[QQ] 53663872 [/QQ]
First. Online User management commands
Users# Who # Startx --: 1 enable a graphical interface # W # Last Record logon success Information # Lastb record logon Failure Information # Lastlog records the last logon information of each account # Wall is used to broadcast messages
# Wall "" Hello everyone" # Mesg displays whether the current message is accepted # Mesg n sets the current accepted message status to unacceptable, except for messages sent by administrators # Write unicast
# Write Username Second. Disk Management
# DF-H display File System # Fdisk-l view disk partitions : Fdisk/dev/SDA partition/SDA
A toggle a bootable flag <--- identify a partition as bootable
B edit BSD disklabel <--- edit a partition label
C toggle the DOS compatibility flag
D delete a partition <---- delete a partition
L List known partition types <----- List partition types
M print this menu <------- help
N Add a new partition <------ create a partition
O create a new empty DOS partition table
P print the Partition Table <------ print the Partition Table
Q quit without saving changes <------ do not save and quit
S create a new empty sun disklabel
T change a partition's System ID <----- change the system ID of a partition
U change display/entry units
V verify the Partition Table
W write table to disk and exit <----- Save the Partition Table
X extra functionality (experts only)
# Partprobe (generating device files) # Mkfs. ext3/dev/sda10 (format the file type of the device file)
# Mkfs-T vfat/dev/sda11 (both FAT32 and fat16 are classified as vfat) Partition steps:
1. fdisk/dev/SDA
2. Generate a device file
Partprobe
3. format the new partition.
# Mkfs. ext3/dev/sda10
# Mkfs-T vfat/dev/sda11
4. Mount the formatted partition for temporary mounting: # Mount-T ext3/dev/sda10/mnt/sda10
# Mount-T vfat/dev/sda11/mnt/sda11
Supplement:
Mount-o loop, RO/share/rhel-5.3.iso/mnt
Mount-O ro-T iso9660/dev/CDROM/mnt
Mount -- bind/etc // tmp/test Permanent mount:
# Vim/etc/fstab Label = // ext3 defaults 1 1
Label =/DF ext3 defaults 1 2
Label =/home ext3 defaults 1 2
Label =/usr ext3 defaults 1 2
Label =/boot ext3 defaults 1 2
Tmpfs/dev/SHM tmpfs defaults 0 0
Devpts/dev/PTS devpts gid = 5, mode = 620 0 0
Sysfs/sys sysfs defaults 0 0
Proc/proc defaults 0 0
Label = SWAP-sda3 swap defaults 0 0 Whether dump backup is supported or not /Dev/sda10/mnt/sda10 ext3 defaults 0 0
/Dev/sda11/mnt/sda11 vfat ults, RO 0 0
/Dev/sda12 swap defaults 0 0
Or the volume form
Label =/Hello/mnt/sda10 ext3 defaults 0 0 Change the volume label (ext2 and ext3 file systems are supported)
# E2label/dev/sda2
View the sda2 volume label of the partition
# E2label/dev/sda5/Vmware
Change sda5 volume label name Create swap Partition Mkswap/dev/sda12 (mkswap-l SWAP-sda12/dev/sda12)
Swapon/dev/sda12
Swapoff/dev/sda3 ========================================================== ================================================== Software Package install
Classification of software packages:
Rpm <---- Red Hat package management
Rpm source package
C language source code package <--- unrelated to the platform
Binary Package <--- directly run the package to install
RPM package
CD or network
Http://www.rpmfind.net/
Http://www.pbone.net/ Naming Conventions:
Acl-2.2.47-4.fc11.i586.rpm
Acl-2.2.23-5.3.el4.src.rpm
Acl-2.2.49-4.fc13.src.rpm
Acl-2.2.49-2.fc12.ppc.rpm RPM package installation
Example 1: Virtual Machine Installation
Rpm-IVH VMware-workstation-6.0.2-59824.i386.rpm
I Installation
V shows the installation progress
H verification package Example 2:
Rpm-IVH heartbeat-2.1.3-3.el5.centos.i386.rpm Warning: heartbeat-2.1.3-3.el5.centos.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA Signature: nokey, key ID e8562897
Error: Failed dependencies:
Heartbeat-PILS = 2.1.3-3. el5.centos is needed by heartbeat-2.1.3-3.el5.centos.i386
Heartbeat-stonith = 2.1.3-3. el5.centos is needed by heartbeat-2.1.3-3.el5.centos.i386
Libpils. so.1 is needed by heartbeat-2.1.3-3.el5.centos.i386
Libstonith. so.1 is needed by heartbeat-2.1.3-3.el5.centos.i386
Solution:
1. Download these packages from the Internet. If you are prompted that a file is missing, you can find them through the dedicated RPM package website.
