Summary of Application Experience of Optical Fiber Access Network

The optical fiber access network is worth learning a lot. Here we mainly introduce the position of optical fiber cabling in the optical fiber access network, including the latest development of the optical fiber cabling system and the progress of the optical fiber connection technology, I hope you will have a better understanding of the optical fiber access network technology. Since it has only been widely used in China in recent years, telecom operators generally feel that they lack experience in building optical fiber access networks. The gradual implementation of all-optical fiber access networks has become the consensus of various operators. Planning the construction of optical cables on the distribution layer is related to the network construction and operation costs and future benefits of the optical fiber access network, the construction problem that must be paid attention to is how to effectively deploy optical fiber cables.

Position of optical fiber cables in optical fiber access networks

The optical fiber cabling mainly completes the connection between the optical fiber after the optical fiber entry and the optical fiber connection and distribution from the single-core optical fiber to various optical fiber devices after the final connection, as well as the optical fiber distribution (line scheduling ). The optical fiber distribution product can be used to fix, split-fiber buffering, surround reservation, clamping and positioning, grounding protection, fixed joint protection, and distribution, combination, and scheduling of optical fiber cables. At present, the optical fiber access network transmission system basically does not directly provide a large number of 100MEthernet interfaces. Therefore, the optical fiber direct connection mode of the optical fiber splitting is actually used to achieve 100 Mb/s transmission; this transmission method is widely used, which puts forward high requirements on the wiring system.

Common wiring products include: Optical Fiber Distribution Frame, optical fiber transfer box, and optical fiber distribution box. The optical fiber distribution frame is used for connecting External Optical fiber cables to optical communication devices, it also provides modern communication equipment for fixing, binning, splicing, grounding protection, and fiber distribution, combination, and scheduling of external optical cables. The optical fiber junction box is an interface device used for connecting the trunk optical fiber cables to the nodes of the distribution optical fiber cables in the optical fiber access network. It can achieve Optical Fiber fusion, distribution, scheduling, and other functions. It can be implemented or installed over the air. The optical cable splitter is a cabling and cabling device used for Optical Fiber Loop terminals. It can provide Optical Fiber fusion, terminal, wiring and cabling functions.

Currently, there is a kind of optical fiber-level cross-connection (FXC). It can be understood as an Optical Distribution Frame (ODF) with cross capabilities, or an Intelligent Optical distribution frame, which is the initial stage of OXC, there is a certain market demand, but the disadvantage is that the device's independent Networking capability is poor.

Latest Developments in Optical Cable Distribution Systems

Optical fiber digital distribution frame
Fiber optic is a gradual process. The ratio of cable wiring and fiber optic wiring is constantly changing, and fiber optic wiring gradually replaces the cable wiring. The optical fiber digital distribution frame integrates the digital distribution frame and the optical fiber distribution frame. It has the optical fiber distribution and digital distribution functions, and their respective capacities can be determined by users. Therefore, it is very suitable for the flexibility requirements of the optical fiber process.

Intelligent Optical Fiber Distribution Frame (IODF)
The smart optical fiber distribution frame is a high-tech system that integrates computer communication, automatic control, optical transmission and testing technologies, and perfectly integrates with the traditional ODF frame. Various intelligent modules are used to collect the optical power changes of the monitored optical fiber in real time and report the changes to all levels of network management centers. When an alarm is detected, the system quickly sends an alarm to eliminate optical cable line faults in a timely and accurate manner, which effectively compresses the obstacle duration. At the same time, it can also predict the hidden troubles of the transmission system's physical line faults, the performance of optical cables is analyzed statistically to provide decision-making basis for management personnel. The details are as follows:

1. It has the function of optical power meter, which can monitor the received optical power value of the transmission system, reflect the change of optical power, and locate the faulty optical cable segment.
2. The optical power status of the transmission system is intuitively reflected, and sound and light alarms are issued in a timely manner to detect potential faults of the optical fiber physical line as early as possible. The Passive maintenance becomes active maintenance.
3. provides the management function of transmission resources, and provides comprehensive management of equipment in the IDC room, including terminals on the IODF rack and corresponding routes.

In addition to all functions of conventional optical distribution frames, the optical distribution frames developed and manufactured by the Wuhan Institute of posts and communications technology are capable of monitoring and displaying the power of optical contacts, this new type of ODF also provides a standard interface with the local optical communication equipment network management system, you can set the optical routing address table on the network management system. The centralized monitoring system and power frequency current monitoring system developed by Nanjing Putian enables the distribution frame to monitor any faults and even call the bpserver when a fault occurs.

In order to manage the distribution frame more intelligently and cooperate with the application of the intelligent distribution frame, some manufacturers have also developed more system management software, allowing users to set each link, determine whether an SNMP alarm or call is triggered when the link changes, and ensure that critical link alarms are received. These System Management Software even provides the overall functions of recording assembly points, managing distribution frames to distribution frames, optical fiber distribution frames and optical fiber cables, and network switching equipment.

Advances in Optical Fiber Connection Technology
The development of optical fiber connection technology (such as splicing technology to replace the crimping technology) makes the application of optical fiber more and more common in cabling, so the use of optical fiber distribution equipment is more and more extensive. For example, the on-site fusion-free technology can make the average fiber end connection per core less than 1 minute, and the use of a line-free express distribution frame can reduce tool costs and maintenance costs. Using these new technologies, wiring boards, equipment racks, and jump boxes can all be designed to allow improvement and least crossover of inherent lines, and each independent component is easy to use, suitable for testing and facilitating device movement, increase, and change.

PCB-based wiring technology
With the development of optical interface technology, the industry has gradually established in the electrical PCB (Printed Circuit Board) the current Optical Distribution Technology, optical printed circuit board technology, optical surface installation technology, and the modular design and installation technology of the same optical, optical, and electrical devices improve the automation of the wiring process, this avoids the high technical requirements of manual wiring and easily reduces the quality of the line.

Use of Band Optical Cable
The core of the trunk cable can be easily and flexibly networked as long as it is connected to various optical junction boxes and wired. However, excessive fiber Jumpers may cause deterioration of line indicators and increase investment. In order to ensure flexible scheduling and Protection Investment of the core, three types of Core Cables can be planned: shared core, exclusive core, and direct core, this makes wiring very convenient and easy to maintain.

OADM and OXC
Currently, most fiber-optic access networks are connected to man through fiber distribution frames. This manual configuration method is available in large-scale optical transmission networks, it seriously affects the service allocation time, the response time to network business models and faults, and increases the operation overhead, however, it does not take full advantage of the optical multiplexing technology. Automatically reconfigure the optical network, automatically establish optical connection, shorten the specified service time, speed up the fault response time, establish level services, and develop new value-added services on this basis, it is the development goal of the access optical network. As DWDM gradually advances to the edge of the network, one day, the access network will gradually adopt optical plug-and-play multiplexing devices (OADM) that use both upstream and downstream connections and cross connections in units of wavelength) the optical fiber cross-connection device (OXC) implements optical switching and optical routing. The functions of the optical fiber distribution device will be integrated into OADM and OXC and eventually replaced.

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