The century of bronze chongshi

What is the exquisite Decoration of the box? The bermoment linear line chart in "The Golden Record of hengxuan"

Liu Youyu

Following the autumn Asian art week in New York, soufbi shot a group of important week bronzes, and the autumn Asian art week in London in early November, an even more important bronze tool-the early part of the Western Zhou Dynasty, bermoment, was unveiled. It has been commented that its launch is the most important thing in the circulation of Bronzes around the world in the past two decades.

The importance of this bernetes crash is at least reflected in the following aspects.

The bronzes related to bermoment are in its own series in the discovered Shang Zhou bronzes, and are important in the remains of Shang Zhou bronzes in China.

Bermoment and his family have a prominent position and have been recognized as an important role of the royal family of zongzhou in the early Western Zhou Dynasty and the upper layer of the Yan state. The division of the bermoment family is accurate and reliable, and its history is specific and vivid. There are 22 pieces of Bronzes that have been recorded on behalf of the author and announced in the archaeological excavation Report and have been cast with the inscription of bermoment. The most important part is: The bermoment and the two were unearthed in the Late Qing Dynasty and circulated in London for two centuries. Another piece was unearthed in Baoji bamboo gully, Shaanxi Province in the 1970s S and collected in Baoji Museum; the new China was unearthed in the Fangshan pihe River in Beijing and the kazoshan Bay son in Liaoning Province. Ming "Hou ShiBo, a father of wuzun Yi in wuchen Yan ", they are the most important collections of the Capital Museum and the Museum of Liaoning Province. A piece of bermoment disk was unearthed from the Luohe River in Fangshan District, Beijing in the New China Period? 1. It was unearthed in Kazuo shanwan son in 1971 and collected in the museum of Liaoning Province. Ming "Bo moment as Bao Zun Yi" and "Bo moment as Bao Zun Yi ", add to favorites in Washington.

The Yi series of the bermoment family and their related archaeological data provide valuable examples and clues for the social grouping system and economic activities in the early Western weeks.

For example, the historical data of the Bai moment family shows the phenomenon of Zhou's royal family calling the father and the father of the family on the basis of Yu Yan. Therefore, it is derived that the Western Zhou system should actually have two levels of Feng Bo's theory: first, the Zhou tianzi's ergongjia was born to be a erbo, with the palm of his hand to the east and west princes, it can be called "Wang guanbo". Second, on Tuesday, you can appoint a wise person in the local princes as the princes and manage the princes of one party. It can be called "fang Bo ". The bermoment family should be the name of the local master called to seal the father in the place of the swallow, that is, the second level.

In terms of social and economic systems, the golden documents related to bermoment are even more detailed and precious. According to "wei ?" Inscription, Zhou luwang, in March, moment Bo asked Wei for a piece of Jin Yi, worth 80 friends, and negotiated to exchange ten fields of land. Moment later asked Wei for two things, such as chibo. The value of BEI was 20 friends, And he negotiated to exchange the three fields of the moment. To this end, Wei has completed the registration procedures and implemented the land transfer. According to "three-year guard ?" The inscription records the jade articles, dresses, and so on which Mo Bo used his thirteen fields to replace Wei. Also, according to the inscription "nine-year Wei ding", in nine years of Wang Zhou, moment Bo and Wei made another transaction, and moment Bo exchanged for a carriage and vehicle harness of Wei with a piece of forest land in the face of his subordinates. To this end, Wei also delivered the goods to Jiang sanduo, the Lady of the moment's wife, and his defender was able to perform field surveys on this forest land, it is determined that the four ends of the forest land and the stacked soil and ridge are recorded in the inscriptions. Wei is the clothing officer of Wang, the director of the Zhou royal family. From these facts, we can see that the Zhou Dynasty's management of land ownership transfer is clear and specific, the upper-layer activities around the Zhou royal family are very active and normal. They are important people of the Zhou Dynasty.

Bermoment and bermoment are representatives of the art and casting techniques of the bronzes in the Western Zhou Dynasty.