2. Go to the CD directory and find the software package.
3. If a file is missing, you can query the RPM package on a computer that has installed the software package.
[Root @ DNS server] # updatedb
[Root @ DNS server] # locate libpils. so.1
/Usr/lib/libpils. so.1
/Usr/lib/libpils. so.1.0.0
[Root @ DNS server] # rpm-qf/usr/lib/libpils. so.1
Heartbeat-pils-2.1.3-3.el5.centos # Rpm-IVH heartbeat-pils-2.1.3-3.el5.centos.i386.rpm
# Rpm-IVH heartbeat-stonith-2.1.3-3.el5.centos.i386.rpm
Then install:
# Rpm-IVH heartbeat-2.1.3-3.el5.centos.i386.rpm Example 3: [Root @ bogon soft] # rpm-IVH xlockmore-5.18-2.2.el5.rf.i386.rpm
Warning: xlockmore-5.18-2.2.el5.rf.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA Signature: nokey, key ID 6b8d79e6
Error: Failed dependencies:
Libxm. so.4 is needed by xlockmore-5.18-2.2.el5.rf.i386
Solution:
[Root @ DNS server] # ls | grep-I libxm
[Root @ DNS server] # rpm-qlp libXmu-1.0.2-5.i386.rpm | grep-I libxm. so.4 [Root @ DNS server] # ls | grep-I openmotif
Openmotif22-2.2.3-18.i386.rpm
Openmotif-2.3.1-2.el5.i386.rpm
Openmotif-devel-2.3.1-2.el5.i386.rpm
[Root @ DNS server] # rpm-qlp openmotif22-2.2.3-18.i386.rpm | grep-I libxm. so.4
Grep: libxm. so.4: No file or directory
[Root @ DNS server] # rpm-qlp openmotif22-2.2.3-18.i386.rpm | grep-I libxm. so.4
[Root @ DNS server] # rpm-qlp openmotif-2.3.1-2.el5.i386.rpm | grep-I libxm. so.4
/Usr/lib/libxm. so.4
/Usr/lib/libxm. so.4.0.1
[Root @ bogon server] # rpm-IVH openmotif-2.3.1-2.el5.i386.rpm
Warning: ../openmotif-2.3.1-2.el5.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA Signature: nokey, key ID 37017186
Error: Failed dependencies:
Libxp. so.6 is needed by openmotif-2.3.1-2.el5.i386 [Root @ DNS server] # ls | grep-I libxp
LibXp-1.0.0-8.1.el5.i386.rpm
LibXp-devel-1.0.0-8.1.el5.i386.rpm
LibXpm-3.5.5-3.i386.rpm
LibXpm-devel-3.5.5-3.i386.rpm
[Root @ DNS server] # rpm-qlp libXp-1.0.0-8.1.el5.i386.rpm | grep-I libxp. so.6
/Usr/lib/libxp. so.6
/Usr/lib/libxp. so.6.2.0 Common RMP commands:
Scenario 1: Which package does the file come from?
Rpm-qf/file path Scenario 2: check which files will be released to the directory of the software package I want to install?
Rpm-qlp XXX. rpm Scenario 3: Check whether a software package is installed.
Rpm-Qa | grep-I xxx_keyword
Or
Rpm-Q package_fullname Scenario 4: view the files released by the installed software package
Rpm-QL soft_name
Uninstall Software Package
Delete rpm-e Other RPM commands:
-I. Install a software package that has not been installed, whether it is an earlier version or a new version.
-U to install a software package, but the system must have installed a version earlier than this software package. if the version is not too low, install the new version directly.
-F force install the installation package regardless of the version of the original software package. If similar software has not been installed, it cannot be installed. Special parameters:
-- Nopre does not execute the script before installation
-- Nopost does not execute the script after installation
-- Force installation. Generally, file conflicts are solved.
-- Nodeps ignores the dependency. Generally, do not use Rpm source code package Compilation: # Rpmbuild -- rebuild acl-2.2.47-2.fc9.src.rpm
Wrote:/usr/src/RedHat/RPMS/i386/acl-2.2.47-2.i386.rpm
Wrote:/usr/src/RedHat/RPMS/i386/libacl-2.2.47-2.i386.rpm
Wrote:/usr/src/RedHat/RPMS/i386/libacl-devel-2.2.47-2.i386.rpm
Wrote:/usr/src/RedHat/RPMS/i386/acl-debuginfo-2.2.47-2.i386.rpm Install the compiled software package:
[Root @ bogon soft] # rpm-IVH/usr/src/RedHat/RPMS/i386/acl-2.2.47-2.i386.rpm
Automatically resolves RPM package Dependencies
Yum
1. Build a yum source (software warehouse: divided into local and Network)
File: // MNT/Server local resource
FTP: // 10.1.1.20/server or FTP: // 10.1.1.1/Server
Http: // 10.1.1.20/server <--- the server does not provide this protocol.
2. Compile the configuration file of the yum client.
[Server]
Name = Server
Baseurl = file: // MNT/server <--- recommended permanent path for everyone
Enabled = 1
Gpgcheck = 0 [Cluster]
Name = Cluster
Baseurl = file: // MNT/Cluster
Enabled = 1
Gpgcheck = 0 [Clusterstorage]
Name = clusterstorage
Baseurl = file: // MNT/clusterstorage
Enabled = 1
Gpgcheck = 0 [Vt]
Name = vt
Baseurl = file: // MNT/vt
Enabled = 1
Gpgcheck = 0 Yum clean all 3. Refresh
Yum list 4. Use Yum install softname Yum install softname-y Update Software List
Yum clean all
Yum list
Yum grouplist Search software
Yum list | grep-I keyword Security Group software group:
# Yum groupinstall "development tools"-y Uninstall
Yum erase softname
Yum groupremove groupname Steps for installing the source code package: Example 1: Install NTFS 1. decompress the package to the regular path.
2. Configuration
./Configure <-- generate makefile Common compilation Parameters
-- Prefix specifies the software installation path 3. Compile
Make <--- compile the source code package according to the previous configuration.
4. Installation
Make install Usage:
Mount-T ntfs-3g/dev/sda1/mnt/Windows
Or
Ntfs-3g/dev/sda1/mnt/Windows
Install Fuse
CD/usr/src/fuse-xxxx
./Configure
Make
Make install
Modprobe Fuse
Example 2:
Tar-xvf xlockmore-5.29.1.tar.bz2-C/usr/src
./Configure -- enable-allow-root -- without-gtk2 -- without-GTK
Make
Make install [Root @ bogon ~] # Which xlock
/Usr/local/bin/xlock |
