The Battle of General is split: Li Ling

The war between the Han Dynasty and hunnu was the first time that the Han Dynasty fought with the power of the whole nation. There were countless heroes in the war, the Han nationality has a unified national concept. (apart from the formation of languages and texts, the key is to have a glorious history of confrontation with foreign enemies.) It is precisely the victory of the National Games war, that makes the Han Dynasty famous as the world and the first power in the east, it can be said that the war laid the foundation for China's national operation for more than two thousand years.

First, let's look at our opponent Huns. Both historical records and Chinese books refer to Huns, and the young people of their ancestor xiazhous are also. I think it is also possible that, after all, the nations in ancient times are complicated, we can see Huns in the Warring States period. At that time, it was irrelevant to our writing. We were not archaeological. We didn't want to care about the Huns before, what we know is that, under the wise rule of an overhead, Dong Hu, Xi Xun Yue, Nan he lou fan, Aries Henan Wang, and bei suyun, qu shot and Ding zero (please pay attention to this nation. They were a vague role in the Age of China, just as stubborn as they were in the age of China) yukun, Yukun, and all ethnic groups, and took the chaos of the Central Plains of the late Qin dynasty to regain the loop, and then quickly annihilate the first army of the Han Gaozu (the Huns lost the best chance, however, it is hard to say whether Huns will swallow the central plains in the south, but the central plains will be chaotic ). At this time, the Huns were not hit by Li Mu and mengmin and ran around. (The war at the end of the Qin Dynasty really hurt the Central Plains .) Now Huns are already the first powerful powers in the East. From a region perspective, we can imagine that Huns are located in most of Asia, Mongolia, and Xinjiang (the Western Region at that time ), all under his control, as for the troops and the tens of thousands of control-strings, we were treated as 3 million troops of the armored division (I think the 0.3 million cavalry of Huns is more powerful than the 3 million cavalry of the armored division) right. However, although Huns were the first powerful power at that time, they also had great defects. Huns set up a country with powerful cavalry, but such a grassland tribe based on military looting could be used for a moment, however, if the economic base is too thin, they cannot survive. This is a common problem for almost all nomadic peoples. Once the Central Plains cut off trade with them, they will have to rely on looting to survive, this will inevitably lead to a counterattack from the Central Plains.

After Bai dengzhiwei, the relationship between the Han Dynasty and hunu is maintained by the Pro. This relationship is extremely unfavorable for the Han Dynasty, although it has not yet reached its position as a country, however, it is certain that the Huns are in a weak position, and the Huns are not taking the case seriously. If they want to rob them, they will not be mistaken. In fact, the hearts of the Huns who died in the Han Dynasty have never died, as for the Han Dynasty, it was not an idiot. I thought it would be okay to send a few girls. Beiji still sent heavy troops for Defense (for example, we will talk about Li Guang soon), and wenjing had been accumulating strength to fight back, there are also more than 30 horse farms in the northern part of the West, and the cavalry has been being trained. The counterattack against Huns is just waiting for a person to come out and scream. This person is Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty.

Later Generations of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty were arrogant about him. Many people thought that he was a poor man, but I think this was not the fault of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty. It was not his whim to fight against Huns, at that time, the Northern Xinjiang suffered a great deal from Huns, and the whole country was unable to lift their heads in front of Huns. However, there was no major fault in the border after the Huns reached a stable frontier, laying the psychological foundation for the formation of the Han nationality can be said that its achievements are not under the Qin Shihuang (to be honest, we often say that the key point is to take military achievements, whether it is Kaiyuan or Kang Qian, military power is still very important) even if the decision is made, it is also cautious. The initial position is also consistent with that of Huns and PAROS, and the old people read the old man for years and use the troops to fight against their own sins. Compared with the three troops sent by Emperor Sui, much better. However, he did not hesitate to undermine relations between the two countries for Da Wanma. Two soldiers (although tianchao's prestige in the western region) were a waste, and his personal luxury was not great. This was indeed his great weakness.