This time, the berseong Pavilion has a high artistic value. It is one of the only four pieces of the earth's 3D animal surface, high-relief, square-seat decoration, it reflects the inheritance and improvement of the Late Shang's Animal Surface embossed art in the early Western Zhou Dynasty, and shows the vitality and tension of the political economy in the early Western Zhou Dynasty. In addition, this style only exists in the Special Period of the early Western week, and does not appear before or after this period. It can be said that the emergence of this unique artistic style provided the best stage for the last grand curtain call of the Bronze Art in Shang Zhou. The artistic charm of berseong received the attention of Mr. Li Xueqin. In 1994, he wrote "the strange berseong ornaments". This artistic style is embodied in the treasure of the town pavilion of the Capital Museum-the two artifacts have blood ties, in terms of artistic style, another article is made. It is precisely because of this value that the State administration of cultural relics of China has included the bermoment collections from the Capital Museum in the third batch of banned overseas exhibitions.

Since the time of the unearthed period was long, the inheritance history of bermoment was even more legendary, and the value of recording and research was even heavier.

The record of the berequest was first found in the middle of the 19th century and collected by Wang weixue. Then pan zuyin is transferred to the ancient building in Tibet. In the period of the Republic of China, Shanghai Gold was used to remember the antique row, and in 1946 it was obtained by the German American Walter hochstater family. The auction was auctioned by Sotheby's in London on February 9, June 8, 1993 at the price of £ 0.8 million, lot119.

As for recording, this story is also called "recording order": In 1872, Pan zuyin's "Pan Gu Lou Yi shi", Volume 1, No. 23rd; Wu Da ?, On September 16, 31st, 174.3, Sheng Yuan, Yuhua Ge jinwen, manuscript in the library of Peking University, No.; Zou an, Zhou jinwen Cun, 1885, no. 5.104; Wu Da ?, 《? Zhai Ji Gu Lu, No. 1919, December 1, 174.3; Liu Zhi, Xiao Jing Ge Jin Wen Tuo Ben, No. 1935, vol. 7, 29th; chen Mengjia's "inzhou bronze collection of US Imperialism", Volume 1, Tokyo, December 1977, pp. 41st, a207, pp. 496th-497, a207.1 and a207.2; yan Yiping, Jin Wen collection, Taipei, August 1, 2200th; Lin siaifu, Yin Zhou bronzes overview, Volume 1, Tokyo, August 1, 236th, pp, version 38-39, No. 64th; Lin siaifu, Yin Zhou bronzes overview, Volume 1, Tokyo, April 1984, pp. 99th, No. 156th; Jessica Rawson Arthur M. sackler collection of the West Week bronze gift, IIA book, Cambridge, 1990, 38th pages, 37 pictures and 147 pages; au in June 8, 1993 in London, China bronze and porcelain crafts session, No. 119th; hong Kong University of China, Yin Zhou jinwen integrated interpretation of text, 6th book, Hong Kong, 2001, 96th pp., No. 3,533rd; Wang Tao, Liu Yu, and Liu scattered Europe and America Yin Zhou has inscription bronze collection, Shanghai, 2007, No. 97th; Wu ZhenJie, Shang Zhou bronze inscription and Image Integration, Shanghai, 2012, No. 04,314th; David ekserdjian, bronze? Royal art, London, 2012, 14th, 111st pages and 256 pages.

The first time this century was introduced by the famous international antique dealer githerp? The hand of Giuseppe eskenazi was launched. The old man specially printed a beautiful recording for this ware, containing detailed image materials and related research. He sent me this book specially, so I was able to pay special attention to it. In the history of beauty and long history, I deeply felt the beauty brought by bronze culture to the world. This kind of beauty can be shared across the history of smoke clouds as a shared wealth without borders and without borders. The new cooling tower is built at http://www.66gk?com/product-153.html#. this is a miracle of history, but it is actually Shangri-la!

The century of bronze chongshi