the following in your user startup scripts *    such as .xinitrc, .xsession or .xprofile: *  *    export XMODIFIERS="@im=ibus" *    export GTK_IM_MODULE="ibus" *    export QT_IM_MODULE="xim" *    ibus-daemon -d -x

After I run ibus-setup, the following error occurs. At that time, ibus was unavailable, but I did not pay attention to it. After I restarted it, I was able to use it.

(ibus-daemon:12132): IBUS-CRITICAL **: 07:58:53.508740: ibus_write_address: assertion `pf != NULL' failed

8. Install the browser: Firefox

1. Check what can be installed.

~ # Emerge-s firefoxsearching... [Results for search key: Firefox] [applications found: 2] * www-Client/Firefox latest version available: 8.0 latest version installed: 8.0 size of files: 88,446 kb # size so large homepage: http://www.mozilla.com/firefox Description: Firefox Web browser license: | (MPL-1.1 GPL-2 LGPL-2.1) * www-Client/Firefox-bin latest version available: 8.0 latest version installed : [Not installed] size of Files: 53,052 kb # This is not small, and where is the fire-bin holy? Homepage: http://www.mozilla.com/firefox Description: Firefox Web browser license: | (MPL-1.1 GPL-2 LGPL-2.1)

2. Install Firefox (I have compiled it for about an hour)

www-client/firefox

3. install Adobe Flash Player,
Reference Method

~ # Emerge-s Adobe-flash # first check searching... [Results for search key: Adobe-flash] [applications found: 1] * www-plugins/Adobe-flash latest version available: 11.1.102.55 latest version installed: 11.1.102.55 size of files: 13,468 kb homepage: http://www.adobe.com/products/flashplayer.html Description: Adobe Flash Player license: AdobeFlash-10.3 ~ # Emerge www-plugins/Adobe-flash # reinstall

9. Waiting ......