To get back to justice, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty wants to use troops with hunnu, but most ministers believe that the time has not come and oppose the war. (although there are still the Lord and the Lord, once the war is started, it is also a bloody battle for the primary and the moderate of the Han Dynasty, this is a simple political difference, and the people who later killed their domestic ministers for the sake of sum are actually in the sky and in the ground .) However, the failure of the first operation caused another dispute between the two countries. (It would be a pity that ma is in service. If details are given, 100,000 troops, horses, and Huns of Huns will be annihilated. For example, Li Mu will get twice the result with half the effort .) In short, the Sino-Hungarian war initiated by Emperor Wu of the Han dynasty began.

The war between China and Hungary has to say that the Li family and the Li family are "three generations". This is really a sad family. Let's talk about Li Guang and his self-reporting from the Army (there were not many volunteers in ancient times, especially the small soldiers, and the sinners fought a lot. Li Guang is doing his best to help the military. He said from the historical records that he "attacked Hu from the army with good deeds and shot with good deeds, kill the first batch of "a bit trapped and pass the fierce beast" outsiders commented on his "Li Guangcai Qi, the world is unparalleled" to the hunnu army to calm themselves, kill his will, but the whole army retired, it is a legend after being destroyed. Others also spoke highly of him, and Huns were afraid of him. Emperor Han Wendi also said, "Sorry, son will never meet! For example, when the Emperor is an emperor, all the way around him !" Who knows how Li guang's life is sad? When I was young, I kept my guard and didn't have the opportunity to do anything. When I got to the old Chinese Emperor Wu and hunnu, I went to war. In the first four-way attack, he met the hunnu main force, and the whole army was destroyed. He escaped from the army, suffered a crime, and paid for his sins. (In the Han Dynasty, the penalty was severe, and the system won't be banned from jail, but there were few talented people. It was also the generation of Qin and Han Dynasties, where many of the heroes came out and were killed and killed.) then they were used again and served as generals, lang zhongling fought four thousand million pairs of Huns in youbei Ping, and Li Guang and his son Li dared to defeat the enemy. After the aid army was released, Li Guangyi suffered heavy casualties and was not rewarded. After that, I attacked again with Wei Qing. Wei Qing was blamed for the loss of his path and committed suicide with indignation.

Li Guang's life is indeed a legend, and his talents are recognized by the world, but he is not doing well. In particular, he is excited that his younger brother Li CAI is not as good as him, Feng Hou, and Bai Xiangxiang, li Gan, his son, is also banned, but he has been repeatedly involved with Ban HOU (in the future, he will blame him for killing and downgrading. In the future, if anyone has a chance to go to the battlefield, it would be good to kill the downgrading, bai Qi, Xiang Yu, and Li Guang .)

 

Leaders suspect that the aid army is ineffective, and the army goes deep, and there is no war horse. All of this has cast an unknown shadow on this expedition.

According to the plan, the five thousand infantry he led by Liling moved forward from JUYAN to the north. Thirty days later, arrived in the east pianshan camp, along the way to see the mountains and rivers of the situation to draw a military map, sent cavalry Chen bule first to Changan play. Liu che summoned Chen to announce the marching situation in his briefing, indicating that Li Ling could be effectively killed by soldiers. Liu Chui was pleased to have appointed Chen peile as the Court Guard officer (Lang ).

However, at this time, the frontline situation suddenly changed. The Huns alone owned 30 thousand troops and surrounded Li lingtuan. Li Ling was not in a panic in the face of the encirclement of advantageous enemy forces. He assembled the troops between the two mountains and formed a vehicle array with grain trucks. The surrounding area was provided for defense, and the self-precision was matched by the array outside the vehicle array. The front row soldiers hold the shield and the back row ambush the archer. Command: "Get in and quit ." The hunnu Corps saw a small number of Chinese troops and rushed over. The front row of soldiers fought with melee and then returned to the trench. When the Huns pursued, the back army suddenly went all the arrows, Huns fell to the ground, the wounded and wounded wolf nationality, and the troops were also on the mountain. At the end of the Liling army, thousands of people were killed.

