Terminology for font design

• Word stem (STEM)
  The main stroke of a letter, usually the stroke of a straight line part.
  ?
• Word Bowl (bowl)
  Curve strokes.
  ?
• Word Bosom (counter)
  The letter contains the internal space, whether closed or not.
  ?
• Very thin line (hairline)
  ?
• Liner (serif)
  The part of a stroke with a claw-shaped or straight-shaped end.
  1. Bracket-Type Liner (bracket serif): A liner with a softening curve.
  2. Fine-grained liner (hairline serif): lined with fine strokes.
  3. Coarse liner (Slab serif): Square heavy-line liner.
     ?
• Flower Pen (swash)
  A specially stretched stroke of the letter pen or the last pen, with a decorative curved section.
  The annotations in the following one by one explanations.
  ?
• Baseline (Baseline)
  The imaginary line on the bottom of the capital letter h or lowercase n. The bottom of the letters O, V, W, etc. will be slightly more than the baseline, in order to be visually flat with the baseline.
• Uppercase high (cap height)
  The height of a straight-line uppercase letter, such as H or E, from the baseline to the top of the letter. The top snaplines, such as H or E, are called uppercase lines (cap line).
  Similarly, the top of the letters O, a will be more than the uppercase line.
• X-character height (x-height)
  To address the height of a lowercase letter, use an X that has no upper and lower extension to represent the lowercase letter, and its height is named High x.
• Promotion (Ascender)
  Small letters H, D, F and so on from the X-word high upward extension of the part, called the ascending part, its height is called the rise of high .
  In most Roman traditional, the ascending line is higher than the capital line.
• Descending part (Descender)
  The lower-case letter extends downward from the baseline.
• Full Angle (EM)
  When the use of the font size (up and down spacing) is 12 points, 1em is the side length of 12 points of the square, the type of the age called "full-width."
• Word spacing (letter spacing, inter-character spacing)
  It is divided into font designer's word spacing adjustment and font user's word spacing adjustment.
  1. Font Designer
     Each letter must be left and right in part to avoid the letter being tightly connected. From the edge of the letter to the white space of the sub-box, called side bearing (side empty). The purpose of adjusting the edges is to make sure that the letters are easy to read, whether they are adjacent to any letters or symbols, and this job is called spacing (kerning).
     ?
  2. Font Consumer
     Adjust the spacing of letters after the words are lined up with fonts.
• Kerning (kerning)
  A narrowing of the spacing for two specific letters, or a relaxed adjustment of the two-word spacing that almost overlaps together, is called kerning.
  The amount of adjustment varies according to the design of the alphabet, and it is a pair of pairs.
  ?
• Terms for letter roughness (weight)
  
  1. Fine Body (Light)
     Prepared for the title. More fine thin, Ultra light and so on.
  2. Regular body or Roman body (Regular, Roman)
     Standard roughness as a benchmark for long article typesetting.
  3. Medium Body (Medium)
  4. Boldface (bold)
     Thicker than it is extra bold, Heavy, black and so on.
• Changes in the width of the word
  
  1. Narrow Body (condensed)
     
  2. Wide body or flat body (Extended, Expanded)

Reference

Latin font

Terminology for font design