As a result, Yu was shocked and immediately joined the East and West ministries for reinforcements. A total of more than 80 thousand people were involved in the attack. Li Ling had to fight and retreat to the south. However, the lack of tactics and poor mobility makes this effort bitter. His infantry was brave and brave, and he could not get rid of the pursuit of cavalry. Every step forward, the soldiers had to fight with blood. However, the Huns cavalry opened their wings and soon put the Li Ling corps in the middle.

After such a difficult battle, the troops suffered heavy losses. Li Ling ordered: "If a soldier is injured more than three times, he can take a bus. The driver is injured for more than two times. ." Even so, he still led the broken Division to conduct another counterattack, killing more than three thousand Huns, and successfully broke through. Then it changes to the southeast, along the old road to longcheng, and then on the four or five days, it reaches a swamp with lush grass. The Huns Corps set fires along the wind, but Li Ling First sets fires on a path to continue south. At this time, the Huns arrived in the hill area and looked down on Nanshan alone. The prince was attacked by cavalry. Li lingjun retreated into the forest, fought hard battles in the forest, and killed thousands of Huns. Li Ling is far away looking at the command on the hill, ordered to use a "crossbows" shot, arrows like rain, just rush to the mountains to escape.

He was shocked by the fact that he could never think of his own powerful cavalry. He suffered many days of hard work and suffered heavy casualties. He could not take a small Chinese army as a teacher. And doubts: When this force was launched, it was still a bit of a mess, full of fighting spirit. Is there no way to prepare for it? He suspected that this was the trap of the Han Dynasty, with the illusion of an army in depth, to lure Huns south to chase close to the side, into the Chinese army ambush circle. He even wanted to give up the hard bone that he could not swallow. However, his subordinates opposed the situation and shouted, "if you still cannot afford to take the Chinese army out of your home drive alone and lead tens of thousands of troops in your home drive, how can you determine your country in the future, how can we make the Han dynasty not despise Huns? In the Valley Woods, we can neither win, nor enter the ground for the first 40 or 50 miles. If we can no longer win, the team is not late ."

At this time, the situation of Li lingjun became more and more sinister. The Huns relied on the absolute strength of their troops and repeatedly impacted. However, after paying the price of more than two thousand million casualties, the Huns are almost desperate: to annihilate these thousands of Chinese troops, they have been killed and wounded by more than, while the Chinese environment is close at hand, are you sure you are standing on the Chinese side?

However, at this moment, the Army leaders of Li Ling dared to drop the Huns of Li Ling because they were insulted by the school leaders. They threw out the dilemma and drive Li Ling out: "Li Ling has no support, and there is no ambush in front of him, the arrow is exhausted. Only the guard of General Li and the school Lieutenant Cheng An Hou Han yannian (also the son of the men, the father Han QIQIU beat Nan Yue to death, the Emperor Wu Feng ziyannian Hou, with the school ing Li) the team is armed with about eight hundred people each, serving as a pioneer. They use the yellow flag and white flag respectively. If they use the elite cavalry for concentrated shooting, they can be broken ." Just as excited, he jumped up from the horse and ordered his men to continue the attack.

The Huns regiment was determined to capture the enemy and shouted at the attack: "Li Ling, Han yannian, please surrender now !" The army crossed the Liling corps and intercepted the counterattack. Liling is trapped in the valley. The hunnu corps is surrounded by the top of the mountain. Li lingjun broke through, and then advanced south, will go to the Han Shan, and be surrounded by Huns. Li Ling beat the wounded army, one day, the launch of 0.5 million arrows, the arrow finally used up. Then, heavy vehicles were abandoned. At this time, the soldiers had three thousand people left, and the knife and gun had been folded, so they cut down the axle as a weapon, and the civilian staff took a pen knife with a lettering, and all went back to the narrow valley. While the Huns corps's encirclement is getting smaller and smaller, just as the strong troops cover the grain mouth, rolling down the boulder from the mountains to shake the world. Soldiers suffer from death and death, and cannot fight again.

At dusk, Li Ling changed his plain clothes and went out of the camp alone. He told the left and right sides not to follow suit. At this point, he only wanted to take personal risks, and he was lucky enough to hijack the ticket. However, after observing the situation, Li Ling turned back and sighed: "We have failed and died here ." He sighed, "Heaven! Heaven! Then we will be given dozens of arrows to break through. Today, we have no weapons or arrows. When the enemy of tianming launches an attack, we will only be bound. It is better to disband and escape from each other. I hope that someone will be out of danger, return to the Chinese environment, and report to the Emperor ." Order to cut down all the banners and bury valuable jewels in the ground. Each soldier carries two liters of food and an ice (used for drinking water). Mutual Agreement will be made to cover the fault first, the comrade-in-arms who waited.

In the evening, Li lingshou beat the war drum. The war drum is broken and cannot be voiced. Liling and Han yannian mounted the horse and led more than 10 strong men to break south. Thousands of hunu cavalry pursued the attack, and Han yannian was killed and Li Ling was captured. His subordinates fled and fled, with more than four hundred people fleeing to the border. Li lingjun's defeat was only one hundred miles away from the border.

Even today, when we re-read the defeat of two thousand years ago, we will still feel excited. What we feel is not shame, but tragic, and proud to have such a brave, fearless, yet defeated ancestor. In our opinion, this shocking battle of heaven and earth, weeping ghosts and gods is enough to be comparable to the Battle of Sparta's "Battle of gentle Springs", and those who fought with blood are not sinners, but heroes.

Why were their views so different? Why have the commanders who have led such a battle been "killed? Didn't people have basic conscience and basic judgment at that time?

Is the record of this war itself not true? The above records are derived from the Chinese book, but the materials are probably from Sima Qian's description of the war, similar to the later Chinese book ). We know whether Sima Qian's records are unreliable due to the curse of Li Ling and the humiliation of "palace punishment? Wang Fuzhi has this idea, and therefore scolded Sima Qian for the defeat of Li Ling. He had to leave his words out of his personal friendship. After being punished, he refused to change his regret. He reversed the black and white in the book, judge the traitor.

Wang Fuzhi experienced the pain of his country, and he hated and understood the foreign countries and those who surrendered. Maybe in his opinion, Li Ling and Wu sangui, the big traitor, were all the way. However, his criticism cannot be justified. Sima Qian has already stated that he and Li Ling are not in friendship, but have a good impression on this person and do not believe that he will betray him. Moreover, Sima Qian was convicted. Emperor Wu of the Chinese army was in place again. He was not afraid to create a fictitious combat situation. Although Li Ling's army has not been replaced, there are still more than four hundred people in the Division and division, and there is no possibility of "collusion". If Sima Qian's description of the war is inconsistent with those of these people, it will be a big disaster.

The real reason is that the vanity of Emperor Wu has been cracked down. He expected his brother-in-law Li guangli to stand up and give him a long face. After the defeat, Li guangli expected the victory of Li Ling to hide his shame. When Li Ling was surrounded, he expected Li Ling to die and save his final dignity. As soon as I heard the news of Li Ling's surrender, I was furious and asked Chen Bule, who had already been a quick start, to commit suicide.

There are good, the next is very difficult. Since the emperor believed that Li Ling should commit suicide, Mei's ministers also agreed that Li Ling should commit suicide. Only what Sima Qian said is what Liu che does not want to listen to-he is so difficult:

"Li Ling is very fond of soldiers and often serves as the biggest volunteer to kill the enemy. Unfortunately, the defeat is now unfortunate, but some adults who are not at risk have been talking about it. It is a pity to pick up his mistakes. With five thousand infantry in the district, Liling went deep into the desert and fought against 80 thousand cavalry. It fought hundreds of miles in a fight and tried its best, but still attacked with a white blade. His men were not centrifugal and famous since ancient times. Although he was captured, he was defeated and powerful enough to be famous. In addition, I believe that Li lingshou's surrender is not from his own heart. He must have another strategy to serve the motherland ."

Liu Che was so angry that he put Sima Qian into jail. According to the results of the judge's review, the judge determined that Sima Qian had committed a false positive act against the traitor and sentenced him to the death penalty. Sima Qian's family had a hard time borrowing a ransom for him, reducing him to the first-class corruption penalty-cutting his genitals.

Although the corruption penalty is painful, it is especially humiliating. Sima Qian committed suicide several times, but he finally lived in a cruel fate, in order to complete his "Historical Records" Masterpiece-this more than 0.5 million-character masterpiece, not only became a treasure of Chinese history, but also the documentary cut he created was regarded as a benchmark by future generations.

Here is a question: Why isn't Li Ling killed or killed like Han yannian?

On the eve of the encirclement, an army veteran advised him: "The failure of General Wei Zhen Huns is a result of destiny. Even if a prisoner is captured, he can try to escape. Just like Zhao jiannu, A hooseo of ye, who had obtained the money from Chen, then escaped and received the courtesy of tianzi. What's more, General !" At that time, Li Ling's answer was absolutely absolute: "You should not say it! If I don't die, I won't be a real hero ." Why! Why is he talking differently? Before he surrendered, he said, "You have no face !" What does it mean?

Later, Li Ling's answer to Su Wushu said: "I didn't die at the time, but I just wanted to follow the hero of my predecessors and make a difference. However, dazhi did not succeed. The whole family was killed by Liu Che, and the old mother was not spared. Back to the chest, tears flow, and blood ."

Su Wushu is suspected to be a descendant of pseudotrust. However, in the Zhengshi, Li Ling does know that "even though the mausoleum is broken, it makes the Han and the neighborhood sin, and all his old mother make the plot of great humiliation, Shu almost Cao Ke's league, never forget this thing." If his confession is true, the story of Liling is a tragedy misunderstood by the humiliated.

So can we trust his confession (or the record of history books )?

At the moment of being captured, we were uncertain about his ideas. In fact, even if Li Ling is a cool greedy man, what should I do?

Of course, this will affect our comments on him. He may not be admired by future generations as a hero (the so-called hero is the one who overcomes the weakness of human nature and makes extraordinary choices. But even so, he does not have to be sorry for anyone: he does not have to be sorry for Emperor Wu-he has done his best for the country and for the monarch. I am not sorry for the brave and hard-to-death soldiers who were captured after disbanding the army when the situation was no longer possible. At this time, he is no longer a commander, but a person equal to others. In other words, no matter whether or not Li Ling is "Misunderstood", he should not be so severely punished.

In that era, the fate of soldiers was miserable. Victory can certainly be used to block the door and worship, but once defeated, it will become a prisoner, and even suffer the curse of the door. Zhou Yafu, Li Guang, Zhao guenu, and even Li guangli, who have been favored by the "Royal Family of friends", are both outstanding stars, but they have never been able to keep their heads.

Even in the Emperor Wendi era known as "benevolence", Feng Tang once said: "Your Majesty's law is too bright, your reward is too light, and the penalty is too heavy." The soldiers "fight all day, head off, and take over the curtain, the words do not match, and the document is on the line of the law. "It is really a reward, but a penalty is required. At the time of Emperor Wu, this situation became even more serious. The Chinese military law stipulates that: "When you are timid," when you are forced to throw "," when you lose ", and" when you fall into the wrong path, "the prisoner is also in the column of death. Li Guang escaped from his home because of a living prisoner. He acted as a beggar and redeemed him for sending his home. After being enabled, you are not expected to log on. Finally, due to the "loss of track", I missed the meeting time (it is difficult to understand that Li Guang, a veteran of more than 70 battles in his life, will make a low-level mistake "without a wizard", so some people suspect that this is Wei Qing's practice ), he was insulted by the knife and pen-and-pencil. Even if Li Ling broke through, I am afraid it will not be condolences and flowers waiting for him. From this point of view, there are too many helplessness and difficulties in his "downgrading" (whether or not there are any plans for "Dai sin.

 

In modern people's view, when a soldier's resistance is ineffective, not only does not have to commit suicide, but also does not have to commit suicide. It is our right and responsibility to be unable to serve the country and save our lives. Therefore, it is not shameful to be captured when they are unable to return to heaven. They are welcome and courtesy when they return home.

But in ancient China, this was not the case. The fate of a Chinese soldier is that you can only win but cannot fail. Once you fail, you can only die and cannot live. In fact, the ancients did not understand the principle of "People are expensive", but this principle is not the taste of the monarch-in the eyes of authoritarian emperors, others' lives are not worth the money.

There is a living example: in the Three Kingdoms, General Wei was banned from being captured by Guan Yu and then sent back. Cao Yu warmly welcomes the ban and uses the story of Lin Fu, who once defeated Chu but still gained trust and finally defeated Chu Jun, to bring tears to tears. However, as soon as he turned his face, he tried to humiliate the ban and make it "angry and angry"-we can't help but ask: is it about the ban? Or is it the honest and mean-looking Cao Yu?

This kind of demand for individuals will become more ferocious and will not help. Jin, Yuan, Qing, and other foreign invasion, when the country broke down, there is always a Lishi martyrs into the fire, the suicide of the country, read this, it is always complicated. On the one hand, these strong behaviors make us admire each other, but on the other hand, we can't help but doubt: What is the purpose of such strong behaviors? Why can't we get together for ten years and learn ten lessons? If this behavior inspires people to resist, why not do it? Why is China getting worse and worse as there are more dead-end users? Is it because we have used courage, ethics, and sacrifice in the wrong place?

After Li Ling was captured, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty had a moment of waking up, but the remedial measures he had taken were whimsical: He sent troops to the Huns to escape from Li Ling because of generals and grandchildren-apparently, in the absence of mutual ventilation between the two parties, this is simply an "impossible task ". Of course, in order to escape punishment, Sun Tzu threw a sewage of his conscience: "according to the prisoner's explanation, Li Ling has rebelled against the enemy and taught the command of war in order to prepare the Han army. Therefore, the Minister has no income ."

In the face of the nearly crazy Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, he had no choice but to find his best fortune. However, this does not make people forgive him for the damage he caused to Li Ling-Emperor Wu was furious and killed his family.

The entire family was destroyed. Now, Liling is only a traitor.

Li zhixing, a historical scholar, said in the "": Li Ling's rebellion from downgrading is also a "forced rebellion ". If you only look at Li Ling from rebellion, you can only say that Li Ling is a "traitor ". After all, he married Princess hunnu and made the hunnu king. After all, he did not return to Hu Di. However, if you can understand his "rebellion" out of "force", you might as well say the hand behind him, that is, the emperor hanwti, who uses only his parents, directs the incompetent Li guangli, lu Bode, an old man and a great man, is a rumor, and the Minister of manchao, who has been pushed to the wall, is the real "traitor ".

Later, Han sent Huns, and Li Ling asked the MESSENGER: "As a Chinese emperor, I led five thousand people in a row of Huns and failed because of my isolation and no support. What are the sins of the Han Dynasty?" The messenger replied: "I have intelligence and said that Li shaoqing taught Huns tactics to defeat me ." Li Ling was furious: "That person is Li Xu, not me ." (Li xuyuan was a lieutenant in the Han Dynasty, and he was also favored by the defeat of troops to surrender to Huns .) Li lingzhu's family was killed by Li Xu, causing the assassination of Li Xu.

In the words of the farming nation in the Central Plains, Huns have never had a bad reputation. These barbarians are synonymous with brutal, shameless, and ignorant. However, from the historical records, at least in some aspects, these barbarians are wider and more humane than the Chinese. Li Ling has severely damaged Huns. After the surrender, he has been "negative" for a long time. He also "hooked up" with Han dynasty people (such as Su Wu). This time, he killed Li Xu, however, not only did he not blame him, but he worked hard to protect him. Later, he married his daughter and made Li Ling the right school king. Even Zhang Yi and Su Wu, both of them are still born, and they are still married and have children. Who is more brutal than Emperor Wu of the Chinese army to the soldiers?

The story of Liling and Su Wu is also intriguing.

At the beginning, Su Wu and Li lingci were both colleagues and friends. Both of them had the ambition to make contributions to the country. Naturally, they had a great deal to talk about. Su Wu attacked Huns and was detained by Huns because of Zhang Sheng's greed (this man, as a diplomat, had attempted to hijack his mother). The diplomacy broke down, it is the fuse of the Battle of China and Hungary, which ruined Li Ling.

After Li Ling surrendered, he felt ashamed and did not dare to see Su Wu. After a long time, I learned about this layer of relationship, and sent Liling to the place where suwu went-Beihai (today, Lake Baikal) to persuade me.

HanShu records the meeting:

"(Li Ling) for Wu liquor set up joy, because Wu Yue: 'alone in Wenling and Zi Qing su thick, so the mausoleum is full, open-minded to treat each other. Cannot be returned to the Han Dynasty, empty from the land of suffering and death, what does Xinyi see? The former Long Jun (your brother) serves the car (Duwei), from the zhuyang Palace, help the lower division, touch the column to fold, big disrespect, Fujian self-defeating, give 2 million Yuan for burial. Lu Qing (your younger brother) from the east of the temple River after the soil, Huan riding and Huang Men Horse fight boat, push the horse in the river drowned, Huan riding dead, then yi Qing cannot be caught, fear of drinking medicine and death. When it came, my lady was unfortunate, and the tomb was buried in the Yangling. Zi Qing was younger and Wen was married. Only two younger siblings, two female and one male, have survived for more than 10 years. How long have you been suffering! When the mausoleum began to fall, it suddenly went crazy. I suffered from the pain of the Han Dynasty, and added the old mother-to-Law Palace (as a hostage). How did Ziqing go down? In the spring and autumn of His Majesty, the law has always died, and the minister has killed dozens of victims. The safety is unknown. Who is ZI Qing still recovering? I would like to listen to the mausoleum and do not go back to the cloud. 'Wu Yue: 'wu's father and son are all achievements of His Majesty, ranking in the ranks. Jue Tong Hou, brother is close, and he is always willing to give his brains. Today, we have to make ourselves effective. Although it is a pleasure to have an ax. Chen Shijun, also the father of the son. The child is hated by the death of the father. May you not reply again. 'Ling and Wu Yin several days, and then said: 'Zi Qing listen to Ling Yan. 'Wu Yue: 'Self-score has been dead for a long time! The King will drop the martial arts, please complete the joy of today, the effect of death! 'The neighborhood sees its sincerity, and then sighs and says: 'Hu HU, Yi shi! The sin of Ling and Wei Law goes through heaven. 'Weeping, let's fight ."
Note Li Ling's remarks: Su Wu's brother and younger brother are both senior military officers and are forced to commit suicide due to a slight negligence. My mother died with hate, his wife remarried, and his son did not know his whereabouts. (later, when Su Wu returned, he knew that his son was also "sitting and dying ")...... We can't help wondering: If Su Wu is not stranded in Huns, will he still be in this fate? To the point where the Minister has killed dozens of people and has no knowledge of safety, what is the terrible monarch of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty?

Li Ling persuaded him to fail, but did not forget his old feelings. When he saw suwu's hardships, he asked his wife (Princess hunnu) to give suwu dozens of cattle and sheep to avoid suspicion. Later, Li entered Beihai and informed Su Wu of the death of Emperor Wu. Similarly, although Su Wu refused to change his exercise, he also understood the difficulties of his old friend. This is the lovely and respectable place of the Han Dynasty who are simple and strong. If, as Mr. Tao hopes in future generations, he assumes that he is "scolding thieves and dying" and does not eat thursless ", instead, he is not near-human, hypocritical, and stiff.

(Coincidentally, Su Jian, the father of Su Wu, also suffered a similar failure as Li Ling: when he joined Wei Qing in attacking Huns, Su Jian was in a close encirclement. After a day of bloody battles, the whole army was not covered, su Jian only broke through. Therefore, after being sentenced to death, the penalty will be paid to save his life and the penalty will be abolished. This may have caused Su Wu to have more understanding about Liling .)

After the arrival of the Emperor Han Zhao, Sino-Hungary relations eased and the Pro replaced the battle. The Han Dynasty sent a request to return Su Wu, and the Huns had to return Su Wu through the strategy of "Hongyan chuanshu.

Li Ling made a congratulation for Su Wu, and said with great emotion at the banquet: "Today, when my feet go back, it is famous for Huns, and its achievements are manifested in the Chinese Chamber, even the ancient sages painted by Dan Qing in the history of Qing Dynasty, why have you been Ziqing! Although I was dull and timid, if the Han dynasty had temporarily forgiven me for the sin of defeat, preserve my old mother, and give me the opportunity to wash the shame of the snow, maybe I could be like the ancients Cao Mo, forcing the enemy to sign the Treaty of Peace, which Li Ling did not dare to forget day and night. But what do I have to worry about? These words have no meaning, but I just want to let Zi Qing understand my heart. !" Wine into sorrow, feelings can not stop, Li Ling dance as a song: "The diameter of the sand curtain, for the king will Fen Huns. The path has been destroyed by the attackers, and the name of the secret has been destroyed. The Old Mother is dead. Even if you want to send a message, you will be able to settle it !" Song, Li Ling weeping several lines, and Su Wu never say goodbye.

More than one thousand years later, Xin Qiji, the hero of the liver and gallbladder, wrote a tragic and gloomy qianguan song: "The generals are famous for cracking battles, turning back to the river, Wan Li, the old man !"

At this time, it was General hoguang and general Zuo who went to Shangguan to assist the Government. The two were friends of Li Ling in the past. Therefore, they sent old Li Ling to serve as the messenger and went to hunnu to persuade Li Ling to return.

The hunnu sent a banquet to the Chinese Ambassador, accompanied by Li Ling and Wei Lu. As an old friend who looked at the knot of "Hu suhui", Ren lizheng felt deeply. In front of the Law of Wei, of course, it is difficult to clearly say what they want, so they played a riddle, "visual mausoleum, and the number of self-following its knife ring, hold its foot, Yin Yu, the words can be returned to Han." Seeing that there was no response, Ren lizheng said: "Han has already done a good deal. anle, China, is dominated by spring and autumn, huozimeng, and Shangguan Shaoshu ."

Each sentence has a subline:, you will not be held accountable; the material civilization and spiritual civilization of the Han Dynasty are rich; the Emperor is not an old confused; the elders are political, who dare to bother you?

After a long period of silence, Li lingran stroked his hair and said, "I have no choice !"

While defending law, Ren lizheng said to Li Ling, "Alas, Shao Qing is wronged! Huozimeng and Shangguan Shaoshu greet you ."

"Are they both good?" Li Ling said ?"

Li zhengzheng seize the opportunity: "Please return to your hometown without worrying about wealth ."

Li Ling smiled bitterly and replied, "It is easy to return to shaogong. I am afraid I will be humiliated again !"

When the voice was not heard, the guard law came in and knew how the messenger came and said, "Li shaoqing is a wise man in the world, not living alone in a country. Like Fan Yi, who traveled all over the world, Yu Jiaxiang entered Qin. How do you talk about private rooms now !"

The banquet is not happy. Ren lizheng is not dead, and asked Li Ling: "What are you interested in ?" Li Ling repeated the answer just now: "The husband can no longer insult me ."

The "humiliation" mentioned by Li Ling has two meanings: first, the reality: he has lost confidence in the Han Dynasty. Although Ren lizheng's assurance is true, can he count his assurance? From the historical process, the two old friends who once mastered the authority and persuaded him to return to the market did not end well: Shangguan was killed for rebellion. Huoguang assisted the two Chinese emperors as the Minister of life Gu, with a high name and a high name. However, the rule was left empty, and the children were rampant and illegal. His wife was even more involved in the battle of the court and killed the Queen (to replace his daughter). After the death of hooguang, his family was destroyed. If Li Ling returns, who knows what fate will wait for him?

Another layer of implication is the Spirit: Li Ling's rebellion against Huns and suffering from painful mental torture, as he said to Su Wu, "when the mausoleum begins to fall, it suddenly becomes crazy and self-defeating ", for whatever reason, he is reluctant to try it again. Moreover, the pain of the family has made him lose his sense of belonging to the Han dynasty. As a person who is always exile by fate, why did he repeat it and uncover the painful old scars again?

Li Ling has been ill for more than 20 years in hunnu and has never been involved in aggression against the Han Dynasty before he died in the year of Xuan dianyuan.